Izinhlobo, izimpawu kanye necebo lokwelashwa i-pancreatitis

Ama-pancreas ayingxenye yezinhlelo ezimbili zomzimba ngasikhathi sinye - ukugaya kanye ne-endocrine.

Ngaphandle kwesisindo esiphansi (cishe amagremu angama-70), iqhaza laso ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwalezi zinhlelo likhulu kakhulu.

Yenza umsebenzi we secretion yangaphandle, ikhipha ujusi we-pancreatic we-duodenum. Ine-enzymes ezi-3 - i-lipase, i-trypsin ne-amylase.

Omunye umsebenzi womzimba ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni alawula izinhlobo eziningana ze-metabolism - amaprotheni, i-lipid ne-carbohydrate. Ama-hormone ama-5 ahlanganiswe ngensimbi, kufaka phakathi i-insulin, i-glucagon.

I-pancreatitis ukuqubuka kwamanyikwe. Ukubaluleka kwesitho kokugaya nezinqubo ze-metabolic kuholela ekukhuleni kwezinguquko ezibalulekile esimweni sesiguli nokusebenza okuphazamisekile komzimba wonke.

Yini i-pancreatitis, futhi kungani iyingozi?

Kuma-pancreas (ama-pancreas), kukhiqizwa ujusi we-pancreatic, obese uhanjiswa ngemithanjana ungene emathunjini inqubo yokugaya. Ama-Enzymes enza i-hydrochloric acid yejusi esiswini ibe nesandla ekuqhekekeni kwezakhi zamathumbu emathunjini.

Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zesitho kuholela ekutheni kuvalwe izindlela zokuphuma kwejusi mahhala. Ingena endle bese iqala ukusebenza ngezicubu zayo - iyazigaya.

Ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe kuholela ekwehlulekeni kokukhiqiza ujusi, ukwakheka kwalo kanye nenani lanele ekugayweni okuvamile. Ama-Neoplasms namatshe avimbela umphumela ojwayelekile wama-enzyme angaba ngumthombo owengeziwe womsebenzi we-gland ophazamisekile.

Ijusi le-pancreatic, lingenakho ukuphuma ngaphandle, lisebenza ngqo kusitho. Ama-enzymes abulala ama-pancreas ngokoqobo. Inqubo iyashesha, izicubu ze-necrosis zingakhula. Inqubo yokuvuvukala ithinta nezitho eziseduze.

Inqwaba yama-toxin idedelwa egazini, ebulala wonke umzimba, ukudakwa kwenzeka. Ubuthi obukhulu, inhliziyo, amaphaphu nobuchopho kuyahlupheka. Ukuxilongwa nge-pancreatitis ebukhali kungakhula ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izimbangela ze-pancreatic pathology

Isizathu sokukhula kwe-pancreatitis ukubambezeleka kwejusi le-pancreatic ku-gland, ukwephulwa kokuphuma kwayo. Ukuhlaselwa ngamandla kutholakala kakhulu ngenxa yokuphuza utshwala nokuvimbela ukukhishwa kwama-enzyme ngenxa yamatshe (isifo se-gallstone).

Ungahlukanisa izimbangela ze-pancreatitis eyingozi ngamaqembu ama-3:

1. Ukugqagqana komsele kanye nokubambezeleka okuphumela kuma-enzyme e-gland. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yamatshe, izimila kanye ne-pathologies yezicubu eziseduze.
2. Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme ngaphezulu kwenani elidingekayo.
3. Ukuphonsa i-bile kwi-duct ye-pancreatic.

Izici ezahlukahlukene zokuphila ezinganeni nakubantu abadala kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwalezi zimbangela.

Kubantu abadala

Izimbangela ezivamile zokukhula kwefomu elibi nokudlanga kwezifo ezingelapheki yilezi:

• amaphutha okunomsoco - ukudla ngokweqile, uthando lwamafutha, ukudla okunezipayisi, ukudla okungajwayelekile;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile;
• ukulimala kwesisu, kufaka phakathi ubunzima ngemuva kokuhlinzwa;
• amatshe emigqonyeni ye-bile;
• izifo ze-endocrine (isifo sikashukela i-mellitus) kanye ne-vascular pathologies enokungena gazi kwe-pancreas;
• imiphumela yokutheleleka ngegciwane;
• i-oncological pathologies, ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Imbangela ejwayelekile yokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo emadodeni ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala kuhlangene nokudla okunamafutha amaningi. Ngisho igama elithi "pancreatitis yotshwala" likhona. Lesi sifo sivame ukuthinta ama-bachelors adla ukudla okulula kanye nama-sandwich.

