Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo esibi, ukuthuthukiswa kwako okuhambisana nokuvela kwenqwaba yezinkinga emzimbeni womuntu. Imvamisa, izinkinga ezenzeka emzimbeni zithinta umsebenzi wenhliziyo, izinso, isibindi, uhlelo lwezinzwa, isikhumba nabanye.
Kaningi, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zizibuza ukuthi ngabe kufanele kuthathwe i-Vitamin D ngokungeziwe nokuthi ngabe ukudla okwengeziwe kwe-Vitamin kungasenza ngcono isimo somuntu ogulayo.
Muva nje, kwenziwa izifundo eziqinisekisa umphumela we-vitamin D emzimbeni womuntu onesifo sikashukela.
Ukuthatha umthamo owengeziwe we-vithamini kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo nasekuqedeni inkambo yesifo emzimbeni.
Umphumela we-Vitamin D ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela
Ucwaningo lwakamuva selwamukele ngokwethembekile ukuthi kukhona ubudlelwane be-pathogenetic phakathi kukavithamini D nohudo.
Kusungulwe ngokuthembekile ukuthi inani elinganele laleli khemikhali elisebenzayo lenyusa ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela emzimbeni kanye nezinkinga ezivame ukuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.
IVithamini D yisakhiwo esisebenza ndawonye esibhekene nomzimba womuntu ukuze sigcine amazinga aphakeme we-phosphorus ne-calcium. Ngokuntuleka kwale ngxenye emzimbeni, kwehla inani le-calcium.
Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium emzimbeni kuholela ekunciphiseni kokukhiqizwa kwamaseli we-pancreatic beta yi-hormone insulin.
Ucwaningo lutholile ukuthi ukunakwa okwengeziwe kwamalungiselelo aqukethe i-Vitamin D ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule kakhulu izinga likashukela emzimbeni womuntu.
Umphumela wekhompiyutha ekhiqiza amazinga we-calcium emzimbeni kuholela ekutheni ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwamaseli akhiqiza i-insulin yezicubu ze-pancreatic kuncike kokuqukethwe kwevithamini D emzimbeni.
Ngokuya ngobungako bezakhi zomzimba emzimbeni, amaqembu abantu ahlukahlukene ahlukaniswe:
- izinga elanele le-vithamini - ukuqoqwa kwento kusukela ku-30 kuye ku-100 ng / ml;
- ukuswelakala kokulinganisa okulinganiselwe - ukuqoqwa kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-30 ng / ml;
- ukuba khona kokuntuleka okukhulu - ukuqoqwa kwe-vithamini kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-20 ng / ml;
- ukuba khona kwenani elilinganiselwe ngokwedlulele le-vithamini - ukuqoqwa kwenhlanganisela emzimbeni womuntu kungaphansi kwe-10 ng / ml.
Lapho uhlola abantu abanesifo sikashukela, ezingaphezu kwezi-90% yeziguli sinenkinga ye-Vitamin D emzimbeni, ekhonjiswe ngezinga elithile noma kwelinye.
Lapho ukuqoqwa kwamavithamini D kungaphansi kwama-20 ng / ml, amathuba okuthola i-metabolic syndrome esigulini ayanda. Ngezinga elincishisiwe lamakhompiyutha e-bioactive esigulini, ukuncipha kokuzwela kwezicubu zangaphandle zokuncipha kwe-insulin kuya kwi-insulin ye-hormone kuyabonakala.
Kusungulwe ngokuthembekile ukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D emzimbeni wengane kungasusa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Ucwaningo selusungule ukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-vithamini kunomthelela ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2 kuphela, kodwa futhi nendlela ekhethekile yesifo sikashukela esenzeka lapho kuzalwa umntwana.
Ukwenza okujwayelekile emzimbeni wesiguli sokuqoqwa kwaleli khompiyutha kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela.
Isici sikaVitamin D
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Vitamin kwenziwa emzimbeni womuntu ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe ye-ultraviolet, noma kungena emzimbeni kanye nokudla okuqothulwayo. Inani elikhulu lale ngxenye ye-bioactive litholakala ekudleni okufana namafutha enhlanzi, ibhotela, amaqanda nobisi.
IVitamin D ingelinye lamakhemikhali e-fat-soluble bioactive. Leli khompiyutha aliyona ivithamini ngomqondo wasendulo wale ncazelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-complication ithinta umzimba ngokuxhumana nama-receptors akhethekile atholakala kulolwelwesi lweseli lwamaseli wezicubu eziningi. Lokhu kuziphatha kwesimo se-biioactive kufana nezakhiwo zehormone. Ngalesi sizathu, abanye abacwaningi babiza le-D-hormone eyindilinga.
IVithamini D, etholwe ngumzimba noma eyenziwe ngawo, iyinhlangano ye-inert. Ukuze kusebenze futhi kuguqulwe kube uhlobo olusebenzayo lwe-D-hormone, ezinye izinguquko ze-metabolic kumele zenzeke kanye nalo.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuba khona kwevithamini, ezakhiwa ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic.
Lezi zinhlobo zamakhompiyutha e-bioactive angokulandelayo:
- I-D2 - ergocalciferol - ingena emzimbeni ngokudla komsuka wesitshalo.
- I-D3 - i-cholecalciferol - yakhiwa esikhunjeni ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet elangeni noma iza ngemuva kokudla ukudla kwemvelaphi yezilwane.
- I-25 (OH) D3 - 25-hydroxycholecalciferol - iyi-hepatic metabolite, okuyisinkomba esiyinhloko se-bioavailability yomzimba.
- I-1,25 (OH) 2D3 - 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol isakhi samakhemikhali esinikeza ama-bioeffits amakhulu wevithamini D. Isimo esiyi-metabolite yi-renal metabolite.
