Ngokusobala, isifo sikashukela savela kanye nokuzalwa kokuphila emhlabeni. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine, abantu nezilwane ezifuywayo behlaselwe yisifo “esimnandi”. Amakati nezinja, kanye nomnikazi, babhekana nengcindezi, baduduza isithandwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, abafowethu abathobelayo abazwela abafowethu abancane ngezinye izikhathi baba nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela.
Ososayensi namanje abaqondi ngokuphelele izimbangela zalesi sifo, kodwaI-psychosomatics yesifo sikashukela ngokusobala ihlotshaniswa nengcindezelo, i-neurosis, nemizwa emibi ende ende.
Umlando kancane
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela zichazwe bonke odokotela abadumile kusukela ezikhathini ze-prehistoric. Ngekhulu lesibili BC, uDemetrios, owapholisa amaGrikhi asendulo, wanikeza lesi sifo igama elithi "isifo sikashukela", elihumusha ngokuthi "ngiyambuka." Ngaleli gama, udokotela wachaza ukubonakaliswa kwesimilo - iziguli ziyaqhubeka nokuphuza amanzi futhi zilahlekelwe, okuwukuthi, uketshezi alugcinwa, lugeleza emzimbeni.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka odokotela bezama ukuvula imfihlo yesifo sikashukela, bethola izimbangela futhi bethola ikhambi, kepha lesi sifo saqhubeka sibulala. Iziguli zohlobo lwe-I zafa zincane, abantu abaguliswa yifomu elizimele le-insulin baphathwa ngokudla nangokuzivocavoca, kepha ukuba khona kwabo kwakubuhlungu.
Umshini walesi sifo wacaca ngokwengeziwe kuphela ngemuva kokuvela kwawo ngekhulu le-19. isayensi ngokusebenza kanye nokwakheka kwezindlala ze-endocrine - endocrinology.
Isazi sokusebenza komzimba uPaul Langerhans sathola amaseli e-pancreatic ahlanganisa i-insulin ye-hormone. Amaseli abizwa ngokuthi "iziqhingi zaseLangerhans, kodwa abanye ososayensi kamuva basungula ukuxhumana phakathi kwabo nesifo sikashukela."
Kuze kube ngu-1921, lapho abantu baseCanada uFrederick Bunting noCharles Best insulin bebodwa beqhamuka emanyengeni ezinja, kwakungekho ndlela yokwelapha yesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu kutholwa, ososayensi bathole kufanelekile ukuthola Umklomelo kaNobel, kanye neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela - amathuba empilo ende. I-insulin yokuqala yatholakala ezinkomeni zenkomo nezingulube, ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kwe-hormone yomuntu kwenzeka ngo-1976 kuphela.
Ukutholwa kwesayensi kwenza impilo yaba lula kwabanesifo sikashukela, kwakwenza kwaba ngcono kakhulu, kepha isifo asikwazanga ukunqotshwa. Isibalo seziguli siyanda minyaka yonke, emazweni athuthukile isifo sikashukela siqala ukuba yibhubhane.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuphela ngemithi ye-insulin kanye nokwehlisa ushukela akusebenzi ngokwanele. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele aguqule kakhulu indlela aphila ngayo, abukeze ukudla kwakhe, futhi alawule nokuziphatha kwakhe. Odokotela baya ngokuya bacabanga ukuthi ama-psychosomatics esifo sikashukela abamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuguquguqukeni kwalesi sifo, ikakhulukazi uhlobo II.
Izimbangela Zengqondo Zesifo Sikashukela
Njengomphumela wezifundo, ubudlelwane batholakala phakathi kokugcwala ngokweqile kwengqondo neglucose yegazi. Uhlelo lwezinzwa lwe-autonomic luhambisana nesidingo samandla ngokwandisa ukugcwala koshukela egazini.
Ngokwesiko, thayipha isifo sikashukela (esincike ku-insulin) kanye nohlobo II (abangahambisani ne-insulin). Kepha kukhona nesifo sikashukela esidala, uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwalesi sifo.
Isifo sikashukela sikashukela
Ngale fomu, ushintsho olungazelelwe emazingeni kashukela luba khona phakathi nosuku. Azikho izizathu ezibonakalayo zokuxhuma, futhi ukungakwazi ukulungisa umthamo we-insulin kuholela ku-hypoglycemia, ikhesa, ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa nemithambo yegazi. Inkambo enjalo yalesi sifo ibonwa ezigulini eziyi-10, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha.
