Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi isifo sikashukela yisifo esiyingozi esinezimpawu eziningi ezihlangana, izinkinga ezibangelwa ukulahleka kwemisebenzi yakhona eyisisekelo ngamanyikwe. Amaseli weziqhingi zeLangerhans awakwazi ukukhiqiza inani elifanele le-insulin ye-hormone, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izinga leshukela egazini lomuntu lihlala liguquka, kunomkhuba wokukhulisa i-glycemia.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda salesi simo se-pathological, izinkinga ziyakhula, izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi, ukwanda kwengcindezi ye-arterial ne-intraocular, okuyimbangela yezifo ezinzima zezitho zombono. Enye yalezi zifo yi-glaucoma. Odokotela baphawula ukuthi kuma-diabetes, i-glaucoma yenzeka kaningi kaningi kuneziguli ezingenazinkinga ze-metabolic.
Lapho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela esihlushwa i-hyperglycemia isikhathi eside sinokuphazamiseka okubukwayo, kuqala ngomonakalo we-retina, oqukethe inani elihlaba umxhwele lezinzwa ezincane nemithambo yegazi.
Uma izikebhe nemiphetho yezinzwa zithinteka kabi i-glucose umzuzu nomzuzu, izindonga zazo zinciphile ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ngaleyo ndlela zidale ukwanda kwengcindezi ye-intraocular, ushintsho lwe-pathological ku-fundus, ne-iris. Njengoba isimo siba sibi kakhulu, kuvela isifo se-glaucoma, lapho i-retina ibhujiswa ngokuphelele.
Izici ze-glaucoma kushukela
Njengomphumela wokuchayeka kwesilinganiso esikhulu ngokweqile seglucose, izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziyachithwa, umzimba ekuphenduleni ngenkuthalo ukhiqiza ukukhula, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithambo yegazi emisha. Ngokunengqondo, akukho lutho olungahambi kahle ngale nqubo, imikhumbi yakudala iyachithwa, okusha kuza endaweni yabo.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kubonakala nje kunjalo ekuqaleni kokuqala. Inkinga ukuthi la ma-neoplasms awazi ngaso sonke isikhathi izimfanelo ezidingekayo empilweni nasempilweni yamehlo, abangela ukulimala okukhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokungapheleli kwawo.
Ngokwanda kwe-neoplasm, kubonakala kukhula ku-iris yamehlo, kuvimbela ukuphuma kwemvelo koketshezi lwe-intraocular, ingcindezi emehlweni ikhula ngokuqinile. Lapho uketshezi lungakwazi ukuphuma, uhlelo lokudonsa iso luvaleka, kuvala i-angle, okukhinyabeza ukulimaza okubonakalayo okuphelele, ukuthuthukiswa kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-glaucoma yesibili - i-neovascular. Isifo esinjalo, uma ungathathi ukwelashwa okwanele, kuyindlela eqondile yokuqedela ubumpumputhe.
Isimo esikhulu ongasusa kuso i-glaucoma ne-glaucoma yesibili yile:
- ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kwesifo sikashukela;
- ukugcina ushukela wegazi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile.
Ngokushesha lapho uqala ukulwa ne-pathology, kulapho kuvela khona ithuba lokuthola kabusha, ukulondolozwa kombono. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kokuxilongwa, uma kungenjalo kungenzeka ukuthi i-atrophy yomsebenzi obonakalayo wamehlo nokungaboni kuzoba cishe amaphesenti ayikhulu.
Izimpawu zesifo
Kunezimpawu okufanele ziqwashise isiguli ngesifo sikashukela ezinjengokuthi: ngezikhathi ezithile zobuhlungu emehlweni, imibuthano enemibala phambi kwamehlo lapho ugxilisa amehlo akho emthonjeni okhanyayo, i-nebula esithombeni, ukungajabuli emehlweni ngokubhekene nesizinda sobuhlungu ekhanda okufika emuva kwekhanda namathempeli. .
Ukuhlaselwa kakhulu kwalesi sifo kuvame ukucasulwa ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela, lapho isinxephezelo sesimo singena esigabeni esibolile, ukuhlaselwa kwe-glaucoma nakho kungavela.
Ukuhlolwa kwesiguli kungasiza udokotela ukuthi ahlole ngokufanele; ukuqina kwe-vasodilation ye-eye, ukuvuvukala komqubuko, i-asymmetry yabafundi kuzoba yizimpawu zokugula. Lesi sifo sizokhonjiswa ukwehla kwezinga kanye nokuncipha kwezindawo ezibukwayo, ukuncipha kwegumbi elingaphandle kwamehlo, kanye nokwanda kwengcindezi ye-intraocular.
Ukuhlaselwa okuqakathekileyo kubonakaliswa ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo, ukuwohloka okukhulu kwekhwalithi yombono, izinhlungu ngesikhathi sokukhathazeka kwamehlo.
