Yini i-coronary artery atherossteosis cardiossteosis?

I-Aortic atherosclerosis yisifo esibi kakhulu esihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi. Nge-pathology, ama-cholesterol plaque afakwa ezindongeni ze-vascular, eba imbangela yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga. Isigaba esinganakwa sisongela ukukhubazeka futhi nokufa.

I-aorta i-artery enkulu kunazo zonke edlula emjikelezweni omkhulu wokujikeleza kwegazi. Kuthatha ukuqala kwayo ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele. Ngokuya ngendawo, i-atherossteosis ayisiyo i-stenotic futhi i-stenosing.

Esimweni sokuqala, ukubekwa kwamathafa e-atherosclerotic kwenzeka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, kuthi kwesesibili, ngaphakathi emithanjeni yegazi. Lapho i-valve yonakele, amaqembu ayasakazeka emaphethelweni ayo. Uma impande ye-artery ilimele, le ndawo iyahlanganiswa, futhi nemikhumbi emincane etholakala eduzane nayo iyabanjwa.

Lesi sifo sikhula kanjani?

Kuyazuzisa ukuqonda ukuthi kuyini isifo sokuqina kwemithambo ye-aorta kanye nemithambo ye-coronary. Imvamisa, imbangela ye-pathology ingukuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwe-cholesterol embi egazini. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-lipid metabolism iphazamiseka futhi kungalingani kwamafutha emzimbeni womuntu.

Ama-lipid angena emithanjeni ngegazi futhi afakwa ngesimo se-cholesterol ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. Zithola endaweni eyodwa, ziqala ukukhula, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-plagi atherosclerotic. Endaweni ethintekile, izicubu ze-fibrous ziyakheka, ngenxa yalokho imithambo iba mnene, inelastic, nokucaca kuzo kunciphe.

Ukwakheka kwe-cholesterol kwesinye isikhathi kuyaphuka, okunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi, kucasule ukuqongelela kwamaplatelet kanye nokwakheka kwe-thrombosis. Imithambo incipha ngokwengeziwe futhi indlala ye-oksijini iyakhula. Uhlelo lwezinhliziyo luthinteka ikakhulukazi kulokhu.

• Ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo inyuka ngeminyaka, iningi labesilisa abagulayo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-45 ubudala. Kwabesifazane, ukukhula kwe-pathology kuqala ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, lapho isizinda se-hormonal sishintsha.
• Kunezimbangela ezisuswayo, ezibandakanya ukuhola impilo yokuhlala phansi, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala, ukubhema, ukungondleki ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate asheshayo.
• Izici ezisusayo ezibandakanya ukukhuluphala, i-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izifo ezithathelanayo kanye nokudakwa komzimba okungapheli.
• Imbangela engenakulungiswa yiminyaka yeminyaka engama-40 kuye kwengama-50, kanye nefa.

Izimpawu ze-Aortic Atherossteosis

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini i-cardiosclerosis kanye ne-atherosclerosis ye-aorta yemithambo ye-coronary, udinga ukuzijwayeza izimpawu eziphambili ze-pathology. Izimpawu zincike ekutheni isifo sitholakala kuphi.

Uma i-atherosclerosis isakazekela kwi-aortic valve, inhliziyo yenhliziyo yesiguli iyaqina, ukudonsa kuzwakala ekhanda nasentanjeni, kubuhlungu noma kucindezele inkinga esifundeni senhliziyo.

Futhi, i-pathology ihambisana nokuphefumula komoya, ikhanda, i-tinnitus, ukukhuphuka kokujuluka, ukudinwa, ukukhathala, ukufoka.

Ngomonakalo we-arc, izimpande ze-aortic kanye nemithambo ye-coronary, ungabona izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo, i-angina pectoris, ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Izimpawu zibonakaliswa ngendlela yokushiswa noma ukucindezela kobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula, isicanucanu, isiyezi, ukugxagxuma ekucindezelweni kwegazi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

1. Uma i-atherosclerosis ye-aorta itholakala esifundeni se-arch, isiguli sizwa izinhlungu ezinzima, ezinikezwa engalweni yangakwesobunxele, ehlombe noma ehlombe. Usizi lungakhula ngokuxineka nokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba. Ngokungafani ne-angina pectoris, isimo esifanayo ngeke simiswe ngeNitroglycerin.
2. Lapho ukuphefumula nokuphefumula kubhekwa, ngithola ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Kulesi simo, i-arc ingakhula ngosayizi, ifake ingcindezi ezinhlungwini ezisetshenziswayo kanye ne-trachea. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungaba nzima kumuntu ukugwinya.
3. Ukulimala esifundeni se-thoracic sehla kungahlulelwa ngokuphefumula komoya, izinhlungu ku-sternum, palpitations, ushintsho ekulahlekelweni yizwi, isiyezi kanye nekhanda, ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo, ukuvela kobuso nobunzima bokugwinya.
4. Nge-aortic atherosclerosis esifundeni sesisu, isiguli sizwa izinhlungu esiswini ngemuva kokudla. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, usizi lunyamalale. Futhi, isisu sesiguli siyajuluka, kukhona ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo, futhi isifiso sokudla siyancipha. Imvamisa isiguli sinciphisa isisindo ngokushesha.