Ezinye izinto ezidala lesi sifo kubantu besifazane uthando lokudla nokudla indlala. Ukudla okungenakulinganiselwa kudala umthwalo owengeziwe emzimbeni. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Hormonal, ukukhulelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo nakho kuholela ekuqhakambisweni kwalesi sifo.

Imininingwane ngesibalo se-pancreatitis iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo, isimo sezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yamasiko okudla, ukuthambekela kwenani labantu ukuphuza utshwala kanye nokuthandwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-gastronomic.

Ividiyo emayelana nezimbangela nezimpawu ze-pancreatitis:

Ezinganeni

Amasosha omzimba athuthukile ezinganeni kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi zivame ukuthambekela ezinhlotsheni zezifo ezinzima.

Kungadala i-pancreatitis enganeni:

• ukungahambi kahle ekudleni, ekudleni okukhulu phakathi kokudla;
• izimuncagazi (ikakhulukazi, izibungu);
• ukungahambi kahle komkhiqizo emikhiqizweni;
• i-cystic fibrosis - i-pathology yokuzalwa;
• ukusetshenziswa kokudla okungakulungele ubudala, izinongo, usawoti, ukudla okusheshayo;
• ukukhathala nokwanda kokuzivocavoca komzimba, ezinganeni esezikhulile, amakilasi ngemuva kwesikole emibuthanweni, izigaba, ezikhundleni;
• ukuhlukumezeka esifundeni sesisu.

I-Pathology ingaqhamuka njengesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi yokutheleleka ngegciwane noma ngegciwane (inkukhu, inkukhu, umiyane), nezinye izinkinga zethumbu lesisu. I-dysbacteriosis ivame ukuholela ekwakhiweni kwefomu elingapheli ezinganeni.

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Komarovsky:

Izinhlobo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwalesi sifo

I-pancreatitis ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ngenxa yokuvela kwe:

1. Okuyinhloko kwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo wezicubu ze-pancreatic. Kubangelwa amaphutha wokudla okunempilo, ubuthi obunobuthi obunemithi, imikhiqizo. Imbangela ingaba yisihlahlo sofuzo kanye nezifo zokuzala. Ukuvuvukala kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okwanele kungabuyisela izicubu zezitho ezijwayelekile.
2. Ifomu lesibili (elisebenzayo) linqunywa uma ukuvuvukala sekuthuthukile ngenxa yezinye izifo. Imbangela ingaba yisifo i-gallstone (cholelithiasis), izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izilonda ezihlasimulisa umzimba zepheshana lesibindi, isifo senhliziyo. Impumelelo yokwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis kuleli cala incike ekuboneni nasekuqothulweni kwezimbangela, okungukuthi, isifo esiyinhloko. Imvamisa lezi zizathu azikwazi ukusungulwa futhi ziqedwe.

Imvamisa imbangela yokuvuvukala yi-gastritis, i-biliary dyskinesia.

I-pancreatitis igcwele futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.

Ifomu elibi libonakala ngokuqala ngokushesha kokuvuvukala, ukwanda okubukhali kwezimpawu. Ijusi le-pancreatic, eliqina emanyikwe yi-pancreas, liqala ukucekela phansi amaseli alo. Umzimba wendlala ukhuphuka ngosayizi ngenxa ye-edema. Ifomu elinamandla libukeka kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-30 kuye kwengama-60 nezingane.

