I-pancreatitis yi-pathology, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okuhambisana nokwenzeka kwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zimo ze-pathological zingadalwa ngokuvela kokucindezela kwezicubu ezizungezile, izinqubo ezonakalisayo kuzicubu zamanyikwe, ukutheleleka okufika ekugxileni kokuvuvukala.
Kwi-pancreatitis ebukhali, ukubukeka kwephula umthetho kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Imvamisa ukwephulwa okunjalo kungumphumela wokuqhubekela phambili kwezinqubo ezibhubhisayo ku-pancreatic necrosis. Lapho kukhona i-pancreatitis engapheli, ukuphazamiseka okunjalo kungakhula kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingana.
Ukuphazamiseka okuningi kudinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngokuya ngomzuzu wokuvela kokwephulwa, bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili - ekuqaleni nasekupheleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwahlukaniswa kwenziwa ngokwenziwa kwezixakaxaka maqondana nokugxila kwesifo esiyinhloko.
Ngokuphathelene nokugxila okuyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwe-pathology, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zihlukaniswa ngezigaba:
- Okuvamile - amboze yonke i-tumbo esiswini, izicubu ze-pancreatic ne-parapancreatic fiber.
- Okwenziwe sendawo nesitho - kukhona i-lesion yezitho ngazinye ezinokuxhumana okusebenzayo namanyikwe.
Ngokuya ngezici ze-anatomical ne-topographic, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlukanisa i-intra- kanye ne-extra-abdominal pathologies. Ukuvela kwezinkinga zakuqala kungenxa yesenzo sezizathu zokuqala nezesibili zokuhlukumezeka okuvela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuqhubeka kwezifo. Ama-pathologies asemuva kungenxa yezinqubo zokuncibilika ku-necrotic foci. Imvamisa, isici se-microbial kanye nokuvela kwe-purulent-kuvimba kwendawo kufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni.
Iningi labodokotela lihlukanisa le nkinga ngokuthi isebenze futhi ibe yi-organic. Uhlobo olusebenzayo lwezinkinga ze-pancreatic selapheka kusetshenziswa izindlela zokubamba. Izinto eziphilayo - kunzima ukwelapha, ukungenelela okuphuthumayo noma okuhleliwe okusetshenziselwa le njongo.
Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-retroperitoneal kanye nesisu se-pancreatogenic yesikhala sokubuyiswa kwamaselula noma isisu sesisu.
Kuyini i-parapancreatitis?
I-Parapancreatitis iyinkimbinkimbi evame ukwenziwa kwasendaweni ye-pancreatitis. Le yi-pathology lapho kuthinteka izicubu ze-peroperanone pericanopancreatic.
Le nqubo yokuvuvukala kumanyikwe isho ukwehluleka okuthelelekayo okuthe xaxa kwe-pancreatic.
Leli qembu lifaka ukwephulwa okulandelayo:
- I-Cholangitis ukuvuvukala kweziqubu ze-bile.
- I-Omentitis inqubo yokuvuvukala ku-omentum.
- I-Ligamentitis ukuvuvukala kwe-ligament yesibindi.
- I-Peritonitis inqubo yokuvuvukala odongeni lwe-peritoneal.
Ngokuya nge-etiology, yonke i-parancancitisitis ye-pancreato ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:
- ezingamahlalakhona
- bukhali.
Ukwahlukaniswa kula maqembu kuncike ekuxhumaneni nasekuhlaselweni yi-pancreatitis engapheli noma eyingozi.
Iqembu le-parapancreatitis elibuhlungu lihlukaniswe yizinhlobonhlobo ezilandelayo:
- IHemorrhagic.
- I-Necrotic.
- I-Purroc necrotic.
Iqembu le-parapancreatitis engapheli kwezokwelapha lihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- i-sclerotic;
- i-polycystic.
Ngayinye yalawa maqembu nezinhlobonhlobo inezimpawu zayo.
Isimo seqembu le-parapacreatitis esibuhlungu
Esikhathini sokuqala ngemuva kokuqala kokuhlaselwa kwe-pancreatic, kutholakala ukulimala kwe-fiber ngendlela ye-edema, hemorrhage noma ukwakheka kwamafutha necrosis.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-parapancreatitis eyingozi akunzima ngokukhethekile kumelaphi, uma sikhumbula ukuthi ukwenzeka kokulimala kwe-serous kanye ne-hemorrhagic fiber kulawulwa kuzo zonke iziguli ezinesimo esibi se-pancreatitis esibuhlungu.
Ukushintshwa kwenqubo yokuvuvukala esimweni sokukhula komzimba kohlobo lwe-infiltrative-necrotic noma lwe-purulent-necrotic lokuxinana kwemililo yamathumbu amancane kuhambisana neziguli lapho kwakhiwa khona i-intestinal paresis.
Esimweni sokusakazeka kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala ku-fiber yemithambo ye-peralone peritoneal, kubonakala ukuthamba kwezicubu ezingaphansi esifundeni se-lumbar sesiqu.