Imigomo ejwayelekile yokwelashwa kwe-glaucoma kushukela
Umuthi usungule izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha i-glaucoma ngasikhathi sinye, uma ukutholakala kokuxilonga bekufika ngesikhathi, khona-ke ukuthuthuka kwayo okuqhubekayo kungamiswa nezidakamizwa ezilula ezihlukile ngendlela emnene emzimbeni wesiguli. Ukwelapha okwanele kunikeza isiguli ithemba lokuqedwa ngokuphelele kwalesi sifo. Kaningi, izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini le-adrenoblocker ziyanconywa, okungukuthi: I-Timolol, iLatinan, iBetaxolol.
Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi yi-ophthalmologist okumele inikeze noma yimuphi umuthi, yonke inqubo yokwelashwa, kanye nokulungiswa komthamo odingekayo womuthi kufanele ube ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwakhe okuqinile. Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi abanesifo sikashukela bazidabukele, bazenzele imishanguzo, ngoba amaphilisi amaningi anokusabela okuhle okuzoba nomthelela omubi kakhulu kulesi sifo esiyisisulu - isifo sikashukela.
Imvamisa, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngezinkomba ezintathu eziphambili. Baqala inkambo yokwelashwa ngezinsizakalo ezikhethekile ezisiza ukuthuthukisa ngokuphelele yonke inqubo emzimbeni, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi ku-optic nerve, imithambo yegazi yeso ethinteke yi-glaucoma. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukulungisa isimo sokucindezelwa kwe-intraocular.
Ngenxa yokwelashwa ukuze uthuthukise izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu:
- ukuvimbela izinqubo ezithile;
- inkambiso ye-glaucoma iyama.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo eziholela ekutholakaleni kwe-eye dystrophy ziyaqedwa emzimbeni womuntu.
Lapho wenza ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, uma zonke izinto ezingenhla zifakiwe, isidingo sokwelashwa kanye nokususwa kwe-glaucoma kuvinjelwe.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa
Njengamanje, odokotela benza izindlela eziningana zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa ukuze bakhiphe i-glaucoma. Kungaba yi-scleroderma ejulile engenzi lutho, inqubo esisiza ukubuyisela ukulingana okujwayelekile koketshezi ngaphakathi kwesitho sombono. Inqubo enjalo isebenza kahle, phakathi nenkambo yayo amehlo awafakwa kwisibhobo, udinga nje ukuncipha ulwelwesi lweso.
Enye inqubo ukufakwa kwamalensi. Kaningi kwenzeka ukuthi i-glaucoma ibuye ihambisane nokukhubazeka (lapho kunamafu we-lens), kulokhu kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuxazulula izinkinga ezintathu ezinkulu ngasikhathi sinye: ukususwa kwe-cataract, ukuvimba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-glaucoma, kwehlise umfutho wegazi we-intraocular. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, i-glaucoma ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela iyaqedwa. ngenxa yokuthi udokotela udala izimo zokuphuma kokuphuma kwamanzi futhi ngasikhathi sinye ilensi ifakiwe.
Mhlawumbe okuphumelela kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela kuzoba ukwelashwa kwe-laser yezilonda zamehlo, kepha le nqubo inesizathu kuphela ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, lapho kutholakala ukuthi sinesikhathi esifanele. Kodwa kunezimo lapho ukwelashwa kwe-laser yesifo sikashukela kwenziwa esigabeni sesithathu, ukwelashwa kwaphumelela.
Noma ngabe iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa kwe-glaucoma:
- isiguli asitholi usizi, izinhlungu;
- cishe akukho microtrauma emzimbeni wamehlo.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa ukususa i-neoplasms emehlweni kuvunyelwe ngisho nasezimweni lapho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sinezinkinga ezahlukahlukene emlandweni walesi sifo kusuka esibindini, izinso nasenhlizweni.
Izindlela zokuvimbela lesi sifo
Isimo sokuqala lapho ukuvinjelwa kwe-glaucoma kwisifo sikashukela kungavinjelwa ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo, ikakhulukazi uma kunokuncipha kombono kushukela.
Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokwelashwa efanelekile ngqo kuya ngokuthi inkinga ikhonjwe kanjani ngokushesha. Ngokushesha lapho lesi sifo sitholakala, okulula futhi kungabi buhlungu usususa.
Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi asikho isidingo sokwelashwa nokusetshenziswa kwemithi, kwanele ukugcina izinkomba ze-glycemia zisezingeni elifanele, zenze ushintsho ekudleni kweziguli, ekudleni kwakhe futhi zifake nokuvivinya okulinganiselayo ngokomzimba nsuku zonke.
Ngokuya ngemithetho engenhla, isiguli sikashukela sizokwazi ukukhohlwa ngezinkinga zaso zokubona noma sidambise inkambo yesifo ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma nge-glaucoma kushukela.
