I-Metformin yiphilisi lokunciphisa ushukela elisetshenziswa ngohlobo 2 sikashukela (2T). Umuthi lo ubusaziwa amashumishumi eminyaka.
Izakhiwo zalo ezinciphisa ushukela zatholakala emuva ngo-1929. Kepha iMetformin yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ngonyaka we-1970s, lapho amanye ama-Biguanides ekhishwa embonini yezidakamizwa.
Umuthi ubuye unezinye izakhiwo eziwusizo, kufaka phakathi ukubambezela inqubo yokuguga. Kepha kungenzeka yini ukuthi uphuze iMetformin uma singekho isifo sikashukela? Le ndaba ifundelwa ngenkuthalo odokotela neziguli.
Incazelo yesidakamizwa
Abaningi basho ngeMetformin ukuthi yandisa impilo. Futhi lokhu kushiwo ososayensi abasebenza ngezifundo ezahlukene zemitholampilo ngomuthi. Yize isichasiselo kulo muthi sikhombisa ukuthi sithathwa kuphela ngesifo sikashukela i-mellitus 2T, esingasindwa ukukhuluphala kanye nokungahambisani ne-insulin.
Metformin 500 mg
Ingasetshenziswa futhi kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela 1T. Kodwa-ke, iMetformin iyisengezo se-insulin kuphela. Ukusuka kuma-contraindication kuyacaca ukuthi abantu abanokulimazeka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism abaphakanyisiwe ukuthi bayisebenzise.
Kwenzekani uma uthatha iMetformin ngaphandle kwesifo sikashukela? Impendulo inikezwa ososayensi abatadishe izakhiwo zalo muthi, bavumela ukuvimbela inqubo yokuguga yomzimba, kanye nezinga lamaselula.
I-Metformin yezidakamizwa:
- kuphatha ukukhula kwesifo i-Alzheimer's, lapho amangqamuzana ezinzwa abhekene nenkumbulo efa;
- ivuselela amaseli we-stem, inomthelela ekuqubukeni kwamangqamuzana amasha obuchopho (ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla);
- kusiza ukubuyisela amaseli ezinzwa zobuchopho ngemuva kokushaywa unhlangothi;
- kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sclerosis eminingi.
Ngaphezu komphumela omuhle emsebenzini wobuchopho, iMetformin isiza umsebenzi wezinye izitho nezinhlelo zomzimba:
- Isiza ukucindezela ukuvuvukala okungamahlalakhona okuhambisana namazinga we-C-reactive protein amaningi;
- kuvimbela ukukhula kwe-pathologies, imbangela yokuguga kwenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi;
- kuvimbela ukubalwa kwemithambo yegazi, kuthinte umsebenzi wezinhliziyo ngendlela engeyiyo;
- kunciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza (i-prostate, lung, isibindi, i-pancreas). Kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziswa nge-chemotherapy eyinkimbinkimbi;
- kuvimbela isifo sikashukela nama-pathologies ahlobene;
- kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezocansi emadodeni amadala;
- iphatha i-osteoporosis ne-rheumatoid arthritis ehambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela;
- iguqula ukusebenza kwe-yegilo yegilo;
- isiza izinso nge-nephropathy;
- kuqinisa amasosha omzimba;
- Isiza ukuvikela ipheshana lokuphefumula ezifweni.
Imisebenzi yokulwa nokuguga yalo muthi iye yatholakala muva nje. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, iMetformin yayisetshenziswa kuphela ukulwa nesifo sikashukela. Kepha imininingwane etholwe ngokubheka iziguli ezelashwa nalesi simelaphi sezokwelapha ikhombisile ukuthi baphila ikota ende kunabantu ngaphandle kwalokhu kutholwa.
Yilokhu okwenza ososayensi bacabange ngemiphumela yokulwa nokuguga kweMetformin. Kepha imiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwayo ayikhombisi lokhu, ngoba ukuguga akusona isifo, kepha inqubo yemvelo yokuqedela inkambo yempilo.
Inqubo yokuvuselela iqukethe:
- ukususwa kwama-cholesterol plaque emikhunjini. Ingozi ye-thrombosis iyaqedwa, ukuhamba kwegazi kusungulwe, ukuphuma kwegazi kuyathuthukiswa;
- ngcono izinqubo ze-metabolic. Isifiso sokudla siyancipha, esisiza ekunciphiseni, ukunciphisa isisindo esisezingeni eliphansi kanye nokujwayelekile kwesisindo;
- kunciphise ukumuncwa kwamathumbu glucose. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-molecule yamaprotheni kuvinjelwe.
I-Metformin ingeyesizukulwane sesithathu sama-biguanides. Isithako saso esisebenzayo yi-metformin hydrochloride, enezelwa eminye imikhakha yamakhemikhali.
Icebo lokusebenzisa umuthi ngokumelana nesifo sikashukela limnene impela. Kuqukethe ukuvimbela izinqubo ze-gluconeogenesis, ngenkathi kuvuselela i-glycolysis. Lokhu kuholela ekutholeni i-glucose okungcono, ngenkathi kunciphisa izinga lokufakwa kwayo emgudwini wamathumbu. I-Metformin, hhayi ukuba ngumgqugquzeli wokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, ayiholeli ekwehlekeni okukhulu kwe-glucose.
