Isimo soshukela ezinganeni ezineminyaka emi-2 nantathu siyehluka ezinkombeni ezisunguliwe zomuntu okhulile, njengoba umzimba wengane ukhula futhi ukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkomba ze-glucose yegazi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi umuntu uneminyaka emingaki, ziyaguquka ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zosuku nokudla, umsebenzi womzimba kanye nesimo sokusebenza kwengqondo.
Ukwanda kwe-glucose ngemuva kokudla, noma ukwehla kweshukela ngenxa yomsebenzi onamandla, kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
Ukushintshashintsha kancane okukhombisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuxilonga kungenzeka kube okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo.
Njengomthetho, ukuncipha kwabo okuqhubekayo noma ukwanda kungawuthinta kabi umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo, kanye nokubangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezinkulu.
Imidwebo ebhekwa njengejwayelekile emikhubeni yezokwelapha
Izinga likashukela wegazi enganeni liyasungulwa ukuze kuthi kube nethuba lokulandela ukubakhona kokuphazamiseka okuningana ekusebenzeni komzimba wonke. Izinga le-glucose likhombisa isimo sezinqubo ze-metabolic, kanye nokuphambuka kusuka kudatha esungulwe ngonyango lwezokwelapha kungakhombisa ubukhona be-pathologies emzimbeni wezingane.
Isimo soshukela wegazi ezinganeni kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwabo kuya kunyaka owodwa weminyaka kusethwa uhla ukusuka ku-2.8 kuya ku-4,4 mmol ilitha ngalinye. Izinkomba ezinjalo ziphansi kakhulu kunabantu abadala, ngoba umzimba wengane uhlala ukhula futhi ukhula. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi, kuze kube cishe iminyaka emibili, izinga loshukela osegazini kufanele okungenani libe ngu-3.3 mmol ilitha ngalinye (umkhawulo omkhulu uthathwa njengophawu lwamamililitha amahlanu ngelitha). Lezi zibalo futhi ziyinto evamile kuzo zonke izingane lapho zifinyelela eminyakeni emihlanu.
Enganeni kusuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwayisithupha, izinkomba zingahluka kusuka ku-3.3 ziye ku-5.6, futhi zihlale kuze kube yilapho ingane ifinyelela eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu.
Namuhla, abaningi banethuba lokulandela amazinga kashukela egazini ekhaya.
Kulokhu, izingane ezineminyaka engu-2-3 ziyanconywa ukuthi zenze ucwaningo elabhorethri ukuze zithole imiphumela ethembeke kakhudlwana.
Kanjani isifundo sokuxilonga?
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla, ungaqhuba isifundo ngoshukela wegazi enganeni eneminyaka emi-2 ekhaya. Ama-Glucometer - amadivaysi wokulinganisa izinkomba ezidingekayo - avame ukutholakala esifubeni semithi yasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthola imiphumela ejwayelekile futhi inembe kakhudlwana, kungcono ukunikezela uhlaziyo kudokotela wezokwelapha osebenzisa amadivaysi ekhethekile elebhu. Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, kukhona inani elikhulu lezinto ezingaphambanisa idatha ekhonjiswe ngemitha.
Ezimweni zelebhu, isampula yezinto zokuhlola - igazi - kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziya okukhethekile. Ezinganeni, igazi lithathwa esithendeni noma ezinzwaneni (hhayi njengakumuntu omdala). Ngakho-ke, usana alizizwa izinhlungu eziqinile ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa.
Inqubo yokwenza amasampula egazi, kanye nakubantu abadala, kufanele yenziwe ngokulandela imithetho nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile.
Amaphuzu aphambili okudingeka unake ngawo ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi likashukela okulandelayo:
- Ngobusuku bokuhlaziywa, ingane akufanele idle emahoreni ayishumi okugcina. Ukuthola imiphumela yocwaningo ethembekile, igazi lithathwa esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni.
- Ukwenza kusebenze izinqubo ze-metabolic, kanye nokuvikela ingane ukuthi ibhekane nendlala enzima, kuvunyelwe ukuthatha amanzi amsulwa noma ezinye iziphuzo ngaphandle koshukela.
- Noma imiphi imidlalo esebenzayo noma umsebenzi womzimba unikela ekwehleni kwe-glucose yegazi. Kungakho kungcono ukugwema imisebenzi enjalo ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa.
Uma imiphumela yocwaningo lokuxilonga ikhombisa okweqile kwedatha yokulawula, kunesidingo sokuhlaziywa okuphindwayo. Kulokhu, amasampula egazi kashukela enziwa ngemuva kokuba ingane ithathe amanzi nge-glucose emsulwa. Lokhu kutholwa kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngomthwalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushukela wegazi ophakeme uwuphawu lwesidingo sokuhlaziywa kwe-glycated hemoglobin.
