Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili nolokuqala yisifo esiyingozi, esinokuphazamiseka okuningi okubandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene. Enye yezinkinga ezingezinhle zesifo sikashukela, ezikhula ngo-50% weziguli, kuwukukhubazeka kwe-myocardial.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukuba ne-heart break. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthembela kwe-insulin kungadala isifo sohlangothi esivele ngisho esemncane, okuhlukanisa umuntu onesifo sikashukela kumuntu ophilile.
Ngokuvamile, thayipha isifo sikashukela se-2 kanye ne-myocardial infarction yizifo ezimbi kakhulu ezidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha nokuqashwa njalo kwesimo sempilo.
Izici zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili noma sokuqala imi kanje:
- ukuncishiswa okukhulu kwezikhala;
- ukwanda okunamandla kwe-glucose yegazi, okufaka isandla ekuqoqweni kwe-cholesterol ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi;
- ukwakheka kwezigcawu ze-atherosclerotic nokunye.
Lezi zizathu zibhekwa njengezihamba phambili ekwakhiweni kwezifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary, i.e. i-ischemia, i-arrhythmia, i-angina pectoris, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Kusungulwe ukuthi isifo sikashukela sinomthelela ekushintsheni okukhulu egazini, ngenxa yalokho sithola ukungaguquguquki okuqinile nokubonakalayo. Ngeshwa, esimweni esinjalo, ukufakwa kwe-myocardial kuzothuthuka kakhulu.
Izici zohlelo lwegazi kwizifo sikashukela
Ukwakheka kwezigaba zegazi egazini lomuntu kubangela ukuncipha okukhulu kwezikhala ezitsheni. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile kuyaphazamiseka, okunomthelela ekubonakala kwesifo sohlangothi.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzeka ekusebenzeni kwemisipha yenhliziyo, okukhuphula amathuba okuqhuma, okuyisici sokuphathwa kwe-myocardial infarction. Lo mcimbi ongemuhle uvame ukubulala umuntu.
Nakani! Izifo zenhliziyo ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela i- mellitus zibizwa ngokuthi yinhliziyo yesifo sikashukela.
Imvamisa, lapho kugxilwa ushukela omningi, iphampu yenhliziyo, i-myocardium nokuphompa kwegazi kuhlushwa isifo sikashukela. Kancane kancane, inhliziyo iyanda ngenxa yokuthi ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kukhula ngenxa yokuthi.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, abanesifo sikashukela babhekene nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ngenxa yokuthi banezinkinga eziningi (ngokwesibonelo, kwakheka i-aneurysm). Lo mkhuba uvame ukuphazamisa izinqubo zokuphinda wenze kabusha, okungaholela kwesilonda se-post-infarction. Ngakho-ke, kunethuba lokuthi izicubu zenhliziyo ziklebhule bese umuntu efa.
Ucwaningo oluningi luthe bathola ukuthi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, amathuba okuthi i-myocardial infarction ne-stroke ephakeme kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqina kokuqina kwe-systolic.
Futhi, okuqukethwe kwe-glucose ephezulu kunciphisa inani lezinqubo ze-metabolic. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kumuntu othembela ku-insulin, ukukhula kwesifo sohlangothi kanye nokufakelwa okuncane kwe-myocardial infarction kungaguqulwa kube yi-hemorrhage enkulu egxile kakhulu izikhathi ezi-4 kaningi ngokuqhathaniswa nomuntu ophilile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-angina ihlala ivela, ibonakaliswa yizinhlungu endaweni yesifuba. Uma okungenani kutholakele “uphawu lwenhliziyo” eyodwa, udokotela ubeka ukunqamula nokujikijela kwemikhumbi.
Izimpawu zokuhlasela kwenhliziyo ze-Asymptomatic kanye nesigaba sengozi
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abanesifo sikashukela ababuzwa ubuhlungu enhliziyweni. Iqiniso ngukuthi uhlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela 2 kwehlisa ukuzwela kwezicubu zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, iziguli zingahle zingabuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Kodwa-ke, uma kungekho ukunakekelwa okudingekile, isiguli ngokuqinisekile sizokwakha zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ezithinta hhayi kuphela ngokomzimba, kepha nezomzwelo.
Kubalulekile! Uma kungalashwa, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kungenzeka.
Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuhlonza isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isiguli siphoqelekile ukubheka isimo saso, siqaphela ngokucophelela inkambo yesifo, ngaleyo ndlela sandise impilo yaso.
Iqembu lengozi
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, abantu abanezifo ezinjengesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ne-myocardial infarction bangena esigabeni sobungozi, ikakhulukazi uma bevela kwesinye sezihlobo (emadodeni angaphansi kweminyaka engama-65 futhi bezala abesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-55).