Uma i-pathology ibonwa esifundeni sokudla semithambo yesinxele yangakwesobunxele nakwesobunxele, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi emikhawulweni engezansi kuyaphazamiseka.

Ngasikhathi sinye, imilenze ibanda kakhulu, ukubindeka, ukuvuvukala, izicubu neminwe kube buthaka, izilonda zakha ezinyaweni.

Imiphumela ye-pathology

Lesi sifo siyingozi ngoba uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufanele singadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Nge-atherosclerosis ye-cardiac aorta, i-artery wall bulge, okuholela ekuphazamisweni kwe-myocardium futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Isiguli sinomoya omfushane wokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zomzimba, nokwanda kwezicubu.

Ngokudwayika kwezindonga nokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm, umphumela obulalayo uvame ukwenzeka. Kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele uma umuntu ekhombisa izimpawu zokuthi uvalwe ngamehlo abukhali, ukudonsa kwemithambo yomlomo wesibeleko, ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukubukeka kokuphefumula okungasho lutho.

Uma ukusakazeka kwe-atherosclerosis kwenzeka ku-valve yemithambo ye-coronary, kunengozi enkulu yokufa komuntu. Lapho i-arc ithinteka, unhlangothi, ukulahleka kwenkulumo, ukukhubazeka komzimba, ukusikwa kuvame ukwenzeka. I-Thoracic aortic atherossteosis iyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-aneurysm ngokuqhuma okungenzeka.

Ukulimala kwe-aorta yesisu kubangela i-visceral artery thrombosis. Isiguli sivele sigule, kanti isiguli sikhononda ngobuhlungu besisu obukhulu. I-spasm imvamisa ayiduki, noma ngabe uphuza umuthi we-antispasmodic noma wezinhlungu. Kubalulekile ukunikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufika ngesikhathi ukuze uvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-peritonitis ye-peritoneum noma i-necrosis yama-loops amathumbu.

Ukubandakanyeka okukhulu okungathi sína ukuthuthukiswa:

• Ukwehluleka kwangempela, ngenxa yokunikezwa kwegazi okungekuhle, amangqamuzana ayafa kancane kancane futhi athathelwe indawo izicubu ezithintekayo;
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngenxa yokwephulwa kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi ezinso nasetshenzisweni kohlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone;
• I-Angina pectoris enegazi elinganele ukuya kuyi-myocardium;
• I-Ischemia yezitho nezicubu ngenxa yokubulawa yindlala okungapheli komoya;
• Ukuntuleka kwemithambo ye-acute noma ukuwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis ye-aorta kanye nemithambo ye-coronary

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kuqukethe ukuhlolwa kweziguli, ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngokusetshenziswa kwelebhu kanye nokuthatha i-anamnesis. Ngesikhathi sokuvuma, kutholakala izimpawu ze-pathology, umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa, isisindo somzimba silinganiswa, izimbangela kanye nezici ze-aortic atherosclerosis zinqunywa.

Isiguli kufanele sihlole igazi ukuze sihlole izinga le-cholesterol embi nokuhle, sithole ukunakekelwa kwama-triglycerides. I-electrocardiogram yenziwa ukuhlola isimo semisipha yenhliziyo. Kusetshenziswa i-angiography ne-aortography, imithambo yegazi ihlolwa izilonda, ukubala kanye ne-aneurysm.

Ukutadisha imithambo ye-coronary, i-coriary angiography yenziwa. Usebenzisa i-ultrasound, udokotela angathola ukuthi:

1. Ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi okuyinhloko kuye kwehleme kangakanani;
2. Yiliphi izinga lokuncipha kwe-lumen ye-vascular;
3. Ingabe kukhona izingqinamba nokugoqwa kwegazi emikhunjini;
4. Ingabe ikhona i-aneurysm?

Ukunquma ijubane lokuhamba kwegazi ku-atherossteosis, i-rheovasography yenziwa. Kusetshenziswe i-computer tomography, x-ray. I-Aortography inikeza ulwazi olunembile kakhulu mayelana nendawo nosayizi we-aneurysm.

Kungenzeka ukwelapha lesi sifo ngosizo lwezindlela zesimanje zokwelapha, kodwa okokuqala kubalulekile ukuthi uphinde ubheke kabusha ukudla okudlayo, ungene kwezemidlalo bese uqala ukuziphilela impilo enempilo.

Ngokuya kokubuyekezwa kodokotela, ukudla okhethekile okwelapha kusiza kahle kakhulu. Isiguli kufanele senqabe ngangokunokwenzeka:

• Ukudla okunamafutha;
• Ukudla kwamafutha we-Trans
• Ukudla okunosawoti;
• Amaqanda
• Ushukela ocolisisiwe;
• Itiye elinamandla nekhofi.

