Ukuguqula ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela (ushukela)

Ukuhlaziywa kweshukela egazini kuyinkomba ethembekile kakhulu nenhloso yesimo sempilo sabantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ukucwaninga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela kuyadingeka ukuze uqonde ukuthi izinto zinkulu kangakanani ngesifo esifihlekile esifana nesifo sikashukela, ngoba imvamisa azikho izimpawu.

Kusho ukuthini ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela

Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, kuhlolwa igazi noma ngabe sinjani isifo sikashukela. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole isimo samasistimu we-metabolic womzimba bese unquma ngamaqhinga wokwelapha isifo sikashukela. Ukuhlaziywa kuhlola izinkomba ezinjengama-glucose ku-plasma yegazi, kanye nephesenti le-glycated hemoglobin.

I-glucose ingumthombo oyinhloko futhi odingeka kakhulu wamandla kuwo wonke izicubu zomzimba womuntu, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho. Imvamisa, ukuhlaziya kunquma ushukela osebangeni ukusuka ku-3 mmol / l kuya ku-6 mmol / l, okuyizimiso zokuphila ze-glycemia. I-glucose ingalinganiswa kokubili egazini le-capillary, kusetshenziswa i-mini-glucometer, nasegazini le-venous besebenzisa i-stationary analyzer. I-glucose ye-plasma ye-capillary yegazi ne-venous ingahluka kancane, ngokwesilinganiso, izinga likashukela le-1 mmol / l livunyelwe.

Ukunqunywa kwezinga le-glucose elabhorethri emtholampilo usebenzisa i-othomathikhi yokuhlaziya

Lithini ushukela?

Ushukela wegazi uyinkomba eyinhloko ekhombisa umsebenzi we-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni womuntu. Ukuqothuka ngokuphelele kwezitho nezinhlelo kubhekene nokudla okubangelwa yi-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni, ukuze ngezinga le-glucose ku-plasma ne-hemoglobin, umuntu angahlulela umsebenzi wokusebenza wezitho ezinjalo nezinhlelo ezinjenge-pancreas, isibindi kanye nohlelo lwe-neurohumoral.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha kwe-plasma glucose kubantu abahlushwa izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zesifo sikashukela. Esikhathini sikashukela, kukhona ukwephulwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-insal insulin - i-hormone ebhekele ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose, okuholela ekuqongeleleni kokugcina egazini, kuyilapho amaseli omzimba ngokoqobo eqala ukubulawa yindlala futhi ehlangabezana nokushoda kwamandla. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, ukuqapha njalo i-glycemia yegazi kubalulekile, ngoba ukweqisa kwe-insulin noma ukusilela kwayo kuthinta kakhulu ukuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela. Ngokuzimisela njalo koshukela kuphela lapho ushukela ungagcinwa khona ngamanani afanele.

Imithetho Yokuhlaziya

Ukwandisa ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa futhi uthole imininingwane yenhloso kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali egazi, ngaphambi kokudlula kokuhlaziywa, kuyadingeka ukulandela eminye imithetho:

• Kuyadingeka ukuthi uyeke ukusetshenziswa kophuzo oludakayo nemikhiqizo equkethe utshwala okungenani ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa. Utshwala buthinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwegazi.
• Kunconywa ukuthi uthathe isidlo sakho sokugcina amahora angu-10 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho ushukela, i.e. esiswini esingenalutho. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuphuza amanzi asobala ngaphandle kwezengezo akunqatshelwe.
• Ngosuku lokuhlolwa kweshukela okuqondile, kufanele weqe ukuxubha kwasekuseni, ngoba izinyo elinamazinyo amaningi liqukethe ushukela ongena emgudwini we-gastrointestinal. Izinsini ezihlafunwayo ziyefana.

Igazi leminwe

Ivumela ukutholakala ngokushesha kwamazinga kashukela ku-plasma yegazi le-capillary capillary, okungeyona inkomba enembile kakhulu, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu. Le ndlela iyenzeka kalula ekhaya. Ocwaningweni olunjalo lwasekhaya, kunamamitha amaningi kashukela egazi aphathwayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokulawula okunjalo ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukubheka izindlela zokulawula ubuchwepheshe bemitha, ngoba ukubeka imichilo yokuhlola endaweni evulekile kuholela ekungafanelekeni kwabo. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela ngokuqinile izidingo zobuchwepheshe nemiyalo eza nemitha!

Igazi le-Vein

Isampula yegazi le-venous yenziwa ngesisekelo sokuphuma noma sokungena ngaphakathi, i.e. esibhedlela. Igazi eliphuma emthanjeni lithathwa ngevolumu engu-3-5 ml. Inani elikhulu legazi elithathiwe liyadingeka ekunqumeni ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali egazi ku-othomathikhi wokuhlaziya. Ukuhlaziywa okuzenzakalelayo kukuvumela ukuthi uthole imininingwane efanele kunazo zonke ezingeni le-glycemia.

