Ushukela wegazi ezinganeni uyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu ye-biochemical, ngesisekelo lapho udokotela angakhomba khona isifo esithile. Uma kungekho zikhalazo ezisobala zokugula, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngamazinga kashukela kunikezwa kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ngonyaka, lapho kubekelwa khona ukuhlolwa kwezingane okuhleliwe.
Ukuthola izinga loshukela wegazi, isiguli sinikezwa ukudluliselwa ocwaningweni. Futhi, ukuhlaziya kungenziwa ekhaya kusetshenziswa idivaysi ekhethekile - glucometer. Le divayisi kumele itholakale kuwo wonke umzali onengane yakhe enesifo sikashukela esiningi noma ophakanyiselwe izakhi zaso ngofuzo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuthathwa esiswini esingenalutho, amahora angama-8-10 ngaphambi kokufunda ungadli, ubunzima obungokomzimba ngokungadingekile, uphuze amanzi amaningi. Le mithetho kumele ibhekwe lapho kuhlolwa ingane enonyaka owodwa kanye nentsha eneminyaka eyisithupha.
Ngabe yini ushukela enganeni?
Izinga likashukela wegazi ezinganeni lingakhuphuka kakhulu uma ingane inomkhuhlane noma igula kakhulu. Kulokhu, ngesikhathi sokugula, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngokuvamile akwenziwa ukuze kutholakale imiphumela yokuxilongwa ehlanekezelwe.
Banikela ngegazi esiswini esingenalutho, ekuseni, ngaphambi kwalokhu awukwazi ukusebenza ngokweqile nokudla ngokweqile.Ukuhlolwa, igazi lithathwa emunweni wesandla, kuyilapho ezinsaneni ungasebenzisa i-earlobe, isithende noma uzwane.
Kunetafula elithile lapho umkhuba kashukela wegazi kumntwana upendiwe, ubudala bawo buhlukahluka kusuka ezinsukwini eziningana kuya eminyakeni eyi-14.
- Ngakho-ke, izinga elijwayelekile likashukela egazini enganeni eneminyaka yobudala emi-2 kuya kwengama-30 ngu-2.8-4.4 mmol / lit;
- Imikhuba yoshukela wegazi ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 ubudala ingu-3.3-5.6 mmol / litre;
- Izinkomba ezifanayo zihlala zineminyaka eyi-14, emva kwalokho zingakhuphuka zisuka ku-4.1 ziye ku-5.9 mmol / ilitha, njengasemdala.
Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi ezinsaneni nasezinganeni kuze kube unyaka, amazinga kashukela ancishisiwe. Izibalo zegazi zengane eneminyaka eyisithupha zithathwa njengejwayelekile uma zisezingeni lika-3.3 kuya ku-5.0 mmol / ilitha.
Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-14 ubudala, okujwayelekile kuhlukile, ukuhlaziya kukhombisa amanani aphezulu.
Izimbangela zoshukela okungajwayelekile
Ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela ukwehla noma ukwanda kwezinga le-glucose egazini lezingane, kuyasiza ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni wengane njengoba ikhula.
Njengoba wazi, i-glucose iyindawo yamandla yendawo yonke enikeza zonke izitho nezicubu zomzimba. Lapho noma yimiphi i-carbohydrate eyinkimbinkimbi ingena esiswini, ama-enzyme akhethekile awaphula abe ushukela ojwayelekile.
I-glucose eyakhekile iqala ukungena ngamandla egazini bese ithuthwa esibindini. Ama-hormone amaningi abandakanyeka enqubweni yokulawulwa ushukela, nakho okungakuvumeli ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic ukuba kwenzeke ngokwanda kokuxineka kwe-glucose emzimbeni.
- I-insulin ukuphela kwe-hormone enganciphisa ushukela wegazi. Ukwakheka kwayo kwenzeka kumaseli wamanyikwe. Ngenxa ye-insulin, ukuthathwa koshukela ngamaseli kuyenziwa kusebenze, futhi iklabodi yamakhemikhali eyinkimbinkimbi yakhiwa ushukela owedlulele kwezicubu ze-adipose nesibindi.
- Iglue glucagon nayo yakhiwa kumanyikwe, kepha umphumela wayo uphambene. Lapho kunokwehla okukhulu kweglucose yegazi, lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda okusheshayo kokuxineka kwe-glucagon. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-glycogen iyabola, okungukuthi, ushukela omkhulu uyakhishwa.
- Ama-hormone okucindezela, kufaka phakathi i-cortisol ne-corticosterone, ama-hormone okwesaba nokwenza kwe-norepinephrine ne-adrenaline, anegalelo ekwandeni kwamazinga kashukela. Ukukhishwa kwala ma-hormone kwenzeka kusuka ku-adrenal cortex.
- Lapho kwenzeka isimo esinzima sokucindezela noma ukucabanga kwengqondo, ukugcwala koshukela kukhulisa amahomoni e-hypothalamus kanye ne-pituitary gland. Lawa ma-hormone afanayo ayasebenza uma izinga le-glucose lehla kakhulu.
