Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus kwesinye isikhathi iba yisimanga esingathandeki endodeni. Ukuze uvimbele ukuvela kwe-pathology enjalo, kubalulekile ukubheka isisindo somzimba nokudla kwakho, futhi ukwazi ukuthi yini isiko le-ushukela wegazi emadodeni ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60 ukusuka emunweni.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo soshukela segazi sendoda siyashintsha. Isibonelo, iminyaka engu-14-30 ubudala, le nkomba ingu-4.1-5.9 mmol / L, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50-60 kufanele ibe ngu-4.6-6.4 mmol / L.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, kwenzeka izinguquko ezibalulekile emzimbeni ezithinta ushukela wegazi. Ukuhlolwa okufundisa kakhulu kwenziwa esiswini esingenalutho. Okuqukethwe kufanele kuthathwe ngokuya ngemithetho ethile.
Luyini ushukela futhi lwenzelwe ini?
I-glucose yinto esemqoka esetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla wamaseli nezicubu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukondla ubuchopho ngesikhathi. Esimweni sikashukela ophansi, ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho, amafutha ayashiswa.
Njengomphumela wokubhujiswa kwabo, kuvela izidumbu ze-ketone, okukhona ngazo ukuthi zilimaze kakhulu umzimba womuntu, futhi ikakhulukazi ebuchosheni bakhe.
Ukudla kuyindlela eyinhloko yokungenisa le nto emzimbeni. Iphinde ihlale esibindini njenge-carbohydrate - glycogen. Lapho umzimba unesidingo se-glycogen, kuvuswa ama-hormone akhethekile enza kusebenze izinqubo ezithile zokuguqulwa kwe-glycogen ibe ushukela.
Ukukhohlisa umzimba
Emuntwini, izinga le-glucose esegazini lincike enanini le-insulin ekhiqizwa kanye nobudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi amaseli womzimba abona kanjani ukuthi i-insulin idlala indima.
IGlucagon yi-hormone ebandakanyeka ekusimameni ushukela wegazi.
I-hormone yokukhula yi-hormone yokukhula elawula i-carbohydrate metabolism. Le nto ikhulisa kakhulu ushukela, futhi iyi-antulin antagonist. I-hormonal ekhuthaza i-thyroid ibandakanyeka kwindlala yegilo futhi isimamise izinqubo ze-metabolic.
I-Dexamethasone yi-glucocorticosteroid hormone ebandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene ze-metabolic. I-hormone inyusa ukugeleza ushukela kusuka esibindini kuya egazini. I-Cortisol futhi iyi-hormone elawula i-carbohydrate metabolism. Ngenxa yesenzo sayo, ukwakheka kweglucose esibindini kuyakhuphuka.
I-Adrenaline ikhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal, ithuthukisa i-glycogenolysis ne-gluconeogeneis. Izinga loshukela wegazi emadodeni emva kweminyaka engama-60 nalo lizoncika enanini lamahomoni abhalwe phansi, ngakho-ke, odokotela bayeluleka, ngaphezu kwezifundo ngamazinga weglucose, nokuzivivinya ngala ma-hormone.
Igazi nalo lithathwa esiswini esingenalutho.
Ukusebenza okujwayelekile
Ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela kanye ne-prediabetes, umthamo weglucose uqhathaniswa nokujwayelekile osunguliwe.
Amadoda amaningi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60 yobudala anezinga likashukela eliphakeme kunokujwayelekile. Odokotela bakwehlisa kancane kancane amazinga abo kashukela aphephile ngemuva kwamahora ayisishiyagalombili esiswini esingenalutho.
Izinga likashukela wegazi emadodeni ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60 mmol / l:
- esiswini esingenalutho i-4.4-55, mmol / l,
- amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla ushukela, 6.2 mmol / l,
- i-prediabetes: 6.9 - 7.7 mmol / L.
Odokotela baxilonga isifo sikashukela uma ushukela weqa ibha ka-7.7 mmol / L.
Imikhuba yoshukela wegazi emadodeni emva kweminyaka engama-60, ngokuya ngempilo yabo:
- ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho: 5.5-6.0 mmol / l,
- Imizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kwasemini: 6.2-7.7 mmol / L,
- ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-120: 6.2-6.78 mmol / l,
- ngemuva kwamahora angama-5: 4.4-6.2 mmol / L.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi indlela ejwayelekile kashukela wegazi kwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-60 ingaphakathi kuka-3.8 -, 8 mmol / l. Ithebula lapho izindinganiso zobulili nobudala zizokusiza ukuqhathanisa izinkomba zakho namazinga.
Amadoda aneminyaka yobudala kufanele athathe izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa amazinga kashukela azinzile ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ephephile futhi agweme izimo lapho lo mkhawulo udlulwa khona. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha isimo ngemuva kweminyaka engama-56-57.
Uma ngokungabaza, ukuhlolwa kuyaphindwa futhi. Isifo sikashukela singase singabonakali nganoma iyiphi indlela, kepha ezimweni eziningi sivele sibe ukugula okuhlala njalo. Ukunqunywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kukhombisa isilinganiso soshukela nsuku zonke ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
Ushukela futhi uthinteka yi:
- isifo sezinso
- izinga le-hemoglobin engajwayelekile,
- lipids.
Isidingo sokuxilongwa ukuthi sikunikeza nethuba lokufunda amandla wokukhula ushukela egazini.
Ukuboniswa kwesifo sikashukela
Odokotela bathi isilinganiso sabashukela besilisa kufanele sibe ku-3.5-5.5 mmol / L.
Uma inkomba ingaphezu kuka-6.1 mmol / l, lokhu kubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela noma isimo se-prediabetes.
