Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ezinganeni ezithomba sivame ukutholakala sisesigabeni esithuthukile, lapho iketoacidosis noma ikoma likhula. Kulesi sikhathi, kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha i-pathology, ngoba izinguquko ze-hormonal ezihambisana nokuthomba zigcwele emzimbeni.
Lokhu-ke, kuba imbangela eyinhloko yokumelana ne-insulin kwi-hormone, okungukuthi, izicubu ziphelelwe umuzwa wayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ushukela wegazi uyakhuphuka.
Emantombazaneni, isifo sikashukela sitholakala siseminyakeni engu-10-14 ubudala, abafana bagula besukela eminyakeni eyi-13 kuya kwengu-14, kanti esikhathini esidlule lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu, futhi ekugcineni kulula kakhulu ukuthola isinxephezelo.
Imikhuba yoshukela wegazi kwintsha eyeve eshumini nanhlanu ubudala isukela ku-3.3. kufika ku-5.5 mmol / l futhi uhlangabezana nezindinganiso zabantu abadala. Ukucacisa ukutholakala kwesifo, kukhonjiswa ukunikela ngegazi futhi, inqubo izoveza noma iphikise ukutholwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperglycemia entsheni kuhloselwe njalo ukunxephezela lesi sifo, kufinyeleleke amazinga eglucose kanye nokuhlala kahle, kanye nokunciphisa isisindo somzimba. Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe umthamo ofanele we-insulin, unamathela ekudleni okuqinile okuphansi kuma-carbohydrate, futhi ubandakanye ukuzivocavoca okusebenzayo komzimba kanye nokuzivocavoca inqubo yansuku zonke. Kubalulekile ukugwema izimo ezicindezelayo, ukusebenza ngokweqile, ukweqisa ngokomzwelo.
Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela entsheni
Inkinga ngokwelashwa ukuthi inzima kakhulu kwabasesezingeni lokungena ebusheni, ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba. Izingane zizama ukungazivezi kakhulu phakathi kontanga bazo, cishe njalo kwephula ukudla, futhi ziphose ukujova ngokulandelayo kwe-insulin. Lokhu kuziphatha kuholela emiphumeleni eyingozi futhi enkulu.
Uma ungathathi ukwelashwa okwenele noma ingane ingazilandeli zonke izincomo ezivela kudokotela, ingaqala ukubambezele ukukhula komzimba, ukubona kwayo kuzokwehla, ukugqwala ngokweqile kanye nokuqina kwengqondo kuyaphawulwa.
Emantombazaneni, ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, izilonda zokukhunta kanye nokusikwa kwesitho sangasese sangaphandle kungafakwa ngaphandle. Intsha eningi ihlushwa izifo ezihlasela amagciwane, izifo, amanxeba abo aphola isikhathi eside, isikhathi nesikhathi kukhona i-furunculosis nezibazi esikhunjeni.
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kukhona ithuba lokukhula kwe-ketoacidosis, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinjalo:
- coma;
- ukukhubazeka
- umphumela obulalayo.
Ngokushoda kwe-insulin kushukela we-mellitus wohlobo lokuqala, umzimba wentsha uzama ukubheka ezinye izindlela zokuphuma noshukela omningi ngokweqile, ucekele phansi izitolo ezinamafutha.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakheka imizimba ye-ketone, iphunga elibonakalayo le-acetone elisuka emgodini womlomo kwenzeka.
Izimbangela Zokwenyuka Ushukela
Uma osemusha enoshukela wegazi ophakeme, kufanele uqale ulwe nale nkinga ngokushesha okukhulu. Izimbangela zesifo kufanele zifunwe ezifweni ezivuvukelayo zokugaya ukudla, kungaba yi-gastritis, i-pancreatitis, duodenitis noma i-gastroenteritis.
I-Hyperglycemia ingahle ibe ngumphumela wenkambo yesikhathi eside ye-pathologies engamahlalakhona, ama-neclasms ama-oncological kuma-pancreas, izifo ezizalwe futhi ezitholwayo. Ushukela omkhulu ungahlotshaniswa nokulimala kobuchopho obuhlukumezanayo nobuthi bamakhemikhali.
Lesi simo singasolwa enganeni ngemizwa engalungiseki yendlala, osemusha udla ngaphandle kwesilinganiso, akazizwa egcwele. Ukwesaba kwakhe, ukwesaba, ukujuluka kuyakhula, amehlo akhe angama endaweni eyodwa. Imvamisa ingane egulayo inezandla eziqhaqhazelayo, izicubu zomsipha. Ngemuva kokujwayelekile nokuthuthuka kwenhlala-kahle, izingane azikhumbuli ngokwenzeka kuzo.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, udinga ukunika ingane okuthile okumnandi, kungaba:
- itiye elinezinkezo ezimbalwa kashukela;
- uswidi;
- umqulu webhotela.
Uma ama-carbohydrate engasizi, udinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelashwa, udokotela uzophatha isixazululo se-glucose ngaphakathi. Ngaphandle kwalesi silinganiso, ukukhohlisa kungenzeka.
