Ukuvezwa kwesifo sikashukela kuyindaba ethinta abantu abaningi abanezinsolo ngokutholakala kwalesi sifo emzimbeni. Izimpawu eziningi zesifo sikashukela zibonakala ngamehlo enqunu.
Kuleso simo, uma unaka kakhulu izimpawu ezivelayo, isifo singamiswa. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka, isifo sikashukela sibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni wabantu abadala nezingane.
Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele kuzovikela ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Lokhu kulandela ukuthi isifo esifana nesifo sikashukela singavusa ukukhula kwenqwaba yezinkinga nokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezitho ezahlukahlukene nezinhlelo zazo emzimbeni.
Isifo sikashukela yisifo esingamahlalakhona esihambisana nokungahambi kahle ohlelweni lwe-endocrine.
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko esibonakala sesifo sikashukela sibonisa ngendlela yokwanda kwe-glucose emzimbeni wesiguli. I-glucose ingumthombo oyinhloko wamandla kuwo wonke amaseli wezicubu.
Okuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu emzimbeni kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ushukela uqala ukukhipha umphumela onobuthi emzimbeni.
Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwesifo sikashukela kungokulandelayo:
- kukhona ukwehlulwa kohlelo lwe-vascular;
- izicubu zezinzwa zithintekile;
- kukhula ikati;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nephropathy, i-retinopathy ne-neuropathy kuyatholakala.
Ukuboniswa kwesifo sikashukela kuya ngokuya kushiwo njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka futhi kuba nezinkinga ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kwalesi sifo
Izimpawu zokuqala zangaphandle ziqala ukuvela maduze nje ngemuva kokunyuka koshukela wegazi nokugcina isimo esinjalo emzimbeni isikhathi eside. Ushukela ojwayelekile wegazi ucishe abe ngu-5.5 mmol / L. Lesi sifo siqala ukuzibonakalisa ngokwanda ushukela aze afike ku-9-13 mmol / l.
Izimpawu zokuqala isiguli ezikwazi ukuzithola ziningi futhi zichame ukuchama kaningi. Kwezinye izimo, inani lomchamo okhishwa ngosuku lingadlula amalitha ama-2. Okunye ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela ukuvela okujwayelekile kokuchama ebusuku.
Umthamo womchamo uyakhuphuka, ngoba okuqukethwe kukhuphuka kweglucose kuholela ekutheni izinso ziqale ukuconsa ngokweqile kwaleli khompiyutha kumchamo. Ukwanda kokuchama komchamo kuvusa ukuhoxiswa kwamanzi emzimbeni. Lesi simo siholela ekuqothulweni komzimba.
Isibonakaliso sangaphandle sokwehla komzimba ukubukeka kwesikhumba esomile nokwanda kokuqina kwawo, kukhona ukoma ezindebeni kanye nokushoda kokugcotshwa yizindlala ze-salivary. Iziguli zizizwa zomile kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, inani uketshezi olusetshenziswa ngosuku lungafinyelela kumalitha angama-4-5.
Uma isiguli sinezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, qeda ukoma ngamajusi wezithelo amnandi namanzi acwebezelayo, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwale mikhiqizo kukhulisa isimo somzimba kuphela.
Izimpawu ezinjengokwenyuka kwesibalo somchamo okhishwe kanye nokubonakala komile kakhulu kungukuziphendulela komzimba okulesi simo. Ukuze uqede ukoma kwakho, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile angajwayelekile ngaphandle kwegesi noma itiye elibuthaka elingatholakali esimweni esinjalo.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela, ukunqwabelana kwe-glucose egazini kwenzeka, kepha akukwazi ukungena ngaphakathi kwamaseli, ngenxa yalokho amaseli wezicubu zomzimba aqala ukuzwa indlala yamandla, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwezimpawu ebuchosheni obangela umuzwa wendlala.
Ukubonakala kwendlala kucasulisa isifiso somuntu esandayo, ngenxa yezinguquko ezenzekayo, umuntu udla inani elikhulu lokudla futhi angazizwa egcwele.
Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela
Izimpawu eziphambili ezibonakala kubo bonke abadala nasezinganeni, ngaphezu kwalokho okungenhla, zimi ngokulandelayo.
Umuntu ukubukeka kwesisindo ngokweqile. Ukukhuluphala kunomthelela ekuqubukeni kwento efana nokumelana ne-insulin. I-insulin ye-hormone iyadingeka ngumzimba ukuze ushukela ongena emangqamuzaneni avela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla ukungena esitokisini.
I-glucose engena kumaseli ihlinzeka ngokulinganisela kwamaselula.
Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla kufaka isandla ekwakhekeni okusheshayo kwamafutha omzimba, futhi ukuvela kokungazeleleki kwamaseli ku-insulin kuholela ekuqongeleleni ushukela emzimbeni.
- Ukuvela kokukhathala okungamahlalakhona. Ukuntuleka kwamandla emangqamuzaneni kuholela endlala yamandla, okubangela umuzwa wokukhathala okungapheli. Ukudla okwenziwa njalo akuvumeli ukusindisa lesi simo, ngoba i-glucose ayikwazi ukungena kumaseli. Ukudla ukudla okuphezulu kuphela kuholela ekuzuzeni kwesisindo kanye nokukhuluphala.
- Ukuvela kokuncipha okwandayo. Umuntu ngemuva kokuyithatha uzizwa enesidingo sokulala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ushukela ongena emzimbeni awangeni ngamaseli. Futhi kuholela ekwandeni kwesisindo somzimba ngenxa yemizwa eqhubekayo yokukhathala nokuntuleka kwamandla, ubuchopho bomuntu buhlangabezana nendlala yamandla, okuvusa isidingo sokulala.
Ukungavikeleki kweseli kwe-insulin kuvusa ukubukeka kwe-hyperinsulinism emzimbeni, okuyi-insulin ethe xaxa emzimbeni. I-Hyperisulinism iholela ekutheni i-glucose engena emzimbeni iguqulwe ngokushesha ibe ngama-deposits wamafutha bese umuntu eqala ukuzizwa elambile.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ngokutholwa kwezimpawu zokuqala kufanele kuqale ngokubuyiselwa kokuzwela kwamaseli we-insulin ancike kuma-insulin.
Ukubuyiselwa kokuzwela kwe-hormone kunomthelela ekunyamalakeni kwendlala yamandla.
Izimpawu eziphambili zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane
Esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane, ukuncipha kwesisindo kuyabonakala. Lolu phawu lubonakala kakhulu kwisifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Yilolu hlobo lwesifo ukuthi ubulili obuhle buvame ukuthinteka kakhulu. Ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni, ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka.
Ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kwesifo sikashukela kuholela ekukhuluphele. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kubonakala ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemetaboliki emzimbeni kanye noshukela ongenayo wokuqongelela uhlobo lwamafutha ezicutshini ze-adipose. Imvamisa, ukubukeka okushesha kwesisindo ngokweqile kwabesifazane kuyabonakala ngesikhathi sokuzala umntwana.
I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, ngenxa yentuthuko, ivusa ukubukeka komile ongalawulwa. Ukoma okungalawulwa kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ngisho nangemva kokuphuza amanzi amaningi, owesifazane uzizwa womile emlonyeni.
Ukungalingani kwamandla okwenzeka emzimbeni wowesifazane kuholela ekutheni owesifazane onesifo sikashukela azizwe ekhathala njalo, kanti azikho izizathu ezibonakalayo zokuvela kwalomuzwa emzimbeni. Ukuba khona kokukhathala okungapheli ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla emangqamuzaneni kungenye yezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kowesifazane.
Kwisifo sikashukela, ukukhula emzimbeni wowesifazane, ukubonakala kokufiphala kungumbono. Lolu phawu lubonakala ngenxa yokuthi kuvela ushukela omningi emzimbeni, okuholela ekuphazamisweni ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezibukwayo.
Ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni wowesifazane kuholela ekuphulweni kwe-microflora yomzimba. Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic yizifo zangasese, ezingalapheki.
Izifo zokukhunta ezisuka emzimbeni, okokuqala, zithinta ulwelwesi lwezitho zangasese sowesifazane nesikhumba somzimba sowesifazane.
Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela emzimbeni womuntu
Izimpawu ezinkulu ezaqalwa yisifo sikashukela emadodeni yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ukwenzeka kobuthakathaka obujwayelekile kanye nokwehla okukhulu kokusebenza;
- ukubonakala kokulunywa esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi lokhu kusebenza esikhunjeni esisendaweni yangasese;
- ukuphazamiseka kobulili, ukuqhubekela phambili kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokungabi namandla;
- ukwenzeka kwemizwa yokoma, ukoma emgodini womlomo nokuzizwa ulambile njalo;
- ukubonakala esikhunjeni sezindlela zokwenziwa izilonda, ezingapholi isikhathi eside;
- ukuchama njalo;
- ukubola kwamazinyo nokugquma.