Uhlobo lwesifo olungamahlalakhona lwenzeka ngesimo sezikhathi zokuqhakaza kanye nokwaziwa kwezimpawu. Isigaba sokuqala akuvamisile ukuba nokuwohloka okubukhali. Ngalesi sikhathi, izicubu ze-pancreatic zilahlekelwa umsebenzi wazo futhi zithathelwa indawo izicubu ezithintekayo. Ama-enzymes nama-hormone akhiqizwa ngamanani amancane, futhi awasakwazi ukunikeza izinqubo zokugaya okuphelele nezinqubo ze-metabolic.

Ngokwephula ekudleni noma kwengcindezi, ukukhipha umfutho kuqala. Ngokushintshwa okukhulu kwezicubu, izimpawu ezingapheli zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-pancreatic ziyabonakala.

Izimpawu nezimpawu

I-Symbomatology yamafomu ihluka kakhulu. Ukuvela okungapheli ekuqaleni kwesifo akunazimpawu ezisobala.

Ifomu elisebenzayo

Ukubambezeleka kwama-enzyme emsebeni kuholela ekubhujisweni kwezicubu zayo. Okuqukethwe kwamafutha kuyenyuka, ukuvuvukala kuyanda. I-Necrosis (ukufa) kwezicubu ingakhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokwemvelo ye-aseptic, inqubo ikhula kancane kunokutheleleka.

Izimpawu:

• ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa ngenhla kwe-38º, ukukhuphuka kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (ngenhla kwe-90), ukwehla kwengcindezi (ngaphansi kuka-90 mm / Hg);
• ukushintshana kokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo, ezingcebeni zokugaywa kokudla okungaphanjwanga;
• isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nge-bile;
• ubuhlungu obukhulu ngaphansi kwezimbambo nemibhande, mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kokuqunjelwa kobuhlungu ngokulahlekelwa ukwazi;
• umlomo owomile, ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla;
• ukunamathela kolimi, ukugoqa, ama-hiccups;
• ukuqhakaza nokuxinana kwesisu;
• izinguquko emthunzini wesikhumba - i-pallor to blue, yellowness of the sclera;
• ukukhuphuka kokujuluka, ukunciphisa umzimba, umuzwa wobuthakathaka.

Isimo sesiguli sibi kakhulu futhi sidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu azibi kakhulu, iziguli ziyakubekezelela ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa. Lokhu kusongela ngokulimazeka okukhulu komsebenzi we-pancreatic.

Ukubuka okungapheli

Ubuhlungu buzwakala endaweni efanayo - i-hypochondrium, inikezwa ngemuva, yiba nomlingiswa ohlanganayo. Ngokuvuvukala okukhulu kwamanyikwe, izitho ezizungezile nazo zibuhlungu. Kuboniswa ukuncipha kobuhlungu ngoshintsho esimweni somzimba - imithambeka nama squats.

Ukuqothuka kubhebhethekisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nokudla okusindayo.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo emadodeni nakwabesifazane ziyefana. Izimpawu ze-pancreatitis emadodeni zivame ukuvela ngemuva kwemibuthano enobungane notshwala, izimpawu kwabesifazane zivame ukwenzeka ngemuva kokuzama ukudla okusha noma ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kweholide.

Ezinye izimpawu:

• isifo sohudo, kulandelwa ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu esiphikelelayo, ngesinye isikhathi ukugabha;
• izingcezu ezingagxilisiwe ezindlebeni nasekuhlanzeni;
• ukungakhululeki esiswini, i-belching, hiccups;
• njalo
• ukuhlala uzizwa ungathandeki, ukunciphisa umzimba, ukujuluka.

Ubuthi obuqhubeka kancane kancane bomzimba obunamakha anobuthi ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwezicubu zomzimba kuholela ekukhathaleni ngokushesha, ukungabekezeleleki.

Ngokuhlaselwa kakhulu ekhaya, kufanele wenqabe ukudla, ugcine ukulala kombhede. Ukubanda kungafakwa njalo emahoreni ama-2 imizuzu eyi-10-15.

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Malysheva:

Izinkinga

I-pancreatitis ngesinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi asidluleli emavikini amabili phakathi kokuqala nokuqala kwezinkinga.

Ifomu le-acute lihambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, imvamisa ukwethuka kobuhlungu. Izimpawu zokudakwa zanda ngokushesha - ukwanda kwesikhumba, ukuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwezinso, ukutholakala kwemithambo yegazi engeyona kahle ngenxa yemikhiqizo yokubola.

Ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula esifubeni kungavela. Ama-enzymes angayitholi indlela yokuphuma nokuqwabelana endlebeni angadala ukutheleleka ne-purulent foci. I-Peritonitis kungenzeka. Ukufa kwezingxenye zomzimba kuholela ekwehlulekeni kokuqhubeka kokugaya. Lapho ingxenye ye-endocrine ye-gland, iziqhingi zaseLangerhans, ilimele, ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kuyawohloka.

Kulesi sifo esingamahlalakhona, ama-pathologies wezitho ezihambisana ne-pancreas athuthuka. Lawa amaqhubu wesibindi ne-bile, kancane kwamaphaphu. IHepatitis, cholecystitis, ngisho ne-pneumonia kungaba ngumngane we-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona.

Ukulimala kwezicubu ze-pancreatic kuholela ekuguqukeni kwayo, ekwakheni ama-cysts, futhi kwesinye isikhathi umdlavuza. Ezimweni eziningi, i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi iba.

Imbangela enkulu yokufa kwe-pancreatitis ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala kwe-purulent kanye nokufakwa kwe-sepsis.

Izindlela Zokuxilonga

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwesiguli kunikeza isithombe salesi sifo. Nge-pancreatitis, ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala kwama-pancreas kungabonakala ngesimo sobuhlungu kanye nokwenza kwabo kwasendaweni.

Izifundo ezabelwe:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile, i-biochemical, enkombeni ye-alpha-amylase - bonisa ukuvuvukala, i-anemia, i-pancreatic phenomena;
• igazi lama-electrolyte - likuvumela ukuthi ubone ukulahleka komzimba bese ubuyisela izakhi zomzimba;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal (Coprogram) - ukuzimisela kwe-pancreatic elastase;
• ukuhlaziywa komchamo ojwayelekile;
• I-Ultrasound - ikhombisa ubukhulu nemikhawulo yesitho, isebenzisa ushintsho kwezicubu, ukungahambisani, ukunwetshwa kwemisele, imisele;
• i-radiography isetshenziselwa ukunquma amatshe;
• I-CT, i-MRI - isiza ekuboneni ukubalwa, ukushintshwa emihumeni, isimo samanyikwe kanye nezitho eziseduze;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic kwe-bile ducts (i-ERCP) - isifundo esinolwazi, sinqunyelwe uma kunesidingo.

Ezimweni ezinzima, bangabeka isampula yezicubu ze-biopsy. Kwenziwa ukuhlonza izinga le-necrotic phenomena futhi kunqume ama-ejenti afanele wokutheleleka. Udokotela we-gastroenterologist ubandakanyeka ekuxilongeni nasekwelashweni. Ikhodi engu-10 ye-ICD yefomu elibuhlungu yi-K85, K86 yisifo se-pancreatitis esingapheli.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwefomu elibuhlungu kwenziwa esibhedlela.

Amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa anqunyelwe:

1. Ama-Painkiller, antispasmodics - I-No-shpa, Iplatifillin, iBaralgin, iPentazocine, i-Gastocepin. Ngobuhlungu obukhulu - i-Promedol.
2. Izidakamizwa ze-diuretic ukususa imikhiqizo yokubola nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala - i-Lasix.
3. Izidakamizwa ze-Antisecretory - i-Omeprazole, i-Cimetidine.
4. Ama-Probiotic - Bifiform yokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wamathumbu.
5. Ama-enzymes - i-Enzystal, iPancreatin.
6. Ama-antibiotic - Doxycycline, Ampiok ukukhipha noma ukwelapha ukutheleleka.
7. I-antiemetic - Cerucal ukuvikela ukomisa.

Ukwelashwa kokubukeka okungamahlalakhona, faka lokhu:

• izakhiwo eziqukethe amavithamini A, B, E, D, K;
• ukulungiselela kwama-enzyme - i-Festal, i-Digestal, i-Creon, i-Pancreatin;
• ama-painkiller - I-Gastocepin, i-Papaverine, i-Analgin, iKetanov;
• ama-antioxidants - iHypoxene, i-Unitiol;
• ama-immunomodulators - uTimogen, Amiksin;
• i-secretolytics yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwejusi le-pancreatic - i-Nizatidine, i-Omeprazole.