Izimpawu zesifo yilezi:
- ukwehlukana okungapheli
- ubuthakathaka
- ukuntuleka komzimba
- i-migraine yemvelaphi engaziwa,
- ukunciphisa umzimba
- umuzwa ojwayelekile wokoma okhonayo
- isifiso esinamandla
- umlomo owomile
- ukuchama njalo
- ukulungiswa kwesikhumba okunganele,
- ukuluma, imvamisa esifundeni se-inguinal,
- furunculosis.
Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezisohlwini, kufanelekile ukuthi kuhlolisiswe ngokushesha. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubonakaliswa okuvela emadodeni ngemuva kweminyaka engama-55-56, njengomthetho, kusho i-hyperglycemia. Imvamisa, ngemuva kokuhlola owesilisa, udokotela wenza ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela.
Ucwaningo lwelebhu
I-Glycemia ilinganiswa nge-glucometer ngenkathi kufundwa igazi kusuka emithanjeni nasesandleni somunwe. Umehluko, ngokwesilinganiso, ungu-12%. Ezimweni zaselebhu, izinkomba zizobe zinembile kunakwimeko yokwehla kwegazi.
Idivayisi ihlala ikhombisa amanani aphansi, futhi uma i-glucose esegazini lowesilisa inyuswa, khona-ke ukuhlaziya kwelabhoratri kuzophikisa noma kuqinisekise inkomba etholwe ngaphambili.
Ucwaningo lokubekezelela i-glucose ukuzimisela kwezinga lokuzwela i-insulin, okungukuthi, amandla amaseli ukuyibona. Ukuhlaziywa kokuqala kuthathwa esiswini esingenalutho, emva kwalokho umuntu uphuza u-75 g we-glucose ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-120 abuye anikeze negazi.
Ucwaningo lwenziwa kuphela esiswini esingenalutho. Noma yiliphi inani lokudla liqukethe inani elithile lama-carbohydrate angena egazini lingene emathunjini. Ngemuva kokudla, noma ngabe yikuphi, i-glucose izokwandiswa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi okungenani kudlule amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngemuva kwesidlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi esiphezulu sinqunyelwe kungabi ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-14 ngemuva kokudla. Izinto ezibonakalayo, ezimweni eziningi, zithathwa emunweni.
Ungawusehlisa kanjani ushukela ophezulu?
Uma owesilisa enezinsolo zokuthi kunembile kwemiphumela yocwaningo, kuyadingeka ukwazisa udokotela oholayo ngalokhu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ingozi yokuzelapha, ngoba lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele, kube nzima ukuselapha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukukhuphuka kungadala ukuphambuka okubonakalayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komzimba wonke. Lokhu kuba imbangela yokugula okuncane, okuvame ukubonwa kushukela.
Uma ungalinaki inani elikhona loshukela egazini, khona-ke ngemuva kwenkathi ethile kungabakhona umphumela obulalayo noma ushintsho oluphelele emzimbeni, ngokwesibonelo, ukulahleka okuphelele kombono kushukela. Izinguquko ezinjalo azenzeki onyakeni owodwa noma emibili, kodwa uma zingamiswa, ukukhubazeka akunakuphikwa.
Uma esimweni esejwayelekile i-glucose ekhiqizwa emzimbeni iguqulwa ibe amandla futhi inikeze amandla, khona-ke okweqile kwayo kulimaza kakhulu abantu. Kulokhu, ushukela uphenduka i-triglyceride, uqongelela njengama-deposits wamafutha kanti onesifo sikashukela uthola isisindo ngokushesha.
Uma kunoshukela omningi, kusegazini, ukuvimba ukuphulukiswa kwesikhumba futhi kwenza igazi lihlenge futhi likhulu. Kulokhu, ifomu le-atherosclerotic plaques.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, izinga lokuguga lomzimba emadodeni liyashesha, ngakho-ke ukwenziwa kwe-glucose okweqile egazini kwenzeka njalo. Ifinyelela kumakhompiyutha amapilisi, ngaleyo ndlela idale ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-glyceration. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi eside nokuqongelela kwama-free radicals egazini.
Ukweqisa glucose kungavusa:
- izifo ezibangelwa yi-glycemia,
- ukunciphisa umbono ngenxa yomonakalo noma ukucekelwa phansi kwe-retina,
- ukuxoshwa kwemithambo yemithambo nemithambo,
- ukungasebenzi kwengqondo,
- Izinga le-pathological yebhalansi ye-acid,
- ukuvuvukala
- umthamo omkhulu wama-radicals wamahhala.
Kancane kancane yehlisa izinga lokugeleza kwegazi oku-coronary. Ngakho-ke, kuvela ezinye izinkinga eziningi.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokunciphisa ukugxila kwe-glucose ephezulu:
- ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
- umuthi wendabuko
- umuthi wamakhambi
- ukwelashwa kwe-insulin.
Ama-infusions ahlukahlukene kanye nokudla okunesifo sikashukela, okufanele kube okungapheli, kusiza ukuguqula amazinga kashukela.
Kuyasiza futhi ukusebenzisa i-infusions yokuphulukisa kusuka empandeni ye-plantain ne-burdock, kanye namaqabunga e-bay kanye ne-blueberry.
Ushukela wegazi ubuye wehliswe uma uvivinya umzimba njalo. Njengoba usunqume ukudlala imidlalo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuqina nokuvama kokuqeqeshwa. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60, udinga ukubhekisisa ikakhulukazi isimo sohlelo lwezinhliziyo nokugwema ukucindezela ngokweqile.
Isazi esivela kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngamazinga kashukela ajwayelekile egazi.
