I-cholesterol iyinto ebalulekile yomzimba womuntu, ngaphandle kwayo imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile ngeke yenziwe. Kodwa-ke, inani layo eliphakeme lingaholela ekubukekeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-atherosulinosis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterol iyakwazi ukuqongelela hhayi kuphela emithanjeni yegazi, kodwa kanye nasebadadeni yenyongo. Kulokhu, kuvela isifo esifana ne-cholesterosis ye-gallbladder.
Ubudlelwano obuphakathi kwe-gallbladder ne-cholesterol ukuthi i-cholesterosis ihlotshaniswa ngokuqondile nokwephulwa kwe-metabolism yamafutha emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kunomthelela wokuthi isilinganiso se-lipoproteins sokushintshana kwabantu abahlukene, i-cholesterol ifakwa ezindongeni ze-gallbladder. Lesi sifo sibonisa abesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi abane-atherossteosis.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-gallbladder ukunqwabelana nokuqanjwa kwe-bile. Uhlelo lokugaya kanye nesimo jikelele sempilo yabantu kuncike ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwesitho. Indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology isuselwe ekuphazamisweni kwe-metabolic kanye nokukhiqizwa okwandayo kwama-lipoprotein aphansi. IBile ligcwele i-cholesterol, ngenxa yokuthi izakhiwo zalo ziyaguquka. Ngenxa yokuthi izindonga zomzimba zimunca i-cholesterol, amaseli we-epithelial ye-bile acinise, avele buthaka, amandla okuvimbela inzalo nokuphuma emzimbeni ancishisiwe.
Idiphozithi yamafutha idonswa ngama-macrophage wezicubu. Lapho inani le-cholesterol lidlula okujwayelekile, ama-macrophages aguqulwa abe amaseli akhethekile anokuqukethwe okunyukayo kwama-lipoproteins aphansi ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuholela ekubophelelweni kwe-villi ye-epithelium kanye nokwakhiwa kwama-thickenings - ama-plaque.
Amathuba okukhula kwe-cholesterosis ngaphezulu kulabo abanesifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala, izifo zesibindi ezahlukahlukene.
Ngokuya ngezinga lomonakalo odongeni lwe-gallbladder, cholesterosis ihlukaniswe:
- Focal, lapho kudalwa khona i-cholesterol amana ngendlela yamacwecwe ahlukaniswe ngendlela engalingani emgodleni womongo;
- I-polypous, ebonakala ngama-cholesterol deposits agqinsiwe, avame ukuqondiswa emgodini womzimba. Ngokubukeka kufana nokukhula kwe-polypous;
- Diffuse cholesterosis. Ngalesi hlobo lokususwa, i-cholesterol ngokulinganayo ihlanganisa izindonga ze-bile. Kulokhu, ukunqotshwa sekuphelele;
- I-mesh, lapho kufakwa khona imali kufana nephethini le-mesh obukhulu ebusweni besitho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterosis ihlukaniswe yaba yisibalo (ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe) futhi ayinamatshe.
Kuze kube manje, asikho imbangela ethembekile yalesi sifo esesitholakele. Njengoba i-pathology ingumphumela wokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, noma yisiphi isifo esihambisana nokungalingani ekuhlelweni nasekuqhekekeni kwama-lipids emzimbeni sizovusa kalula izimpawu zokuqina kwe-cholesterosis ye-gallbladder. Izici ezicatshangelwe ze-cholesterosis yilezi:
- Ukuntuleka kwama-hormone egilo;
- Ukuthuthukiswa kumaseli wesibindi wokushintshwa kwe-dystrophic lapho ama-bile acids engenakuba nomphumela owanele wokukhulisa i-cholesterol;
- Ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane emathunjini;
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- Ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala;
- Ukuntuleka kokudla nokudla okufanele.
I-cholesterosis ye-Gallbladder iqhubeka kancane futhi iba nesikhathi eside se-asymptomatic. Umuntu ogulayo isikhathi eside angeke asole ukuthi unalesi sifo.
Izimpawu ezisobala zesifo ezingabonakala ezigulini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yilezi:
- Ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesokunene, olukhathaza kakhulu kusihlwa;
- Ukuzwa ukuthi kunomunyu emlonyeni;
- ukuba khona kwe-belching, kunephunga elingathandeki;
- Ukuvela ngezikhathi ezithile zokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo;
- Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla;
- Ukuvela kwezinkinga ngezitofu - ukuqunjelwa, kulandelwe yizitofu ezikhululekile.
Ezimweni lapho i-pathology ihlanganiswe ne-cholelithiasis, ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kukubi kakhulu. Lapho i-calculus ingena kwi-duct ye-bile ngokuvinjwa okwalandela, kuvela i-jaundice ethambisayo, kanye ne-bilirubin egazini ikhuphuka.
Ngenxa yokuvinjwa, i-gallbladder iyavutha, okubangela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa (i-hectic fever) kanye nokudakwa okujwayelekile.
Lesi sifo saziwa ngokuhlangana kaningi futhi okukhulu kwezinkinga. Kulokhu, ukuqubuka kwesitho kungavela, kube nomthelela ekwakhekeni kwamagciwane. Uma kwenzeka kungenwa, i-cholesterosis ikhula nge-cholecystitis.
Ingxaki eyingozi ubungozi bamatshe ayizimbi. Ukwakheka kwe-calculi kuholela ekukhuleni kwesifo se-gallstone.