Kuhle kufakwe kuzithelo zokudla, imifino, izigaxa zemikhiqizo yobisi enamaphesenti amancane wamafutha, namakhekhe avela okusanhlamvu okuphelele, inhlanzi, izinkukhu. Ngosizo lokudla okulinganiselayo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba, kungenzeka ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo, okubaluleke kakhulu kuma-atherosulinotic deposits.

Ngisho nokuvivinya umzimba ejwayelekile kwansuku zonke kunganciphisa ukugcwala kwama-lipid ayingozi. Kepha ukwenza ngcono lesi simo kuyadingeka ukuyeka ukubhema futhi uyeke ukuphuza utshwala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela unquma umuthi wokuqeda izimpawu ze-aortic atherosclerosis.

1. Ngosizo lwama-statins, izinga le-cholesterol egazini liyancishiswa ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwalo ngumzimba. Kepha izidakamizwa ezinjalo zinemiphumela emibi ngendlela yokusebenza kwesibindi.
2. Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol enhle, yehlisa ukuqoqwa kwama-triglycerides, thatha i-nicotinic acid kanye nokuphuma kwayo. Le mishanguzo ingadala imiphumela emibi ngendlela yokuqunjelwa, i-vasodilation, ubomvu besikhumba, ipheshana lesisu elicasukile.
3. Izikhathi zokuhlalisa ziyabekwa futhi, ezisebenza ku-cholesterol futhi ziyisuse emzimbeni. Amaphilisi anjalo empeleni awubangeli imiphumela, kepha kwesinye isikhathi isiguli siba ne-nausea, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuqunjelwa, ukuthopha.
4. Ukucindezela ukwakheka kwama-triglycerides esibindini futhi kusheshiswe ukuphuma kwabo egazini, kusetshenziswa imicu ye-fibrate. Izidakamizwa zingaba nomthelela omubi ohlelweni lwezinzwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziba nomthelela ekubumbeni, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo.
5. Ngokuzibandakanya kwe-beta-blockers, ubuhlungu obukhulu buyasuswa, umfutho wegazi uyancipha. Kepha kufanele kuqashelwe, ngoba le mishanguzo inganciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ibe nomphumela onobuthi emzimbeni, amazinga aphansi eglucose kanye nesifo somoya esinyusa.

Ezimweni ezinzima, lapho amaphilisi engasizi, ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kwenziwa. Ngosizo lwe-angioplasty, imikhumbi elimele iyabuyiselwa futhi ilambu labo landiswe. Ukulungisa ukuhamba kwegazi okungenampilo, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass.

Lapho kutholakala i-aneurysm, kwenziwa umsebenzi wokuwukhipha, isiza esikude sithathelwa indawo indawo yokwenziwa. Uma indandatho ye-aortic ivaliwe, i-valve iyasuswa bese ithathelwa indawo ngeyabanye. Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwe-aneurysms, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokuphuthumayo.

Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela futhi esigabeni sokuqala sesi sifo, amakhambi abantu abaziwayo asiza kakhulu. Zisetshenziswa kuphela njengesijobelelo ekwelashweni okuyinhloko.

• I-300 g yegalikhi ehlutshiwe, inqunywe, ibekwe embizeni yengilazi bese ithululela ama-500 ml we-vodka. Umuthi ugcizelelwa amasonto amathathu, emva kwalokho kuthathwe amaconsi angama-20 nsuku zonke, phambilini abehlanjululwe ngobisi.
• Ngenye indlela, ugarliki uhlanganiswa noju ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-2. Ingxube ithathwa kane ngosuku ngaphambi kokudla.
• Futhi ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho kuyasiza ukuphuza inhlanganisela yamanzi, kalamula kanye nojusi wewolintshi. Umuthi ofanayo uzobuyisela ukungasebenzi komzimba futhi udambise i-cholesterol embi.
• Ukuze baqinise inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, baphuza ujusi kumabhungane angavuthiwe nakukhukhamba Le mifino icebile nge-potassium, ethinta kahle uhlelo lwenhliziyo.

Ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwesifo, kubalulekile ukususa zonke izinto ezithinta kabi isimo sempilo sesiguli. Ikakhulu, udinga ukuyeka ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala, funda ukuthi ungadla kanjani futhi uqaphele irejimendi yansuku zonke, yenza imisebenzi yokuzivocavoca njalo, ubheke isisindo sakho futhi ugweme izimo ezicindezelayo.

Uma une-predisposition yefa noma ezinye izinto, kufanele uvakashele udokotela njalo unikele ngegazi ukuze lihlaziywe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha i-cholesterol kushukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala, ukuntuleka kwama-hormone ocansi, ukucindezela okungapheli, i-angina pectoris.

I-Aortic atherosulinosis ichazwa kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.