Insulin

Imijovo ye-insulin iyinto edingekayo yokwelashwa nezindlela zokuvuselela ushukela. Umjovo ophuthelwe ungadala izinkinga eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokweqisa kwe-insulin ivame ukuba nesimpawu esibi kakhulu. Noma yikuphi ukucatshangelwa, izinyathelo ezithile zizodingeka zithathwe ngokushesha ukuze zilondoloze impilo enhle.

Ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, imijovo yama-hormone yenziwa kaningana ngosuku. Kwesinye isikhathi isidingo sokujova i-insulin ezindaweni ezingafanele kakhulu: ezokuthutha zomphakathi, ezikhungweni zomphakathi, emigwaqweni. Ngakho-ke, ama-diulinics ancike ku-insulin kufanele athole ukuthi: i-insulin pump - ukuthi iyini nokuthi isebenza kanjani.

Umzimba womuntu uyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sezinhlelo ezisebenzisanayo, lapho isitho ngasinye sinikezela ukufakwa kwemisebenzi ethile. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umsebenzi wabo unquma ekwakhekeni kwempilo efanelekile. Mhlawumbe cishe wonke umuntu okungenani kanye, kodwa wazibuza ukuthi yisiphi isitho esikhiqiza i-insulin emzimbeni womuntu.

Amakhemikhali asedolobheni lakho angaba nokukhethwa okukhulu noma okuncane kwama-insulin syringes. Zonke zazo ziyasebenziseka, ziyinyumba futhi zenziwe ngeplastiki, zinenalithi ezicijile ezibukhali. Kodwa-ke, amanye amasirinji we-insulin angcono kanti amanye abi kakhulu, futhi sizobheka ukuthi kungani kunjalo. Lesi sibalo esingezansi sikhombisa ukwakheka kwesitringi ejwayelekile sokujova i-insulin. Lapho ukhetha isirinji, isilinganiso esinyatheliselwe kuso sibaluleke kakhulu.

Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ufunde i-athikili “Ultrashort Insulin Humalog, NovoRapid ne-Apidra. I-insulin emfishane yabantu. " Kuyo uzofunda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-insashort kanye nezinqamulelayo ze-insulin, ukuthi zihluke kanjani phakathi kwazo nokuthi yimaphi amacala enzelwe wona. Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokuhlola leli khasi: Lokhu okuqukethwe kuhloselwe iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 ezilandela ukudla okune-carbohydrate ephansi.

Ushukela omningi uwuphawu olukhulu lwesifo sikashukela futhi inkinga enkulu yabanesifo sikashukela. I-glucose ekhuphukile cishe iyimbangela yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Ukusilawula ngempumelelo isifo sakho, kungakuhle ukuthi uqonde kahle ukuthi i-glucose ingena kanjani egazini nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani.

Uhlobo lokulashwa kwe-insulin yimiyalo enemininingwane yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma 2: yiziphi izinhlobo zokushesha kanye / noma zesikhathi eside se-insulin okudingeka ukuthi azifakele; isikhathi sini sokuphatha i-insulin; yini okufanele ibe umthamo wayo.Uhlobo lwe-insulin yokwelapha i-endocrinologist. Akukhathaleki ukuthi kufanele kube yini ejwayelekile, kepha ngaso sonke isikhathi umuntu ngamunye, ngokwemiphumela yokuzilawula ngokuphelele kashukela wegazi phakathi nesonto eledlule.

Izindaba ezimnandi: imijovo ye-insulin ingenziwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kobuhlungu.Kuyadingeka kuphela ukwazi inqubo elungile yokuphatha okungenangqondo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubuphatha isifo sikashukela nge-insulin iminyaka eminingi, futhi isikhathi ngasinye lapho ujova, kubuhlungu. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ujova ngokungalungile. Funda lokho okulotshwe ngezansi, bese wenza - futhi awusoze wakhathazeka ngemijovo ye-insulin.

Uma ufuna (noma ungafuni, kepha impilo ikwenza) qala ukwelapha ushukela wakho nge-insulin, kufanele ufunde okuningi ngakho ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo. Imijovo ye-Insulin iyithuluzi elihle, elihlukile lokulawula isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, kodwa kuphela uma usiphatha lesi sidakamizwa ngenhlonipho efanele.