Odokotela bathi i-labile yesifo sikashukela iyinkinga enkulu ngokwengqondo kunaleyokomzimba. Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela lachazwa nguMichael Somogy ngonyaka ka-1939, qhathanisa ukukhishwa kweglucose engavikelekile nochungechunge lokushayisana kwendiza ngenxa yokusebenzisa ngokungafanele ukulawulwa kwendiza okuzenzakalelayo. Abashayeli bezindiza baphendule ngokungafanele kumasiginali we-automation, futhi isidalwa sikashukela siyiphutha ngokuhumusha amazinga kashukela.
Umthamo omkhulu we-insulin ungena emzimbeni, izinga likashukela liyancipha, isibindi “sisiza” nge-glycogen futhi konke kubuyela kokujwayelekile. Njengomthetho, i-hypoglycemia yenzeka ebusuku lapho isiguli silele. Ekuseni uzizwa engathandeki, izinga lakhe loshukela liphezulu. Ephendula izikhalazo, udokotela wandisa umthamo we-insulin, ongahambisani nesimo sangempela sezinto. Ngakho-ke kwakhiwa umbuthano onesihluku, okuyinkinga ukuphuma kuwo.
Ukuze uqinisekise imbangela yokusebenza, kuzodingeka ukukala i-hemoglobin imini nobusuku izinsuku ezingama-7-10 njalo emahoreni ama-4. Ngokusekelwe kula manothi, udokotela uzokhetha umthamo ofanele we-insulin.
Ukuvezwa kwengqondo kwesiguli sikashukela
I-psychosomatics yesifo sikashukela yanoma yiluphi uhlobo ifaka izici zobuntu ezitholakala kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela:
- Ukungavikeleki, imizwa yokushiywa, ukukhathazeka;
- Umbono obuhlungu wokuhluleka;
- Isifiso sokuqina nokuthula, ukuncika kwabathandekayo;
- Umkhuba wokugcwalisa ukusilela kothando nemizwelo emihle ngokudla;
- Imikhawulo ngenxa yokugula imvamisa ibangela ukuphelelwa yithemba;
- Ezinye iziguli zikhombisa ukungayinaki impilo yazo futhi zenqaba konke okukhumbuza ngalesi sifo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuvezwa umbhikisho ngokuphuza utshwala.
Ithonya lezinto ezihambisana nokusebenza kwengqondo kushukela
Isimo sengqondo somuntu sihlobene ngqo nenhlala-kahle yakhe. Akuwona wonke umuntu ophumelela ekugcineni ukulinganisela kwengqondo ngemuva kokuthola isifo esingamahlalakhona. Isifo sikashukela asikuvumeli ukukhohlwa ngokwakho, iziguli ziphoqelelwa ukuba ziphinde zenze izimpilo zazo, ziguqule imikhuba, zinikeze ukudla kwazo ezizithandayo, futhi lokhu kuthinta indikimba yazo engokomzwelo.
Ukubonakaliswa kwezifo zohlobo lwe-I kanye nohlobo II kufana kakhulu, izindlela zokwelapha zihlukile, kepha ama-psychosomatics wesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ahlala engashintshiwe. Izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni onesifo sikashukela zivusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihambisanayo, ziphazamisa ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, imithambo yegazi nobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wesifo sikashukela ku-psyche awunakukhishwa.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nempilo yengqondo
Isifo sikashukela sivame ukuhambisana ne-neurosis kanye nokudangala. Ama-endocrinologists awanombono owodwa ngobudlelwano be-causal: abanye bayaqiniseka ukuthi izinkinga zengqondo zidala lesi sifo, abanye banamathela esimweni esiphambene ngokuyisisekelo.
Kunzima ukusho ngokwezigaba ukuthi izimbangela zengqondo zidala ukwehluleka ku-glucose metabolism. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukwala ukuthi isimilo somuntu esimweni sokugula sishintsha ngokufanele. Njengoba uxhumano olunjalo lukhona, kuye kwakheka umbono wokuthi, ngokwenza i-psyche, noma yisiphi isifo singalapheka.
Ngokusho kokuphawulwa kwezifo zengqondo, kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo kubhekwa kaningi. Ukungezwani okuncane, ukucindezela, izehlakalo ezibangela ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo kungavusa ukuhlukana. Ukusabela kungadalwa ngokukhishwa okunoshukela okunegazi, okuthe umzimba ungasinxephezeli sikashukela.