Imiphumela ekhuphukile etholwe ngemuva kokuhlaziywa ingahle icike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene:
- ukudla kwezingane;
- ukusebenza kwendlela yokugaya;
- izinga lamahomoni ahlukahlukene - i-insulin, i-glucagon, i-hypothalamus, i-adrenal ne-thyroid hormone.
Ababelethi bezingane kufanele bazi ukuthi ukuphambuka kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kungenzeka ngenxa yokubanda kwamuva, izimo ezicindezelayo noma okunye ukushaqeka kwezinzwa.
Yimiphi imiphumela ekhuphukile yoshukela?
Ukuphambuka kokujwayelekile kuya ohlangothini olukhulu kungaba uphawu lokungahambisani nemithetho yokuthatha izivivinyo noma kufakazele ukwephulwa okuhlukahlukene okwenzeka emzimbeni.
Njengomthetho, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwimiphumela etholakele kungabangelwa yizinto ezilandelayo:
- I-Pathology evela kwizitho ze-gland yegilo, i-adrenal gland noma i-pituitary gland.
- Izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwamanyikwe. Ikakhulu kaningi, ukuba khona kwe-neoplasms esitho kuholela ekunciphiseni ekukhiqizeni kwe-insulin ye-hormone.
- Ingane inokukhuluphala kuya ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.
- Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile ekhulisa amazinga kashukela. Imvamisa, le mithi ifaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini le-glucocorticoids kanye nama-anti-inflammatory non-steroids.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela.
- Ukufana kwama-hormone emzimbeni.
Lapho kukhona i-hyperglycemia, ingane kufanele iboniswe ku-endocrinologist, ihlolwe ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga ezizosiza ekuboneni imbangela yangempela yokuphambuka kule ndlela evamile.
Kwezinye izimo, ukwanda kwe-glucose yegazi kungabonakala ngezimpawu ezifanayo kanye nokwehla kwawo. Okokuqala, izimpawu ezinjengalezi zivela ngesimo sekhanda elibuhlungu, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile bezingane nezinyawo ezibandayo enganeni. Kufanele unake ukuba khona kwama-rashes ahlukahlukene esikhumbeni sengane, ukuba khona kwezikhalazo zokumiswa kwe-integument noma izinkinga ngegayiti yokugaya ukudla.
Inkambo ende ye-hyperglycemia ithinta kabi ukukhula kwengane nomsebenzi wobuchopho.
Kungakho, uma kunezimpawu ezithile zivela, kufanele uye ocwaningweni lwezokwelashwa oludingekayo futhi uthintane nodokotela.
Ngabe izinkomba ziwela ngaphansi kwamazinga amisiwe ini?
Ukuphambuka kwidatha eyamukelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya okwenziwe kungakhombisa ukuthuthuka kwezinqubo ezahlukahlukene ezingezinhle emzimbeni wezingane.
Imvamisa, izinga le-hypoglycemic le-glucose egazini lengane libangelwa:
- umntwana uphuza amanzi amancane phakathi nosuku, okungadala ukomisa;
- ukungondleki noma ukubulawa yindlala;
- i-insulinoma;
- ukubukeka kwezifo zomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-gastritis, i-pancreatitis, i-duodenitis, noma i-enteritis;
- izifo ezahlukahlukene ngesimo esingamahlalakhona esivele isikhathi eside;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesistimu yezinzwa. Ushukela okhuphukayo ubonwa nge-pathologies yobuchopho, ukulimala kwayo;
- i-sarcoidosis;
- ubuthi obunezinto ezinobuthi (isb. chloroform).
Njalo ushukela wegazi ophansi njalo kungadala i-hypoglycemia. Lesi sifo sikhula emzimbeni ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Lapho kukhona izinqubo ze-pathological esibindini (ukuvimbela noma ukungapheleli kwe-glycogeneis).
- Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya emathunjini we-patity noma uhlobo lwe-parietal.
- Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile.
- Izinqubo ze-Pathological ezikhula ezinso.
- Ukudla okwanele ama-carbohydrate ngokudla
- Izifo ezihambisana nohlelo lwe-endocrine (hyperinsulinism).
I-Hypoglycemia yohlobo 2 sikashukela, njengomthetho, ihambisana nokudla okungalawulwa enganeni, ukungakwazi ukuthola okwanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane iba nomunyu, inovalo futhi ingacasuki. Izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi i-glucose enganele ifaka:
- ukukhuphuka kokujuluka;
- izandla eziqhaqhazelayo;
- ukwehluleka
- ukugoba emisipha yemilenze.
I-hypoglycemia yesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele ingadala i-hypoglycemic coma.
UDkt Komarovsky kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko uzokhuluma ngezici kanye nokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni.
