Isifo sikashukela mellitus sesiphenduka ubhadane ngokwanda kwabantu. Kuyatholakala ezinganeni, kubantu abadala nasebancane. Iziguli ezinamafa esindayo zichayeka kuwo lapho zivezwa izifo, izinkinga zokudla nengcindezi.
Inkambo yesifo sikashukela incike ekutheni lenyuka kangakanani ushukela wegazi kunxephezelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezikhethekile, ukuthi ukudla okunconywayo kanye nokuzivocavoca komzimba okubukwayo kubhekwa kanjani.
Zonke iziguli zimagange ngokufunda ukuthi zinganciphisa kanjani ushukela wegazi ngokushesha kushukela. Indlela efaneleke kakhulu yabantu abanokuxilongwa okufanayo ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwazo zonke izindlela ezingasiza ekuqiniseni i-glycemia emazingeni okuhlosiwe.
Ukunciphisa ushukela we-insulin
Ukwanda ushukela kushukela kuwukubonakaliswa kokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Izimbangela zalesi simo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ukubhujiswa kwamaseli e-pancreatic nokuntuleka ngokuphelele kwe-insulin. Ukuze wehlise ushukela, udinga ukufaka umjovo we-insulin.
Kunconywa ukuthi lezi ziguli ziqale ukwelashwa kwe-insulin ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze zivikele izinkinga ezinzima, ezibandakanya ukoma. Nge-ketoacidotic ne-hyperosmolar coma, iziguli zingafa uma zingangehlisi i-glycemia yazo. Lokhu kungenxa yobuthi bokugxila okuphezulu kwe-glucose egazini.
Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-insulin ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi kushukela kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi esheshayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, uhlobo lokuphathwa lomuthi, olufana kakhulu nokugcinwa kwemvelo kwama-pancreas, lusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.
Ngale njongo, izinhlobo ezimbili ze-insulin zivame ukubekwa - ezinde (ezinde), ezithatha indawo yemvelo engaguquki, ileveli eyisisekelo futhi yehlise ushukela wegazi kusuka emahoreni ayi-16 kuye kwangama-24 noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, umuthi omusha - iTresiba insulin, eyenziwe uNovo Nordisk, wehlisa ushukela wegazi amahora angama-40.
Ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside ohlotsheni lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela ahlanganiswa nalawo amafushane, aphathwa ngaphambi kokudla, aqinise ushukela wegazi ngemuva kokudla ukudla kwe-carbohydrate. Kuhlobo 2 sikashukela mellitus, ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside kuhlanganiswa namacwecwe noma njengendlela kuphela yokulawula i-glycemia.
Unganciphisa kanjani ushukela wegazi kushukela usebenzisa i-insulin? Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu:
- Isirinji ye-insulin. Indlela yendabuko yesifo sikashukela ayilunge kakhulu, kepha ishibhile.
- Ipeni lesirinji. Indlela elula, cishe engenazhlungu, esheshayo.
- Iphampu ye-insulin. Zisebenza ngokuzenzakalela, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu ongakukhombisa.
- Indlela yokuhlola i-insulin patch enama-miconeedles, ngalinye linesiqukathi esine-insulin nama-enzyme aphendula amazinga kashukela.
Amaphilisi we-glucose okwehlisa
Ukwehla kweshukela egazini ngohlobo 2 sikashukela kungatholakala ngokuthatha umuthi womlomo. Uma udokotela enomsebenzi - indlela yokunciphisa ngokushesha ushukela wegazi, khona-ke iziguli zinikezwa imishanguzo eqenjini le-sulfanylurea: Manninil, Diabeteson MV, Amaril, Glimaks, Glyurenorm.
Bebephakathi kokuqala ukunqunyelwa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, kepha njengamanje izinkomba zazo zokusebenzisa zilinganiselwe, njengoba zibangela ukukhuphuka kokukhishwa kwe-insulin kusuka kumanyikwe ngokudinwa kwayo okwalandela. Ukubuyiselwa kwesibili ukuthi izidakamizwa ezinjengalezi zinganciphisa izinga likashukela liphansi kakhulu.
Ama-Meglitinides nawo angamalungu eqembu labavuseleli be-insulin secretion (ama-secagagogue), anikeza ukwehla okusheshayo koshukela wegazi kunezimali ezivela eqenjini le-sulfanylurea, isikhathi sokwenza kwawo sifushane impela, ngakho-ke balawula ukwanda kwe-glycemia eyenzeka ngemuva kokudla.
Ingozi yokuhlaselwa ngokuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia yezidakamizwa zaleli qembu incane, ngenxa yalokho, imvamisa ibekelwa iziguli esezikhulile. I-Repaglinide (NovoNorm) ithathwa ekuseni kanti okwesibili kusihlwa ngaphambi kokudla, i-0.5 mg ngayinye, i-Starlix (nateglinide) ingathathwa imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphambi kokudla ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye, i-120-180 mg.