Ekwelapheni i-pancreatitis yanoma yiluphi uhlobo, ukudla kuyadingeka. Ngokubonakaliswa okubukhali kwalesi sifo, kuboniswa indlala.

Esigabeni esibi, kuboniswa indlala nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi amaminerali kanye nomhluzi we-rosehip izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kokuthuthukisa lesi simo, okusanhlamvu kanye nama-decoction anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-gluten kuyangezwa ekudleni.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatitis kwenziwa ngezindlela ezibucayi nezingapheli zesifo. I-pancreatitis e-acute idinga ukuhlinzwa, uma kungenakwenzeka ukuqinisa isimo sokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, ukuzila ukudla kanye nokudla. Kwenziwa nge-tisc necrosis, ama-abscesses ku-gland, cholecystitis kanye ne-peritonitis.

Ngokulimala okukhulu kwesitho, izindawo ezithinteke kakhulu zivikelelwa ukuvikela ukusakazeka kwezilonda ezihlanzekile kanye necrosis.

Ekukhambeni okungapheli kwe-pancreatitis, imisebenzi yenziwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• i-neoplasms enobungozi;
• amatshe emigqonyeni ye-bile;
• isifo sezinhlungu esingavinjelwa;
• i-stenosis ye-bile noma i-pancreatic ducts;
• ukopha.

Izinhlobo eziningana zomsebenzi zenziwa, kwesinye isikhathi kufanele zihlanganiswe.

Ukuthuthumela nokubukeka kwengxenye yesitho kwenziwa lapho i-necrosis ithinte kuphela izingxenye ezithile zamanyikwe.

Ukwelashwa komzimba

Izindlela zokwelapha ngokomzimba zisetshenziswa esikhathini sokwelashwa kabusha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa nangendlela engapheli yesifo ekuxolelweni.

Izinqubo ezilandelayo zikhonjiswa kuma-pancreas:

• i-magnetotherapy;
• ukwelashwa kwe-laser;
• i-electrophoresis ngezidakamizwa;
• ukwelashwa ngodaka;
• ukuvezwa kwe-ultrasound.

Izinqubo zithuthukisa izinqubo ze-metabolic kanye nokunikezwa kwegazi emzimbeni, zithuthukise ukwelashwa kwamanxeba ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukuvimbela

Izindlela zokuvimbela imigomo yempilo enempilo. Phakathi kwazo, enye yezinto eziphambili ukwenqaba kotshwala. Ukudla okunempilo kuzosiza ukwehlisa umthwalo kumanyikwe. Ukudla ama-fractional - izikhathi ezi-5-6 ngosuku. Kufanele uyeke ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha ezishisayo nezibandayo. Izindlela zokupheka ezinconyiwe ziyabilisa, ziyadonsa futhi ziyabola.

Izitsha zenyama zilungiswa kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamafutha amancane enyama, ikakhulukazi eyosiwe - ngesimo se-pastes, cutlets, soufflé, casseroles. Yonke imikhiqizo yobisi engenawo fat ivumelekile. Le mithetho ihambelana nokudla No. 5.

Ukudla okunconyiwe kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa umthwalo kuma-pancreas:

1. Amavithamini we-B - athuthukisa izinqubo ze-metabolic, andise i-hemoglobin, aqinise imithambo yegazi.
2. Ama-enzymes - I-Pancreatin, iMezim, iFestal - yenzela ukuntuleka emzimbeni, ukusiza ukugaya.
3. Ama-antispasmodics wesifo sokuqaqamba kwamathumbu - iDuspatalin.

Ngemuva kokuphela kwesigaba esibi noma sokuxolelwa, kukhonjiswa indlela yokwelashwa ezindaweni zokuphumula ezinamanzi ane-bicarbonate. Ukulandela ukudla kufanele kube yindlela yokuphila, uma kungenjalo ukusebenza kwamanyikwe kuzolahleka.