- Ama-hormone e-thyroid aqhakambisa kahle zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic, okuholela ekwandeni okushiwo ushukela wegazi.
Yehlise ushukela enganeni
Ngakho-ke, kungaphethwa ngokuthi amanani we-glucose wengane angancipha uma ushukela ungangenwa kahle, amaseli nezicubu zomzimba zisebenzisa i-glucose kakhulu, noma umuntu edla inani elincishisiwe lokudla okuqukethe ushukela.
Njengomthetho, isizathu silele ekuzila ukudla isikhathi eside uma ingane ingazange ichithe inani elifunekayo loketshezi isikhathi eside. Futhi, isimo esinjalo singadala ukukhula kwesifo sezitho zokugaya.
Kwi-pancreatitis, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuhlukaniswa kwe-enzyme ethile yama-amylase, ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi awakwazi ukwehlukaniswa ne-glucose.
- Kubandakanya imbangela kungaba khona kwe-gastritis, gastroduodenitis noma gastroenteritis. Zonke lezi zifo zohlelo lokugaya zivimbela ukubola kwama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke i-glucose ayithakwa kahle emgodini wokugaya ukudla.
- Izifo ezinzima, ikakhulukazi ezingalapheki, eziwohlokayo ziholela ekunciphiseni koshukela wegazi. Futhi, le nkinga ingahlala ekuphazamisweni kwe-metabolic, ukukhuluphala.
- Kwesinye isikhathi ukwehla kwe-glucose kuphumela ekukhuleni kwe-insulinoma, isimila se-pancreatic. Lokhu kumila kukhula kusuka kumaseli afaka i-insulin ungene egazini. Ngenxa yalokho, amangqamuzana anjenge-tumor athumela inani ngokweqile le-hormone emithanjeni yegazi, ngenxa yalokho, amazinga kashukela ehla kakhulu.
- Isimo esifanayo enganeni singabonakala uma kungenzeka ukuthi sinoshevu nge-arsenic noma i-chloroform, ngesifo sohlelo lwezinzwa ngenxa yokulimala kobuhlungu kobuchopho obuxakile noma ubuchopho bokuzala kwengqondo.
Uma kwenzeka kwehla kakhulu ushukela wegazi enganeni, kungenziwa lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Ekuqaleni, isiguli eselula siyasebenza, siyaphila futhi siyasebenza, kodwa njengoba amazinga eglucose ehla, ingane iqala ukukhombisa ukukhathazeka, kanti izinga lomsebenzi likhuphuka nangaphezulu.
Ngokuvamile izingane ziqala ukucela ukudla futhi zifune amaswidi. Ngemuva kwesibani sokuphazamiseka okungalawulwa, ikhanda liqala ukusonteka, ingane ingahle iwele futhi ihluleke ukwazi, kwezinye izikhathi kuvela isimo esixakile.
Ukulungisa nokubuyisela ushukela wegazi, kwanele. Ukuze ingane idle amaswidi. Ngenye indlela, ushukela esixazululweni uphathwa ngaphakathi.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuncipha kweshukela isikhathi eside, imiphumela ebucayi ingaqhamuka, kuze kufike ku-glycemic coma nokufa, ngakho-ke udinga ukunikezela usizo oluphuthumayo enganeni ngokushesha.
Ukwanda ushukela ezinganeni
Izinga likashukela wengane lingakhuphuka ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okungafundile uma isiguli esincane sidla ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Izinkomba ezifanayo zingatholakala uma ingane icindezelwe ngokweqile ngokomzimba noma ngokweqile. Kulokhu, uhlelo lwama-hormone wezindlala ze-adrenal, i-gland yegland kanye ne-pituitary gland iyasebenza, ngenxa yalokho kukhula i-hypoglycemia.
Ukulimala kwe-gland yegland, izindlala ze-adrenal, i-pituitary gland kungakhuphula ushukela. Ngezinqubo ezinjenge-tumor njengama-pancreas, ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kungakhula, okungukuthi, ukukhishwa kwe-insulin kwenzeka ngenani elincane elinganele.
- Ngenxa yokukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi i-visceral, amakhompiyutha athile akhishwa izicubu ezinamafutha zingena egazini, okunomthelela ekunciphiseni kokuqunjelwa kokuqina kwezicubu kwi-insulin ye-hormone. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-insulin ikhiqizwa ngamanani afanele, kepha lokhu kugxila akwanele ukwehlisa izinga likashukela kumazinga ajwayelekile. Lokhu kuholela emsebenzini owenziwe ngamandla wamanyikwe, ukwehla okusheshayo kwezindawo zayo, ukuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin nokukhula kwesifo sikashukela.
- Uma ingane ithatha izidakamizwa ezingezona ze-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala uma ilimala, ithatha ama-glucocorticoids isikhathi eside ngesifo se-rheumatological, lokhu kuzothinta ngokushesha izinkomba zokuhlaziya ngesimo sikashukela wegazi ophezulu.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini akhombisa ubukhona besifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi ahlolwe ngokushesha, aphumelele zonke izivivinyo bese eqala ukwelashwa.
UDkt Komarovsky uzokhuluma ngezici zesifo sikashukela sezingane kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