Ukuvela kwesilonda esidlulayo se-necrotic esinobukhulu obukhulu kubonakaliswa ukubonakala kwesimpawu esifana nokuvuvukala kobuhlungu. Isibonakaliso esinjalo sokuthuthuka sitholakala ngesikhathi kuhlolwa umzimba wesiguli sisebenzisa i-computer tomography ne-ultrasound.
Ukwakheka kwe-parapancreatitis ebalulekile, lapho okufakelwa khona ngaphakathi kutholakala esifundeni sendawo yegland, kuvame ukuhambisana nokubonakala kwezimpawu zokucindezelwa kwezihlakala ze-gland ne-choledochus.
Izici zezindlela ezibucayi zezinkinga
Ukufakwa kwe-serous kanye ne-serous-hemorrhagic impregnation ye-fiber ngesikhathi esifanele futhi sokwelashwa okulondoloziwe kwe-pancreatitis eyingozi ngokushesha ngemuva kokubonakaliswa kwayo kokuqala kuvame ukuholela ekukhuleni okuphambene futhi akubangeli inqubo yesibili yokuvuvukala.
Kuyaqabukela, ama-hemorrhages amakhulu angenzeka endaweni yokubuyisa, ahambisana nokwakhiwa kweziqeshana ezincane ezindaweni ezifakwe i-hemorrhage.
Esimweni lapho kunesimo esinjalo, igazi elithululelwa ku-fiber lifaka ukubonakala kokusabela kokuvuvukala okubizwa ngokuthi yi-perifocal reaction reaction, okuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwenani elikhulu lokufakelwa elizungeze ama-pancreas.
Isizathu sokwakheka kohlobo lwe-infiltrative-necrotic kungaba:
- i-hemorrhagic imbibition;
- ukwakheka kwe-necrosis enkulu yamafutha.
Lapho kukhona izimo ze-aseptic, i-inflicrative necrotic lesion ingangena kancane, izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu, ukuqothula ngokwengxenye ngokwenziwa kwezinguquko ze-cicatricial ku-fiber noma ukwakheka kwe-parapancreatic cyst in lesion.
Lapho kukhona ukutheleleka kwe-purulent-putrefactive ku-lesion, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-purulent-putrefactive parapancreatitis kwenzeka. Isici esibonakalayo kungukuncibilika kokugxila kwe-necrotic ngokwakhiwa kwe-abscess.
Ukwelashwa izinhlobo ze-serous hemorrhagic kanye ne-hemorrhagic yezinkinga
Izindlela zokulondolozwa zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha lolu hlobo lwesilonda sethishu esibuyisele emuva. Izindlela ezinjalo zifaka phakathi ukulungiswa kwe-pancreatitis therapy. Ukulungiswa kokulashwa kwe-pancreatic kuqukethe ukusetshenziswa kwe-detoxization therapy ethuthukisiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-antibacterial eyenza umsebenzi we-prophylactic.
Izinhlobo zokufakelwa zithola ukwelashwa okulondolozayo zisebenzisa imithamo emikhulu yemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kusetshenziswa izimiso zokwelashwa kwe-de-escalation. Ngenqubo yokwelashwa, ukuphathwa kwe-endolymphatic kwezidakamizwa ze-antibacterial kuyasetshenziswa.
Ngokuthuthuka emzimbeni wesiguli izinhlobo ezinzima ze-hemorrhagic parapancreatitis, ezihambisana nokuqalwa kokuhlanjululwa kwezicubu ze-retroperitoneal ezithathe i-necrotization, kanye nokuhlonzwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ze-purulent-necrotic, ukunakekelwa kokuhlinzwa kuyanconywa.
Izici zefomu elingapheli kanye nokwelashwa kwalo
Ifomu elingamahlalakhona lingabhekwa njengomunye wemiphumela ye-omentitis yasendaweni noma i-parapancreatitis ehlukahlukene, engakaze iguqukele ekuhlanjululweni kwe-purulent.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezingamahlalakhona zibonakala ngokubonakala kwesithombe somtholampilo esingacacile. Kwezinye izimo, ukuqhubekela phambili kwezinkinga ekubonakalisweni kwabo kulingisa ukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-pancreatitis engapheli.
Ukukhonjwa kwalesi sifo kusizwa kalula uma isiguli sine-fistulas yangaphandle. Ukuqhubekela phambili kohlobo lwe-sclerosing kungaholela ekucindezelweni kwemithambo yegazi etholakala eduze kwelogxila. Isimo esinjalo singavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ischemic syndrome kanye nezindlela zesifunda ze-portal hypertension.
Ukuphatha ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kwendlela engapheli yokubandakanyeka akulona iqiniso, kepha ukwenza umsebenzi ohleliwe kumanyikwe kwenziwa kuphela uma isiguli sinezinkinga ngesimo sokucindezelwa kweziqu zemithambo ye-arterial kanye ne-venous zone zone pancreas. Futhi, izinkomba zingamacala okuvela kwezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kanye nezimpawu ze-ischemic syndrome, ezingahambisani nokwelashwa okulondoloziwe.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ubunzima be-pancreatitis kuchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