I-insulin ikhiqizwa kumanyikwe futhi iyi-hormone efundwa kakhulu kwezokwelapha zesimanje. Yenza imisebenzi eminingana, yenziwa ngamaseli e-beta, futhi ilawula izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale nto ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile ukugxilwa koshukela egazini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani elanele le-hormone livimbela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela.

I-insulin yi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu; ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukusebenza okwanele kwezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo akunakwenzeka. Indima eyinhloko ye-insulin ukuthola inani loshukela osegazini kanye nomthethonqubo walo, uma kunesidingo. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi ngezinga elijwayelekile le-glycemia, ukugcwala kwe-insulin kukhuphuka kakhulu.

Lapho kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, umuntu kufanele afake i-hormone insulin emzimbeni nsuku zonke. Ngomjovo, kusetshenziswa amasirinji we-insulin aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile, ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yenziwa lula futhi umjovo uba buhlungu. Uma usebenzisa isirinji ejwayelekile, iziqubu nokulimala kungahlala emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela.

Lapho kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, isiguli sifaka i-insulin emzimbeni nsuku zonke ukuze kulondolozwe amazinga evamile kashukela. Ukwenza umjovo ngendlela efanele, ngaphandle kobuhlungu nangokuphepha, sebenzisa amasirinji e-insulin ngenaliti esikhiphekayo. Ukudla okunjalo kusetshenziselwa futhi ngabasebenza nge-cosmetologists ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kabusha.

Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu ziyaphazamiseka ngenxa yokuvinjwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Uma isiguli singabekelwa ukwelashwa okwanele, ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana kuya ku-hormone kuyancipha, inkambo yalesi sifo iya ngokuba mandundu. Isisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala, lapho umzimba uncike kwi-hormone, imijovo ejwayelekile ye-insulin, ebalulekile kubantu.

Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sigaba sesigaba sezifo ze-endocrine ezenzeka lapho amanyikwe eyeka ukukhiqiza i-insulin. Le hormone iyadingeka ukuze umzimba usebenze ngokuphelele. Ibuyisela amandla umsoco we-glucose - ingxenye ebandakanyeka emsebenzini wobuchopho nezinye izitho zomzimba. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela, isiguli kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi sithathe indawo ye-insulin.

Kaningi, abanesifo sikashukela bancamela ukusebenzisa isirinji ye-insulin, lena indlela eshibhile futhi evame kakhulu yokwazisa i-insulin ye-hormone emzimbeni. Phambilini, izisombululo kuphela ezinokuhlushwa okuncane zinikezwe; i-1 ml yayiqukethe amayunithi angama-40 e-insulin. Kulokhu, abanesifo sikashukela bathola ama-insulin angama-40 e-insulin amayunithi angama-40 e-insulin ku-1 ml.

I-Apidra intela ephindaphindayo ye-insulin yabantu, isithako esisebenzayo esikhulu yi-glulisin. Ubumqoka bomuthi ukuthi uqala ukusebenza ngokushesha kune-insulin yomuntu, kepha isikhathi sezenzo siphansi kakhulu. Uhlobo lomthamo walesi se-insulin yisisombululo sokulawulwa okungaphansi, uketshezi olucacile noma olungenamibala.

Ukuze wenze umuntu azizwe ephilile, udinga ukubheka izinga le-insulin emzimbeni. Le hormone kufanele yanele ukuze ushukela ungabutheli egazini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma kwenzeka kuphazamiseka i-metabolic, udokotela uthola isifo sikashukela. Ukwelashwa kwesigaba esithuthukile sesifo sikashukela kuqukethe ukuphinda kuphinde kuhlanganiswe i-insulin, engeke ikhiqizwe ngumzimba ngokwemvelo.

I-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni ilawulwa ngama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-pancreas - insulin ne-glucagon, futhi kuthinteka nama-hormone e-adrenal gland, i-pituitary gland ne-thyroid gland. Kuwo wonke la mahomoni, yi-insulin kuphela engahlisa ushukela wegazi. Ukugcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile, futhi ngenxa yalokho ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela, kuya ngokuthi kukhiqizwa malini nokuthi mangaki amaseli angaphendula kukho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kungukuhola okuhola phambili kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 lapho ukwehluleka khona emzimbeni we-carbohydrate metabolism. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okufanayo kohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, lapho amangqamuzana omzimba angaboni i-insulin (i-hormone esiza ukuguqula ushukela kube amandla). Lokhu kuyadingeka lapho lesi sifo sishubile ngokubola.