Inqubo yokuthatha igazi le-venous ukuthola ukuthi kugxotshwe ushukela ayifani

Izinhlobo zemiphumela

Ukuhumusha kahle ukuhlaziya, kufanele wazi izinkambiso zokugxila kwe-glucose nokuthi ulinganiswa ngamanani amangaki. In iningi lamafomu nemiphumela, amabanga ejwayelekile wokuqoqwa kwezinto atholakala eduze kwamanani atholakele ukuze kube lula ukuhamba ngezinombolo nemiphumela.

Ushukela wegazi

Yini ushukela osesimweni? Uma konke kucace kakhulu ngama-glucometer - akhombisa kuphela idatha ehlobene noshukela, khona-ke izinto zixaka kakhulu nabahlaziyi abazenzakalelayo, ngoba inani elikhulu lezinye izinto livame ukunqunywa ekuhlaziyweni kwe-biochemical. Kumafomu asekhaya, kukhonjiswa ushukela, kepha kubahlaziyi bamazwe bangaphandle kuboniswa ushukela njenge-GLU, okuvela eLatinani njenge-glucose (ushukela). Izinga elijwayelekile le-glycemia lisuka ku-3.33 liye ku-6.5 mmol / l - lezi zindlela ejwayelekile kubantu abadala. Ezinganeni, izinkambiso zihlukile kancane. Ziphansi kunabantu abadala. Ukusuka ku-3.33 kuya ku-5.55 - ezinganeni zeminyaka yamabanga aphansi esikoleni, nasezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa - kusuka ku-2.7 kuye ku-4,5 mmol / l.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abahlaziyi bezinkampani ezahlukahlukene bahumusha imiphumela ngokuhlukile, kepha zonke izinkambiso zihlala zingaphakathi kwebanga lokudlidliza elingaphansi kuka-1 mmol / l.

Noma ezimweni eziningi ushukela wegazi ulinganiswa ku-mol / l ekuhlolweni kwegazi, amanye amayunithi afana ne-mg / dl noma i-mg% angasetshenziswa kwabanye abahlaziyi. Ukuhumusha la magugu ku-mol / L, mane uhlukanise umphumela nge-18.

Ithebula libonisa izindinganiso zikashukela ezinconyiwe.

Imiphumela engezansi ijwayelekile

Lapho i-glucose egazini iwela ngaphansi kwamanani wokuphila, lesi simo sibizwa nge-hypoglycemia. Kuhambisana nezimpawu zobuntu. Umuntu ukhathazwa umuzwa wokuba buthakathaka, ukozela kanye nendlala. Izizathu zokwehlisa amazinga kashukela zingafaka:

• ukulamba noma ukuntuleka kokudla kwe-carbohydrate;
• umthamo okhethwe ngokungafanele we-insulin;
• i-hypersecretion ye-insulin engaphakathi;
• ukusebenza ngokomzimba okunamandla;
• izifo ze-neurohumoral;
• ukulimala kwesibindi.

Imiphumela Ngaphezulu Okuvamile

Ekuhlolweni kwe-glucose ye-plasma ngenhla kwamanani ajwayelekile, kwenziwa isimo esinjenge-hyperglycemia. I-Hyperglycemia ingahlotshaniswa nemibandela enjalo:

• ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokunikela ngegazi;
• ukucindezelwa kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa;
• ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine;
• i-pancreatitis (ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe);
• ubuthi.

Ama-Special Glucose Assays

Okwe-endocrinologists, lapho kwakheka amaqhinga wokuphathwa kweziguli, akukho datha eyanele ekuqoqweni kwe-glucose egazini le-peripheral, ngoba lokhu, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ezinesifo sikashukela zinokuhlolwa okukhethekile kwegazi kwelebhu ushukela, lapho kunqunywa khona imingcele efana nokuhlolwa kwe-glycosylated noma i-glycated hemoglobin.

I-hemoglobin ye-Glycated ingukuhlushwa koshukela njengephesenti le-protein hemoglobin. Okujwayelekile kubhekwa njenge-4.8 - 6% yenani eliphelele lamaprotheni. I-Glycated hemoglobin iyinkomba ye-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule.

Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwenziwa kuzo zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esisolisayo, futhi kususelwa ekuhlolweni kokuxineka nge-glucose ngokunqunywa kwamazinga kashukela ngesikhathi esithileko semizuzu engama-60, 90 kanye ne-120 kusuka ekusebenziseni isixazululo se-glucose.