Ukusetshenziswa kweMetformin, ngokuya ngemiyalo efakwe kulo muthi, kukhonjiswa:
- ukubonakaliswa kokumelana ne-insulin noma i-metabolic syndrome;
- ukubekezelela ushukela;
- ukukhuluphala okuhlobene noshukela;
- isifo se-ovary scopopcycystic;
- isifo sikashukela i-mellitus 2T ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi;
- isifo sikashukela 1T ngemijovo ye-insulin.
Isisindo Sokulahleka kwesicelo
Kungenzeka yini ukuphuza iMetformin yokunciphisa umzimba, uma ushukela kuyinto evamile? Lokhu kuqondiswa kokuvezwa kwezidakamizwa kungenxa yamandla ayo okulwa hhayi kuphela ngama-plaque emithanjeni yegazi, kodwa futhi nangama-deposits angamafutha.
Ukwehla kwesisindo lapho ukuphuza umuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo ezilandelayo:
- ijubane eliphezulu le-oxidation;
- ukwehla kwenani lama-carbohydrate atholakele;
- ukwanda kokuthathwa kweshukela ngoshukela izicubu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umuzwa wendlala engapheli, onomthelela ekuzuzeni okusheshayo kwesisindo somzimba, nawo uyasuswa. Kepha udinga ukushisa amanoni ngenkathi udla.
Ukuze wehlise isisindo, kufanele ushiye:
- amaswidi, ama-dessert;
- imikhiqizo kafulawa;
- amazambane.
Ukuvivinya umzimba ngomusa, njengokuvivinya umzimba nsuku zonke, kuyadingeka futhi. Izinhlobo zokuphuza kufanele zibhekwe ngokucophelela. Kepha ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele.
Isicelo sokulwa nokuguga (anti-ukuguga)
I-Metformin isetshenziselwa futhi ukuvikela izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala emzimbeni.
Yize umuthi ungeyona i-panacea yentsha yaphakade, ikuvumela ukuba:
- buyisela ukunikezwa kwengqondo ngevolumu edingekayo;
- ukunciphisa ubungozi be-neoplasms ebulalayo;
- qinisa izicubu zenhliziyo.
Inkinga enkulu yesitho sokuguga i-atherossteosis, ephazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Nguye obangela iningi lokufa okwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ukufakwa kwe-cholesterol okuholela ku-atherossteosis kwenzeka ngenxa:
- ukwephulwa kokusebenza okufanele kwamanyikwe;
- ukwehluleka emasosheni omzimba;
- Izinkinga ze-metabolic.
Isizathu futhi yindlela yokuphila yokuhlala abantu asebekhulile abayiholayo, kuyilapho begcina umthamo ofanayo nokuqukethwe kilojoule wokudla, futhi ngezinye izikhathi yebo okuwedlula.
Lokhu kuholela ekumeni kwegazi emithanjeni nasekwenzeni amadiphozithi e-cholesterol. Umuthi uyasiza ekwehliseni i-cholesterol, uthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi wenze umsebenzi wazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo ziwenze ubejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke ingabe iMetformin ingathathwa uma singekho isifo sikashukela? Kungenzeka, kodwa kuphela lapho kungekho mibango.
Ukuxhumana ngokusetshenziswa kwe-Metformin yile:
- i-acidosis (i-acute noma engamahlalakhona);
- isikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukondla;
- ukungezwani nalesi sidakamizwa;
- ukwehluleka kwesibindi noma kwenhliziyo;
- infarction myocardial;
- Izimpawu ze-hypoxia ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi;
- ukomisa komzimba ngama-pathologies athelelekayo;
- izifo zamapheshana emathunjini (izilonda);
- ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba.
Faka isicelo seMetformin yokunciphisa isisindo nokuvuselela umzimba kubalulekile uma ucabanga ngemiphumela emibi engenzeka:
- ingozi yokwanda kwe-anorexia;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo kungenzeka;
- kwesinye isikhathi ukunambitheka kwensimbi;
- i-anemia kungenzeka
- kukhona ukwehla kwenani lamavithamini e-B, kanti futhi kuyadingeka ukuthathwa okwengeziwe kwamalungiselelo aqukethe;
- ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile, i-hypoglycemia kungenzeka;
- ukusabela komzimba okungahle kube nakho kungaholela ezinkingeni zesikhumba.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Izici ze-Pharmacological kanye nemiyalo esetshenziselwa umuthi weMetformin:
Indlela yokusebenzisa iMetformin hhayi yokwelapha isifo sikashukela ayijwayelekile. Qala ukuzelapha bese ukhetha isilinganiso esifanele ngokwakho ngaphandle kokuxhumana nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngemiphumela eyingozi ongayilindelanga. Futhi akukhathalekile ukuthi iziguli ziyizwa kanjani ukuthopha, ukubamba iqhaza kukadokotela inqubo yokwehlisa isisindo / ukuvuselelwa ngosizo lweMetformin kuyadingeka.