I-Hyperglycemia ingenzeka ngokungalingani kwe-hormonal, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile, ngemuva kokudla ukudla okunama-khalori amaningi, ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ngezidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene ze-hormonal, i-glucocorticoids kanye nemithi engeyona eye-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala.
Uma unezimpawu zenkinga yezempilo noma i-malaise, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho wezingane, owelaphi noma udokotela wobugqila wezingane.
Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okuyiqiniso, kuzodingeka ukuthi uphinde uxilongeke, uhlole.
Ungazithatha kanjani izivivinyo
Ukuthola imiphumela eyanele yokuhlola, kuyadingeka ukunikela ngegazi ngoshukela ekuseni, kufanele bakwenze lokhu esiswini esingenalutho, ngoba ngemuva kokudla isidlo sokuhlaziywa kuzobe kungathembekile. Ngaphambi kocwaningo, okungenani amahora ayi-6 akufanele kudliwe, kungcono ukwenqaba noma yiziphi iziphuzo ngaphandle kwamanzi ahlanzekile.
Igazi lithathwa emunweni noma emvinini, kuya ngokuqokwa kukadokotela. Ucwaningo lwama-indices we-glycemic lubhekwa njengento enhle uma inani likashukela lidlula isilinganiso se-5.5 - 6.1 mmol / l. Uma kunesidingo, kuhlaziywa eminye imininingwane eminingi ukucacisa imininingwane.
Kwenzeka ukuthi umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi ukhombisa ushukela ezingeni le-2,5 mmol / l, lesi simo sibuye sise-pathological, sikhombisa nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwe-glucose emzimbeni. Uma ungenzi lesi simo ngokujwayelekile, indlala i-oksijini ingaqala - i-hypoxia, ukuthuthukiswa komthambo we-glycemic.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-glucose ephansi kungaba:
- isifundo esingamahlalakhona noma esibi se-pancreatic pathologies;
- izifo eziyingozi zenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi;
- ukungahambisani nemithetho yokudla okunempilo, okunempilo;
- izinqubo ze-oncological;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso okulimazayo.
Ungavikela osemusha ezinkingeni zempilo, ngoba okungenani kabili ngonyaka uzodinga ukubonana nodokotela wezingane futhi uvivinye uma kunesidingo.
Ezitheni zentsha, njengakwiziguli zabantu abadala, izinkomba zoshukela wegazi zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ushukela uyingxenye yamandla anamandla. Inikeza ukusebenza okujwayelekile okungaphazanyiswa kwezitho zangaphakathi, izicubu zomzimba.
Ushintsho olubalulekile emazingeni kashukela lincike ngqo emsebenzini nasempilweni yamanyikwe, elibhekele ukwenziwa kwe-insulin ebalulekile ye-hormone. Uma umzimba ukhiqiza ama-hormone amancane, ngokushesha kuba nesifo sikashukela. Ngenxa yalokhu, osemusha uzohlupheka impilo yakhe yonke kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga, ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezitho nezinhlelo.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi enganeni enonyaka owodwa nengane eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala, amazinga kashukela azohluka ngokuphelele.
Ukwelashwa kokudla nokusizwa kwengqondo
Isisekelo sokwelashwa kokudla kungukudla okufanele, osemusha kufanele adle inani elincane lokudla okunamafutha amaningi nama-carbohydrate. Kumuntu ophilile ngokuphelele, amaprotheni, amafutha nama-carbohydrate kufanele abe kuleyo ngxenye - 1: 1: 4. Ngokwe-hyperglycemia noma ukunqunyelwa kushukela, ingxenye le imi ngalendlela elandelayo - 1: 0.75: 3.5.
Amafutha adliwe ngokudla kufanele abe ngokuyimvelaphi yezitshalo. Uma osemusha enokuthambekela kokweqa ushukela wegazi, akufanele adle kalula ama-carbohydrate angaphandle, ngaphandle kwamaswidi kanye nosawoti, amagilebhisi, ubhanana, i-semolina ne-pasta. Isiguli sondliwa ngezingxenye ezincane, okungenani izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku.
Ababelethi abanezingane zabo noma abanesifiso sokuthola isifo sikashukela kufanele bayise ezikoleni ezikhethekile zesifo sikashukela. Amakilasi amaqembu agcinwa lapho, asiza ukujwayela lesi sifo ngokushesha futhi kalula.
Noma ngabe abazali bazi konke ngesifo sikashukela, abasazukulimala ukuya ezifundweni, lapho izingane zizokwazi ukujwayelana nenye intsha enesifo sikashukela. Kuyasiza:
- ukubona ukuthi abayedwa nesifo sabo;
- jwayela indlela entsha yempilo ngokushesha;
- funda ukujova i-insulin ngaphandle kosizo.
Kubalulekile uma kunezinkinga noshukela ukuhlinzeka ingane egulayo ngosizo lwengqondo olwenzeka ngesikhathi. Kuyadingeka ukumenza aqonde ukuthi unogada ngokugcwele, ukusiza ukwamukela nokuqaphela iqiniso lokuthi yonke impilo elandelayo izodlula ngendlela entsha.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngamazinga ajwayelekile kashukela wegazi nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela eshumini nambili.
