Isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin (uhlobo lokuqala) yisifo esingamahlalakhona esiziveza njengesihlobo noma ukusilela ngokuphelele kwe-insulin emzimbeni. Ngokusho kweWorld Health Organisation, i-pathology is kabanzi.
Lesi sifo aselashwa, ukulungiswa kwezidakamizwa kuhloselwe ukuthuthukisa isimo sesiguli kanye nokudambisa izimpawu zokukhathazeka. Naphezu kwempumelelo ebonakalayo ekwelashweni, isifo sikashukela kuholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene, okuholela ekufakweni kwamanyikwe.
Ukudluliselwa kwepancreas kuyindlela yesimanje yokwelapha isifo "esimnandi". Le ndlela inomthelela ekujwayekeni kwezinqubo ze-metabolic, ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesibili.
Kweminye imidwebo, kungenzeka ngempela ukuthi kuguqulwe izingqinamba ze-pathology eseziqalile noma ukumisa ukuqhubeka kwazo. Cabanga ukuthi ukusebenza kwenziwa kanjani, futhi yini izindleko eRussia nakwamanye amazwe.
Ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe
I-Transplantology isisondele kakhulu phambili. Ukufakelwa kwesitho sangaphakathi kusetshenziselwa izinkinga zendlela yesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin. Ishukela likashukela liyisibonakaliso sokukhohlisa. Futhi, isifo sikashukela ngokungabikho noma ukuphazamiseka kokulashwa kwe-hormone yesimo se-hypoglycemic.
Imvamisa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ezigulini, kutholakala ukumelana kwamazinga ahlukahlukene kumuncwa kwe-insulin, okulawulwa ngokungaziphathi. Lesi sici futhi siyinkomba yokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ukusebenza kubonakaliswa yingozi enkulu yezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kuyasiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwezinso okujwayelekile uma kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa kweSuA - ukusetshenziswa kweCyclosporin A kumthamo omncane, ongakhulisa kakhulu ukusinda kweziguli ngemuva kokukhohlisa.
Emsebenzini wezokwelapha, kuye kwaba nezimo zokudluliselwa kwengxenye yesistimu yokugaya ukudla ngemuva kokuqalwa ngokuphelele, okucasulwe uhlobo olungapheli lwe-pancreatitis. Njengomphumela walokhu, ukusebenza kwe-intracecretory ne-exocrine kwabuyiselwa.
Contraindication for ukuhlinzwa:
- Izifo ze-oncological ezingenakukwazi ukulungiswa kwezokwelapha.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nemizwa yengqondo.
Noma yisiphi isifo esijwayelekile esinomlando kufanele siqedwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona, kuyadingeka ukuthola isinxephezelo esiphikelelayo ngakho. Lokhu akusebenzi kuphela kushukela, kodwa nasezifo ezithathelwanayo.
I-Gland transplant intuthuko
Iziguli eziningi zifuna imininingwane "ngentengo yaseRussia yokufakelwa kwamanyikwe koshukela." Qaphela ukuthi e-Russian Federation le ndlela ayibanzi, ehambisana nobunzima bokuhlinzwa kanye nengozi enkulu yezinkinga.
Kepha kungenzeka ukucaphuna amanani ngamayunithi wokuphikisana. Ukwenza isibonelo, kwa-Israyeli, ukusebenza kwesifo sikashukela kuzobiza kusuka kuma-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingama-90 kuye kwangama-100. Kodwa lokhu akuyona yonke izindleko zezimali zesiguli.
Isikhathi sokutakulwa kokuvuselelwa ngemuva kokufakwa ngamazinyo okuhlinzwa sengezwe esheke. Intengo iyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuthi zingakanani izindleko zokufakelwa kwamanyikwe, impendulo okungenani yamaRandi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-120. Intengo eRussia incane kancane, kuya ngama-nuances amaningi.
Ukusebenza kokuqala kwecebo elinjalo kwenziwa ngo-1966. Isiguli sakwazi ukuguqulela i-glycemia ngokwejwayelekile, sinciphise ukuxhomekeka kwe-insulin. Kepha ukungenelela akunakubizwa ngokuthi kuphumelele, ngoba owesimame washona ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili. Isizathu ukwenqaba kokuxhunyelelwa kanye ne-sepsis.
Kodwa-ke, "izivivinyo" ezengeziwe zibonise umphumela omuhle. Emhlabeni wanamuhla, ukusebenza okunjalo akulona eliphansi ngokuya ngokusebenza kwesibindi, ukufakelwa kwezinso. Eminyakeni emithathu edlule, kungenzeka ukuthi uye phambili. Odokotela basebenzisa i-Cyclosporin A enama-steroid ngemithamo emincane, okuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kokusinda kweziguli.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu ngenkathi kuqhubeka inqubo. Kukhona ingozi enkulu yezinkinga zokuzivikela ezifweni nokungavimbeli mzimba, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokufakelwa noma ukufa.
Umsebenzi wokufakelwa kwama-pancreas akuyona ukungenelela kwezizathu zempilo. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuhlola izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinkinga ezinzima zesifo sikashukela kanye nengozi yokungenelela.