Imithambo yegazi ye-Arterial hypertension kanye ne-hypertension strain, okungathinta kabi umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Futhi umlutha onjengokubhema uphinda ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi kanye nokulimala kwenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nicotine kanye nogwayi ugwayi kuholela ekuwohlokeni masinyane kohlelo lwe-vascular.
Isisindo ngokweqile (isilinganiselo okhalweni emadodeni angaphezu kuka-100 cm, kwabesifazane abangaphezu kuka-90) kubonisa cholesterol ompofu, kwandisa ubungozi be-atherosranceotic plaque futhi kukhombisa ukuvaleka kwezitho zomzimba ezi-arterial coronary.
Ngokuqondene ne-cholesterol, izinga layo eliphakeme licasisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zenhliziyo, kepha izinga eliphansi nalo liyingozi enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi. Ngakho-ke, i-cholesterol kufanele ihambisane nokujwayelekile, futhi ingalawulwa kusetshenziswa idivaysi ekhethekile yokulinganisa i-cholesterol.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangela zokufakelwa kwe-myocardial kungaba okuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwezicubu ze-adipose emzimbeni.
Ngokwalokho okungenhla, kulandela ukuthi ngemuva kokuxilonga nokuthola imbangela yanoma yikuphi ukugula okungehla, umuntu kufanele abhekane nenkambo yokwelashwa, lapho ukudla okubalulekile kuthatha indawo ebalulekile.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwe-myocardial infarction kanye nesifo sohlangothi, kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, okubandakanya:
- Ukuqapha ushukela wegazi. Ukulawula, sebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile netafula elibonisa isilinganiso sokusebenzisa ushukela.
- Ukuqapha ngokucophelela i-cholesterol concentration, ukudla okhethekile kuzosiza.
- Ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuhleliwe yi-endocrinologist kanye ne-cardiologist.
- Ukudla okukhethekile. Okuningi kuncike ekudleni okunempilo, ngoba ukudla okulinganiselayo nokudla okuqinile kusiza ukuvimba ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezingemnandi.
- Isilinganiso sokucindezela kwegazi okuqhubekayo.
- Ukuphumula okugcwele nokulala kahle.
- Ukudla okulungayo, okuyisisekelo sakho okungukudla okungenani okune-carbohydrate.
- Ukulahlwa utshwala nogwayi. Odokotela bathi ukwelashwa ngeke kuqedwe uma umuntu engaqedi imilutha, okuthi ngaphezu kwakho konke, kungadala isifo sohlangothi.
- Ukuhambisana nendlela yokuphila efanele, izakhi zayo ezibalulekile - ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
- Ukuthatha imishanguzo ehlukahlukene enqunywe ngudokotela kanye nokwelashwa okusekela okusekelwe emithini yabantu.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Ngemuva kokuba ingozi yokuqothuka kwe-myocardial isikhonjwe kuhlobo lwe-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kufanele uvakashele udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo kanye ne-endocrinologist ukuqoqa izincomo ezibalulekile ezivela kochwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli kuzodingeka ukuthi sihlolwe ngezigaba eziningi, bese sinqoba ukwelashwa okukhethekile.
Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kahle, ungaqhubeka nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kunazo zonke yi-angioplasty kanye ne-stenting. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kakhulu kunendlela ejwayelekile ye-thrombolytic.
Ukwelashwa kwesimanje kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nesifo sohlangothi kanye ne-myocardial infarction, okusho ukuthi ingozi yokufa nayo incishisiwe.
Nakani! Ukudla okuqinile kakhulu nokwelashwa ngokhahlo kunqunywa udokotela kuphela kulezi ziguli ezisengozini enkulu kakhulu. Njengomthetho, ukwelashwa okunjalo kuyi-radiology yezikhathi ezithile, kuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.
Ukudla okukhethekile
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili nolokuqala kukhuphula kakhulu amathuba okuba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, udokotela unquma ukudla okufanelekile nokuhlinzwa kwe-x-ray ukuphindisela imithambo yegazi. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ngemuva kwamahora ayi-12 kusukela kuqale ukukhipha amazinyo.
Ukuze kusetshenzwe ngempumelelo ekwelapheni cishe noma yisiphi isifo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuvimbela isifo sohlangothi, ukudla okukhethekile kunqunyelwe isiguli. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukukhetha okunempilo kwezitsha nemikhiqizo ngazinye nokulandela uhlobo olunembile lokudla kudla kondla umzimba ngamandla, izinto ezidingekayo namavithamini.
Kulokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukudla okuhlose ukuvimbela ukufakwa kwe-myocardial kanye nesifo sohudo ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kuvunyelwane nodokotela ozoya. Yize kunjalo, udokotela noma umondli wezempilo kuphela ongaqoma ukudla okulinganiselayo nokunempilo ezigulini.