I-Cholesterosis isebenza njenge-pathology yangemuva yokwakhiwa kwe-pancreatitis eyingozi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izigwegwe ze-cholesterol zivimba i-sphincter yase-Oddi. Uma ukuvimba kwe-sphincter kungaphelele, kodwa isikhathi eside, futhi imisebenzi igcinwe ngokwengxenye, izimo ze-pancreatitis engapheli ziyakhiwa.
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezingathandeki ukwanda ngokweqile kwenani lama-macrophages kulwelwesi lwe-mucous lwe-gallbladder. Le nqubo iholela ekulimaleni kwesendlalelo se-mucous, lapho amaseli aguqukile aba yingozi. Lokhu, kuholela ekwakhekeni komdlavuza we-gallbladder. Ukuwohloka okulimazayo kwe-epithelium nge-cholesterosis akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa cishe njalo kuba nomphumela ongemuhle.
I-biliary cirrhosis yesibindi yisifo esingamahlalakhona sesitho esakha ukungqubuzana nesizinda sokonakala komgudu webhiliary.
Imvamisa, lesi sifo sitholwa ngengozi, ngoba sinesithombe sasemtholampilo esifihliwe. Inhloso eyinhloko yokuxilongwa kukwazi ukuxilonga ngokuqondile nangokucacile, ukutadisha izinga lokulimala kwesitho nezingozi ezingaba khona. Umsebenzi obalulekile ukukhomba nokuthola imbangela yomsuka wamafutha emzimbeni.
Lapho evakashela uchwepheshe, uzofunda ama-anamnesis futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzoqondiswa ocwaningweni lwelebhu.
Kubandakanya:
- Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi nokujwayelekile;
- I-Urinalysis, ezonikeza umbono wesimo sohlelo lokuchama;
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Coprological of facks, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ikhwalithi yokusebenza kwepheshana lesisu.
Izindlela ezinamandla, zokuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound zinikeza okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwemininingwane. Usebenzisa i-sonography ukunquma ukwakheka komthambo, ubukhulu bawo, isimo sezindonga, ukuba khona kwama-calculi kanye nama-polypous.
Kungekudala kakhulu, bekukholelwa ukuthi i-cholesterosis yezindonga zenyongo ayikwazi ukwelashwa kuphela ngokususwa kwesitho. Njengamanje, i-pathology ingatholakala kwezigaba zangaphambilini, okwenza sikwazi ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha.
Imithi isiguli esithathayo ekwelapheni lesi sifo ikhethwa ngokwahlukana, icubungula indlela yokulimala odongeni lwe-bile, ukuphepha komsebenzi wayo wesivumelwano kanye nesimo jikelele sesiguli. Kwezokwelapha, amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa asetshenziswa:
- Ama-painkiller asetshenziselwa ukudambisa izinhlungu;
- Imithi yokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwe-gallbladder nokwandisa ukwakheka kwe-bile;
- Ama-enzymes athuthukisa ukusebenza kohlelo lokugaya ukudla;
- Ama-antimicrobial agents. Kunconywa kuphela ezimweni zokutheleleka.
Uma kwenzeka kukhona izinkomba, ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kwe-cholesterosis kuyenziwa:
- Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa akulethi imiphumela edingekayo;
- Ukwehla komzimba ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa;
- Kwehlisiwe ukuhamba kwe-gallbladder kuya kuma-30% noma ngaphansi;
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pancreatitis ye-purulent noma i-cholecystitis;
- Ukukhonjwa kwamatshe emgodini nasemithanjeni yomzimba;
- Ukuvela kokuphindaphindeka njalo.
I-Cholecystectomy yindlela okwenziwa ngayo ukuhlinzwa. Kuwukubonisa okuphelele kwesitho. Kuze kube manje, lo msebenzi wenziwa ngendlela ephephe futhi okungenani eyehlisayo - i-laparoscopy.
Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwalesi sifo ukudliwa. Ukulungiswa nokulawulwa kokudla kukuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokwejwayelekile isisindo, uthuthukise ukugaya nomzimba. Esikhathini sokuqala, i-cholesterosis ingaphansi kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo ngokudla. Inketho eyamukelekayo kakhulu yithebula No. 5, lenzelwe abantu abane-pathologies yesibindi nepheshana lokuhlangana.
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokudla:
- Ukudla kufanele kube okuthambile. Ukudla kuthathwa izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku ngezigaba ezincane;
- Hlafuna ukudla ngokucophelela futhi kancane;
- Ukuhambisana nombuso lapho ukudla kuthathwa ngasikhathi sinye;
- Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwemikhiqizo yobisi (i-kefir, iyogathi);
- Isisekelo sokudla yimifino nokusanhlamvu;
- Ukwenqaba ukudla okunamafutha, isipayisi, okubhemayo nokudla okumuncu kanye notshwala;
Ngezinqubo eziguqukayo ku-bile kanye nengozi eyandayo yokwakhiwa kwamatshe, kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi abantu Ungaphuza inkambo yamakhambi okwelapha i-choleretic anikela ekuqedeni kwe-bile (birch, dieelle, mint, tansy, magazus, rosehip, yarrow).
Ngokubheka njalo ukudla nokufakwa kwazo zonke izincomo zezokwelapha, uhlelo lokugaya luhlala lujwayelekile, izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezithweni zangaphakathi ziyamiswa, isimangalo senyongo siyabuyiselwa. Ukudla kwe-cholesterosis kudinga ukuhambisana nokuphila konke, amaphutha okunomsoco adala ukubhebhetheka kanye nokubuya kwezimpawu ezingezinhle ze-dyspeptic.
Ungayihlanza kanjani gallbladder ku-cholesterol izotshela uchwepheshe kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