Kusho iqembu le-Biguanide (Siofor, Metformin Sandoz) okwehlisa ushukela wegazi ngokunciphisa ukuphuma kwalo emathunjini nokwakheka kwamangqamuzana amasha esibindini futhi kaningi kunabanye njengoba kunqunyelwe ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ukulungiswa kweMetformin kukhulisa ukuzwela kwama-receptors ku-insulin.
Izinkomba zokuphathwa kwe-metformin ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela:
- Ukhuluphele.
- I-Polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Isifo sikashukela.
- Isifo sikashukela sokutholwa kwesisu.
Ngokulashwa kwe-metformin, kungenzeka ukwehlise okuqukethwe kwe-glycated hemoglobin, ekhombisa ushukela onxephezelwe izinyanga ezintathu, ngoba ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi isikhathi esifushane akwanele ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-metformin kusiza ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuqothuka kwe-myocardial, kanye namazinga okushona kwabantu.
Ngaphezu kwale mithi yesifo sikashukela se-hyperglycemia, izidakamizwa ze-alpha-glycosidase inhibitor zinqunyelwe. Le mithi ivimbela ukweqiwa kwama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ibe ushukela, kanye nokufakwa kweglucose emathunjini kuya egazini. Lokhu kufaka i-acarbose (Glucobay), ukuthathwa kokusa okuthi lapho umthamo ka-50 mg ukhushulwe kancane kancane, okuletha kuma-300 mg ngosuku.
Ukulungiselela uJanuvia, Bayeta, uGalvus kungokwesigaba esisha sama-incretomimetics, esandisa ukwakheka kwama-hormone akhethekile, ama-insretin, amathumbu.
Ngamazinga kashukela ajwayelekile noma aphezulu, la ma-hormone ashukumisa ukwakheka nokukhululwa kwe-insulin.
Ukudla kokudla
Ekwelapheni i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, akunakwenzeka ukuba uphumelele ngemithi kuphela, ngoba ayinakukwazi ukuvikela ekushintshashintsheni ushukela wegazi lapho udla ukudla okunama-carbohydrate alula. Imikhiqizo enekhono lokukhulisa ushukela wegazi ngokushesha futhi ngokumangazayo akufanele ibe khona ekudleni kweziguli, noma ngabe iluphi uhlobo nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo.
Kulokhu, ukudla kanye noshukela wokuqinisa uzinzo we-phytopreparations, kanye nokuzivocavoca okwenziwe ngomzimba kunganele ukunxephezela i-hyperglycemia ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokuhlela ukudla kwabanesifo sikashukela idla ngokungahambi kahle ngokuya ngemijovo yemithi ye-insulin noma yokwehlisa ushukela, ukudla okuvamisile okungenani izikhathi eziyisithupha ngosuku, izingxenye ezincane zokudla ngakunye nokudla kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwama-carbohydrate usuku lonke.
Kuyenqatshelwa ukufaka kwimenyu eyehlisa ushukela wegazi:
- Amaswidi, ushukela, uju, izithelo ezimnandi.
- Imikhiqizo kafulawa omhlophe
- Ilayisi, pasta, semolina, umzala.
- Ijusi elihlanganiswe, izithelo ezikheniwe, iziphuzo ezinoshukela.
Njengoba isifo sikashukela sithikameze umzimba ukudla okunamafutha, ukudla okuhlinzekela umkhawulo noma ngaphandle ngokuphelele kwemikhiqizo yenyama enamafutha, ukudla okuthosiwe, amafutha asuka enyameni noma enhlanzi, imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha, kanye nokupheka amafutha. Ukudla sikashukela kufaka okuqukethwe okuphelele kwamaprotheni ngenkathi kunciphisa ama-carbohydrate alula namafutha ezilwane.
Ukuze uhlinzeke umzimba ngokudla ushukela, kunconyelwa ukupheka amasobho wemifino, amasaladi avela emifino emisha ngamafutha yemifino, inyama nezitsha zenhlanzi ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamafutha amancane, izitsha zemifino noma zikakolweni.
Uhlu lokusanhlamvu oluvunyelwe luhlanganisa i-oat, i-buckwheat ne-pearl ibhali, i-legumes. Kungcono ukusebenzisa imifino engeyona eyethusi: i-zucchini, zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi, ukhukhamba, utamatisi ongavuthiwe, isitshalo seqanda, ipepper yensimbi ne-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Ungadla isinkwa se-rye, okusanhlamvu okugcwele noma amabele.
Imikhiqizo yobisi enokuqukethwe kwamafutha aphakathi, amaqanda, ukudla kwasolwandle, amajikijolo angenazithelo nezithelo ezimuncu kungafakwa ekudleni kwabanesifo sikashukela. Ukudla sikashukela kufaka inani elincane lokudla noma izitsha ezinama-sukari, kanye neziphuzo ngohlobo lwe-herbal Teas, umhluzi we-rose rose, i-chicory.
Ukudla okunganciphisa ushukela wegazi kufaka:
- Ama-Blueberries
- Amagilebhisi
- Amagatsha.
- Izinongo: i-ginger, isinamoni, i-turmeric.
- I-anyanisi.