Kwabesifazane, isibonakaliso esibonakalayo sesifo sikashukela ukubonakala komzwa onamandla wokoma nokwanda kwawo, emadodeni, uphawu lokuthola isifo sikashukela ukwanda koshukela wegazi nokukhula kokungabi namandla. Ukwehla kwe-potency kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ukuhamba kwegazi kuya ezithweni sangasese kuncishisiwe, futhi lokhu, kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone. Ukwehla kwamazinga e-hormone kuholela ekungasebenini.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokubukeka kokuphazamiseka kocansi endodeni, ezinye izinkomba zesifo ziqala ukuthuthuka. Njengomphumela wokuthuthuka kokungabi namandla kwabesilisa, izimpawu zomthelela wokuxineka kwengqondo emzimbeni ziyabonakala.
Amaqembu ezimpawu athize esethulweni sezempilo sikashukela
Izimpawu izici zesithombe somtholampilo sikashukela zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amakhulu amakhulu - eyokuqala neyesekondari.
Izimpawu eziphambili yilezi. I-Polyuria - ukuphuma komchamo, okucasulwa ukwanda kwengcindezi ye-osmotic ngenxa yokwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-glucose. Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko isifiso esandayo sokuchama kanye nokwanda kwamanani omchamo.
IPolydipsia ukwenzeka kokuzwa okungapheli komile njalo. Isibonakaliso singenxa yokwanda kwethamo lomchamo obukhulu kanye nokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba.
I-polyphagy umuzwa ongapheli wendlala, ngisho nangemva kokudla. Isibonakaliso sivela njengomphumela wokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba - uphawu uphawu lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Lesi sibonakaliso sivela ngenxa yokwanda kwamaprotheni kanye ne-fat catabolism, esebenza ngaphandle kokukhishwa ku-glucose metabolism.
Izimpawu eziphambili ezimpawu zesifo sikashukela zikhula kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, iziguli zikhombisa ngokunembile isikhathi sokuboniswa kokuqala kwezimpawu zesifo sikashukela emizimbeni yazo.
Izimpawu zesibili zifaka phakathi izimpawu ezingacacisanga, lezi zimpawu ziba kancane kancane esikhathini eside. Lezi zimpawu zitholakala kwiziguli ezinaloluhlobo lokuqala nolwesibili lwesifo sikashukela.
Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa:
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba nolwelwesi lwe-mucous (ukulunywa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane sangasese),
- umlomo owomile
- ubuthakathaka bemisipha obujwayelekile
- ikhanda
- izilonda zesikhumba ezivuvukayo okunzima ukuzelapha,
- ukungaboni kahle
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphawu lwesibili ukugcotshwa kwe-acetone yizinso, okusobala uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. I-Acetone ivela emzimbeni ngenxa yokonga kwamafutha avuthayo, osebenza ngenxa yokuntuleka kweglucose emangqamuzaneni.
Yini okufanele uyenze lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela?
Uma kutholakala izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni, kufanele uthintane nodokotela we-endocrinologist ukuthola izeluleko nokuhlolwa komzimba. Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela ehlole isiguli futhi angaqedi zonke izifo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo, unquma ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukwelashwa udokotela kukhethwa kuye ngohlobo lwesifo kanye nezimpawu zomzimba womuntu ogulayo.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngaphambi kokuxilonga, udokotela ohamba yedwa akazifaki izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo sikashukela se-nephrogen, i-hyperparathyroidism nabanye.
Ngasikhathi sinye, lapho kuhlolwa umzimba, izimbangela zokubonakala kwesiguli kweleveli ekhuphukile yoshukela emzimbeni ziyasungulwa, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela luyanqunywa. Imvamisa le nkinga ixazululeka kalula, kepha kwezinye izimo, kudingeka olunye uhlolo lwesiguli.
Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela emzimbeni wakho, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho ukuthola usizo ngokushesha okukhulu. Kulula ukwelapha isifo ekuqaleni kwesifo saso kunalezo zimo lapho isifo singanakwa bese sikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinkinga ezibucayi zomzimba.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni kutholakale futhi ngokushesha ukwelashwa kwaso kuqalile, mancane amathuba okuba isiguli sibe nezinkinga ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic.
Uma kunesidingo, thintana nesiguli kungaxhumana nodokotela we-endocrinologist noma owelaphi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukulinganisa okuphindaphindwe kokuqukethwe ushukela ku-plasma yegazi ngezikhathi ezihlukile zosuku kuyadingeka. Izilinganiso zenziwa kahle kakhulu elabhorethri yezokwelapha futhi amadivaysi wokuzihlola kufanele angathenjwa, ngoba anephutha elikhulu lokulinganisa. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokusiza ufunde ngesifo sikashukela.