Ama-Metabolites akhiwa esibindini anomthelela omkhulu wezinto eziphilayo emzimbeni womuntu.
Umphumela we-vitamin D kumaseli we-beta kanye nezinga lokumelana ne-insulin
Ama-metabolites akhiwa kumaseli wesibindi anomphumela obonakalayo ekusebenzeni kwamaseli we-beta wezicubu ze-pancreatic.
Ukuthonya emsebenzini wamaseli kungaba ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukile.
Indlela yokuqala iwukungenisa ngokuqondile ukufihlwa kwe-insulin ngokwenza kusebenze iziteshi ze-calcium ezingekho emthethweni ezikhethiwe. Ukwenza kusebenze kwale ndlela kuholela ekwandeni kokudla kwama-calcium ion ku-cytoplasm yamaseli e-pancreatic beta, okuholela ekwandisweni kokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin.
Indlela yesibili yokuthonya ngokusebenzisa ukwenziwa okungaqondile kwe-calcium-based enda-cell endopeptidase, ekhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwe-proinsulin ifomu elisebenzayo - i-insulin.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Vitamin D ibandakanyeka ekusebenzeni kwento yokubhalwa kohlobo lwe-insulin futhi ivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-insulin ukumelana syndrome.
Izinga lokuzwela kwezicubu kwe-insulin kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekwakhekeni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ama-metabolites asebenzayo enzelwe esibindini angathinta ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana izicubu ezithinta i-insulin. Umphumela we-metabolite kuma-receptors uholela ekusetshenzisweni okwengeziwe kwe-glucose kusuka ku-plasma yegazi ngamangqamuzana, kwehlise kakhulu izinga layo emzimbeni.
Umphumela wama-metabolites atholakala esibindini emsebenzini we-pancreatic beta-cell kanye nama-cell receptors we-insulin-peripheral izicubu zomzimba kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinga eliphakeme loshukela emzimbeni lihlala isikhathi esifushane, futhi isilinganiso sesinxephezelo sikashukela sithuthuka kakhulu.
Ukuba khona kwesilinganiso esanele se-vitamin D emzimbeni kunciphisa amathuba okuthuthuka kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala lapho kukhona ushukela emzimbeni. Inani elanele lama-metabolites e-Vitamin D asemzimbeni lisiza ukunciphisa amathuba okuhlangana kwezinkinga emzimbeni ophethwe yisifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Izinga elanele lama-metabolites asemzimbeni avumela isikhathi eside ukwehlisa isisindo somzimba phambi kwesisindo esengeziwe, esivamile ngokwakhiwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 emzimbeni.
IVitamin D ngezindlela zayo ezisebenzayo ithinta inkomba yezinga le-leptin le-hormone emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kusiza ukukhulisa umuzwa wokuzwela.
Inani elanele le-liptin emzimbeni lifaka isandla ekuphathweni okuqinile kwenqubo yokuqongezwa kwezicubu ze-adipose.
Ungakusiza kanjani ukwelashwa kwe-Vitamin D emzimbeni?
Uma, ngesikhathi sokuqashwa kwelabhoratri, inkomba yezinga 25 (OH) D itholakala iphansi. Ukwelashwa ngokuphuthumayo kuyadingeka.
Inketho yokwelashwa efanelekile kunazo zonke ikhethwa udokotela oholayo ngemuva kokuhlola umzimba ngokugcwele nokuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa okunjalo, kanye nokucabanga ngezimpawu zomzimba ngamunye.
Indlela yokwelashwa ekhethwe udokotela nayo ixhomeke ekujuleni kobuthakathaka emzimbeni 25 (OH) D, ukugula okuhambisanayo nezinye izici.
Esimweni lapho isiguli singazange siveze izifo ezinkulu zezinso nezinso. Lokho kwelashwa kuqukethe ukuthatha uhlobo olungasebenzi lwe-Vitamin D.
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe emithini equkethe ifomu D3 noma i-cholecalciferol. Ukusetshenziswa okulesi simo semithi equkethe ifomu D2 akunconywa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo aqukethe ifomu D3 ekwakhiweni kwawo kudinga ukubalwa okunembile komthamo womuthi, ngokuya ngeminyaka yesiguli nesisindo somzimba wayo.
Ngokwesilinganiso, umthamo wesidakamizwa osetshenzisiwe usukela ku-2000 uye ku-4000 IU ngosuku. Uma isiguli esintula i-bioactive compound emzimbeni sinesisindo somzimba esithe xaxa, umthamo womuthi osetshenzisiwe ungakhuphuka ufike ku-10,000 IU ngosuku.
Uma isiguli siveza ukugula okubucayi kwezinso nezinso, udokotela uncoma ukuthatha imishanguzo equkethe uhlobo olusebenzayo lwesimo sezinto eziphilayo ngesikhathi sokulashwa
Ngaphezu kokuthatha imishanguzo equkethe uvithamini D, kuyadingeka ukuguqula kakhulu indlela odla ngayo ogulayo onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ukhuphula izinga lokuhlanganiswa kwezakhi zomzimba emzimbeni wesiguli, kuyadingeka ukwethula lokhu kudla okulandelayo ekudleni:
- inyama yesalimoni;
- amaqanda
- i-halibut;
- ama-sardine;
- IMackerel
- izinhlanzi ze-tuna;
- uwoyela wezinhlanzi;
- amakhowe;
- isibindi;
- iyogathi
- ubisi.
Uma kunokuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D emzimbeni, kunconywa ukuthi isiguli sihlele izinsuku zezinhlanzi izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto. Izinhlanzi ezihlosiwe zilusizo kakhulu kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Isazi sevidiyo esikulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngevithamini D nangezinzuzo zayo emzimbeni.