Onolwazi lwama-endocrinologists kudala babona ukuthi isifo sikashukela kwesinye isikhathi sithinta abantu abadinga ukunakekelwa, izingane ezingenalo uthando lomama, umlutha, esingazwani, ezingakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokuzimela. Lezi zinto zingabangelwa izimbangela ezingokwengqondo zesifo sikashukela.
Ngabe i-psyche ishintsha kanjani kushukela
Umuntu othola ngalokhu kutholwa kwakhe uyethuke. Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngokuyisisekelo siyashintsha impilo ejwayelekile, futhi imiphumela yaso ayithinti ukubukeka nje kuphela, kodwa nesimo sezitho zangaphakathi. Izinkinga zingathinta ubuchopho, futhi lokhu kuvusa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Umphumela wesifo sikashukela ku-psyche:
- Ukudla ngokweqile njalo. Le ndoda ishaqekile ngezindaba zalesi sifo futhi izama "ukubamba inkathazo." Ngokungenisa ukudla ngamanani amakhulu, isiguli sibanga ukulimala okukhulu emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo II.
- Uma ushintsho luthinta ubuchopho, ukukhathazeka nokuphikelela okungapheli kungenzeka. Isimo esivele sikhona sivame ukuphela ekucindezelekeni okungalapheki.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esikhubazekile ngokomqondo zidinga usizo lodokotela ozokwazisa umuntu ngesidingo sezenzo ezihlangene zokunqoba le nkinga. Singakhuluma ngenqubekela phambili ekwelapheni uma isimo sizinza.
Izimpawu ze-Psychosomatic kushukela
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo kutholakala ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwegazi okune-biochemical. Uma isizinda se-hormonal sishintsha, isiguli sizokwabelwa ukubonisana nodokotela onguchwepheshe.
Isifo se-Asthenodepression
Kwisifo sikashukela, isimo sokukhubazeka kwesimo noma isifo sokukhathala okungamahlalakhona siyimpawu, iziguli ezinayo:
- Ukukhathala okuhlala njalo;
- Ukukhathala - ngokomzwelo, ngobuhlakani nangokomzimba;
- Ukusebenza kwehlisiwe;
- Ukucasuka kanye novalo. Umuntu akanelisekile ngakho konke, wonke umuntu kanye naye;
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala, imvamisa yesikhathi sasemini.
Esimweni esitebekile, izimpawu zithambile futhi zelapheka ngemvume nosizo lwesiguli.
I-astheno-depression syndrome engazinzi ibonakaliswa izinguquko ezijulile zengqondo. Isimo asilinganiselwe, ngakho-ke, ukuqapha isiguli njalo kuyinto efiselekayo.
Ngokuya kobukhulu besimo, kunikezwa imishanguzo yokudla futhi kuyalungiswa, okubaluleke kakhulu kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo II.
I-psychosomatics yohlobo lwesifo sikashukela 2 ingalawulwa ngosizo lodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma udokotela oqeqeshiwe wengqondo ofanelekile. Ngesikhathi sezingxoxo nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile, ithonya lezinto ezihlanganisa inkambo yesifo lingathathelwa hlangothi.
Hypochondria syndrome
Lesi simo sikashukela sibhekwa kaningi. Umuntu, ngezindlela eziningi, ngokunengqondo, ukhathazeka ngempilo yakhe, kepha ukukhathazeka kuthatha imvelo ebonakalayo. Imvamisa, i-hypochondriac ilalela umzimba wayo, iziqinisekise ukuthi inhliziyo yayo ishaya ngokungafanele, imithambo ebuthakathaka, njll. Ngenxa yalokho, impilo yakhe iba yimbi ngempela, isifiso sakhe siyanyamalala, ikhanda lakhe libuhlungu, namehlo akhe abe mnyama.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinezizathu zangempela zokungazinzi, isifo sazo esibizwa nge- depression-hypochondriac. Ungalokothi uphazamise imicabango edabukisayo ngempilo ebuthaka, isiguli siphelelwa yithemba, sibhala izikhalazo ngodokotela nentando, izingxabano emsebenzini, sihlambalaza amalungu omndeni ngenxa yenhliziyo.
Ngokudlala ngothando, umuntu uvusa izinkinga zangempela, njengokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi.
I-Hypochondriac-diabetesic kufanele iphathwe ngokuphelele - nge-endocrinologist kanye nodokotela wengqondo (psychiatrist). Uma kunesidingo, udokotela uzonikeza ama-antipsychotic nama-tranquilizer, yize lokhu kungathandeki.