- Hlola isimo se-immunological isiguli.
Ukuqedwa ngempumelelo kokuhlinzwa kusivumela ukuthi sikhulume ngokumiswa kwemiphumela yesibili yesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu, ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo futhi ngokulandelana. Ngamanye amagama, isitho sisuswa kumnikeli, emva kokudluliselwa kwezinso, ngemuva kwamanyikwe uqobo.
Ezimweni eziningi, i-pancreas isuswa kumnikeli osemncane lapho kungafanga khona ubuchopho. Iminyaka yakhe ingasukela eminyakeni emi-3 kuye kwengama-55. Kwabanikeli abadala, izinguquko ze-atherossteotic esiqwini se-celiac empeleni azikhishwa.
Izindlela zokufakelwa kwendlala
Ukukhetha kwenketho yokufakelwa kokuhlinza kunqunywa yizindlela ezahlukahlukene. Zisuselwa emiphumeleni yokuxilonga. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangasusa isitho sangaphakathi ngokugcwele, umsila waso, umzimba.
Ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa zihlanganisa ukufakelwa nendawo yendawo ye-duodenum. Kungaphathwa nangamasiko amaseli we-pancreatic beta.
Ngokungafani nezinso, i-pancreas ibonakala njengesitho esingaphekiwe. Ngakho-ke, impumelelo enkulu yokusebenza kungukuthi kukhethwe onikelayo nenqubo yokuqunjelwa kwesitho sangaphakathi. Ukufaneleka kwalowo onikela kuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngama-pathologies ahlukahlukene, izinqubo zegciwane kanye nezifo.
Lapho isitho sithathwa njengokufanele, sikhululwa kanye nesibindi noma i-duodenum, noma izitho zithunyelwa zodwa ngokwahlukana. Kunoma yikuphi, ama-pancreas ahlukaniswa nalawa, abese ekheniwe kusisombululo esikhethekile sokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho igcinwa esitsheni esinokushisa okuphansi. Impilo yeshelf engekho ngaphezulu kwamahora angama-30 kusukela ngosuku lokulahlwa.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukahlukene ukukhipha ujusi wokugaya ukudla:
- Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngezigaba. Ngokuqhubeka kwalokhu, kuvinjelwa iziteshi eziphuma phambili ngopolymer wenjoloba.
- Ezinye izitho zangaphakathi, njenge-gall bladder, zingakhipha ujusi we-pancreatic. Okubi kule nhlangano ukuthi kungembulwa okukhulu kokungasebenzi kahle kwesitho, okukhonjiswa yi-hematuria, acidosis. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukwamukele ngesikhathi esifanele ukwenqatshwa kwesitho esinikelayo ngokuhlolwa kwelebhu womchamo.
Uma isiguli sinomlando we-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ukudluliselwa kwamanyikwe nezinso kwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye. Izindlela zokufakelwa zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo: kuphela ama-pancreas, noma kuqala izinso ngemuva kwamanyikwe, noma ukufakwa kanyekanye kwezitho ezimbili.
Isayensi yezokwelapha ayimi, ihlala ivela, ukufakelwa kwe-pancreatic kuthathelwa indawo ngamanye amasu amasha. Phakathi kwazo ukufakelwa kwamaseli wama-islet weLangerhans. Eqinisweni, lokhu kuxhaphaza kunzima kakhulu.
Inqubo yokuhlinza imi kanje:
- I-pancreas yomhlinzeki ichotshoziwe, wonke amaseli abhekana nesimo se-collagenosis.
- Ngemuva kwalokho nge-centrifuge ekhethekile, amaseli adinga ukwehlukaniswa abe izingxenyana ngokuya ngobuningi.
- Indwangu esetshenziswayo iyakhishwa, ifakelwe izitho zangaphakathi - ububanzi, izinso (ngaphansi kwekhaphethi), i-portal vein.
Le ndlela ibonakala nge-prognosis evumayo kuphela kumcabango, isekuqaleni kwendlela yokuphila kwayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kohlelo olunjalo luphela kahle, khona-ke umzimba wohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela uzoveza ngokuzimela i-insulin, ethuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo futhi ivimbele ubunzima obuhlukahlukene.
Enye indlela yokuhlola ukuthunyelwa kwesitho sangaphakathi esise-umbungu emavikini ayi-16- 20. I-gland yayo inesisindo cishe i-10-20 mg, kepha ingakhiqiza i-insulin ye-hormone ngokukhula kwayo. Uma kuvamile, lapho-ke kwenziwa ama-200 okukhohlisa okunjalo, ukubuyekezwa kodokotela kuphawula impumelelo encane.
Uma ukufakelwa kwama-pancreas kuphele kahle, iziguli zisadinga ukwelashwa kwe-immunosuppressive impilo yabo yonke. Umgomo ukucindezela ukubonakaliswa okunamandla kokungazethezeki ngokumelene namaseli womzimba wakho.
Izindlela zokusebenza zokwelapha isifo sikashukela zichazwe kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