Ushukela wehlisa amakhambi
Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo wamakhambi ngesimo se-infusions noma ama-decoctions, ama-tinctures kanye nokukhishwa ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesifo sikashukela kusiza ukuthuthukisa i-carbohydrate kanye ne-metabolism yamafutha, kwandise ukuzwela emithini ekwehlisa ushukela, futhi futhi kunciphisa ngobumnene i-glucose yegazi ngaphandle kwengozi ye-hypoglycemia.
Umphumela wezitshalo ezinqubweni ze-metabolic uhlotshaniswa nokubakhona ekwakhekeni kwezakhi ezinjenge-insulin, okungukuthi, inulin, biguanides, flavonoids, zinc. Ukwehla ushukela wegazi kutholakala ngokuthuthukisa izinqubo ze-metabolic, kanye nokwenza lula ukudlula kwe-glucose esitokisini.
Izitshalo eziningi ziqukethe ama-antioxidants avikela amaseli emonakalisweni ngama-radicals wamahhala akhiwa lapho ushukela wegazi ephezulu. Ama-antioxidants angavikela imithambo yegazi namaseli ezinzwa ngokuvimbela ukukhula kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela.
I-Phytotherapy yesifo sikashukela yenziwa yizitshalo ezinjalo:
- Yehlisa ukumelana ne-insulin ngokuhlanganisa i-insulin nama-receptors: iqabunga le-bay, izimpande ze-ginseng, izimpande ze-ginger, i-saber ne-arnica.
- Ngokuqukethwe kwe-inulin: i-burdock, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, i-dandelion ne-chicory. Inulin eningi ezimpandeni zalezi zitshalo. I-inulin ikhulisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin futhi isuse ushukela ngokweqile.
- Ukubuyisela umsebenzi we-pancreatic: imbewu yefilakisi, amaqabunga e-walnut.
- Vikela i-insulin ekubhujisweni: ubhontshisi wamapheshana, i-galega, i-blueberries.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze ukhulise ukungatheleleki kanye nokungahambelani nezinto eziphikisayo, sebenzisa iRhodiola rosea, i-Eleutherococcus, impande ye-licorice neSchisandra.
Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwezinso futhi kusheshiswe ukuqedwa kwe-glucose okweqile emchameni, iqabunga le-cranberry, ama-knotweed, amahhashi kanye nama-birch efihlekile.
Ungawehlisa kanjani ushukela ngokuzivocavoca?
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba okujwayelekile komzimba kusiza ukukhulisa amandla okusebenza nokukhuthazela kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwegazi ezicutshini futhi kuthuthukise izinqubo ezijwayelekile ze-metabolic. I-complex ekhethwe kahle isheshisa ukushiswa kwe-glucose, kunciphisa izinga le-glycemia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi umsebenzi we-dosed wokuzivocavoca ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokulashwa kwe-insulin kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antidiabetes, okuvumela ukunciphisa isilinganiso futhi kugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi evela ekusetshenzisweni.
Iziguli ezivivinya umzimba zilusizo ikakhulukazi kwiziguli ezikhuluphele, ngoba zingasiza ekunciphiseni idiphozithi yamafutha, okuholela ekuvumeni kwezinqubo ze-metabolic futhi zinikeze amandla isifundo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ngobuncane beshukela, ushukela womzimba uboniswa ngokuya ngemithetho elandelayo:
- Ukuzivocavoca kwenziwa kuwo wonke amaqembu emisipha.
- Ukunyakaza kwenziwa ngeplanethi enkulu.
- Ijubane lomsebenzi lihamba kancane futhi laphakathi.
- Sebenzisa izivivinyo zokuxhumana.
- Isikhathi sesifundo sisuka kumaminithi angama-30 kuye kwangama-45.
- Ukuqhekeka phakathi kochungechunge lokuvivinya umzimba imizuzu engu-1-2.
- Ekuqaleni kwamakilasi, fudumeza - imizuzu emi-5, ekugcineni - izivivinyo zokuphumula zihlangana nokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula - imizuzu engu-7.
Ukuhamba nge-medical dosed, ukuqala kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-5 km, ezemidlalo, ukubhukuda, ukugijima, kusetshenziswa njengomthwalo. Ngokwesifo sikashukela esilinganiselwe, imithwalo elula iboniswa ubude besikhathi esingekho ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-20.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lesi sifo sigxila esimweni sohlelo lwezinhliziyo, iziguli ezinjalo zikhonjiswa ikakhulu imishini yokuphefumula nokuyinkimbinkimbi elula engapheli imizuzu eyi-15. Ukuzivocavoca ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela akunconyelwanga ukubola kwesifo, kuncishiswe ukusebenza komzimba.
Ukwelashwa okunjalo akubekelwe ukuguquguquka okubukhali kushukela wegazi, izinkinga zokuqina komfutho wegazi, izifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesibindi nezinso, kanye nokwenziwa kwe-neuropathy ngokwenziwa konyawo lwesifo sikashukela. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokutshela ukuthi yehlisa kanjani ushukela wegazi.
