Izinga le-glycemia lingenye yezindlela eziphambili zokuhlola izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu, le nkomba ngqo incike ekuhlushwa ushukela egazini. Njengoba i-glucose ingumthombo oyinhloko wamandla, kubalulekile ukugcina le nto ingaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile.
Inqubo yokwenza amandla kagesi iyinkimbinkimbi impela, okokuqala ushukela ungena egazini ngokudla, ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin abe yimpendulo yokwanda koshukela. Yile mahomoni ebhekele ukwehlisa i-glycemia.
I-insulin isiza ukukhuphula izinga lokuvunyelwa kwezilonda zamangqamuzana ezingena ngalo egazini lingene egazini. Ushukela omningi uguqulwa ube yi-triglycerides, glycogen yokugcina amandla.
Noma isiphi iseli emzimbeni sincike esilinganisweni se-glucose egazini, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kubalulekile ukuqapha njalo ushukela. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi i-glycemia inyuka masisha ngemuva kokudla, lapho ama-carbohydrate asheshayo nama-polysaccharides ephuka phansi abe ushukela. Ukuze ushukela ungakhuphuki, kufanele usebenzise kuphela ama-carbohydrate ahamba kancane, anenkomba ye-glycemic ephansi.
Amanani we-glucose angahluka:
- ngokunyuka kokushisa komzimba;
- ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba;
- ezimweni ezicindezelayo.
Ezinye izinqubo zisiza ukulawula ushukela wegazi: gluconeogeneis, glycogenolysis. Esokuqala sihilela ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucose kusuka kumakhemikhali e-organic, okwesibili kufaka ukwakheka kwayo kusuka ku-glycogen, etholakala emthanjeni wesibindi wesibindi.
Ukulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela
Ukuqapha i-glycemia kuyadingeka ekuxilongeni okufika ngesikhathi nasekulawuleni okukhulu kwesifo sikashukela. Okwamanje, izindlela ezimbili zisetshenziselwa ukuthola izinkomba zoshukela wegazi: ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose okusheshayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose.
Igazi lokufunda lamazinga we-glycemic lithathwa emunweni, ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, isiguli kufanele senqabe ukudla ukudla okungenani amahora angama-8.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose kunikeza isiguli ukudla okujwayelekile. Ucwaningo lwenziwa esiswini esingenalutho, qiniseka ukuthi ngemuva kwamahora ayishumi yokuzila ukudla, ukungabhemi, ukuphuza utshwala.
Odokotela bayenqabela ukwenza ucwaningo uma onesifo sikashukela esesimweni esicindezelayo somzimba, lokhu kungaba:
- i-hypothermia;
- ukwanda kokuqina kwesibindi;
- isikhathi sokuya esikhathini;
- izinqubo ezithathelwanayo.
Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, kukhonjiswa ukuthi izidakamizwa ezingathinta ushukela wegazi ziyakhonjiswa: ama-hormone, ama-diuretics, ama-antidepressants, ama-contracepiment, izinto ze-psychotropic.
Ngaphezu kwezindlela ezijwayelekile zelebhu zokuhlola izinkomba ze-glycemia, amadivaysi atholakalayo wokubheka ushukela wegazi ngaphandle kwesikhungo sezokwelapha angasetshenziswa.
Ukulawulwa kweshukela
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zazi ukuthi zingalawulwa kanjani ushukela wegazi lazo ngaphandle kokushiya ikhaya. Ngalezi zinhloso, kunconyelwa ukuthenga insiza ekhethekile - i-glucometer. Imiphumela etholwe kusetshenziswa idivaysi ithembeke kakhulu.
Nge-glycemia ezinzile, ukulawulwa kweshukela kuhlobo 2 sikashukela kungahle kungabi nzima, kepha ukubhekisisa njalo amazinga kashukela akunakugwenywa nohlobo lokuqala lwesifo, ukulimala kwezinso kwesibili okubangelwa yisifo sikashukela. Futhi, kulawulwa i-glucose kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela, i-glycemia engazinzi.
Ama-glucometer anamuhla ayakwazi ukusebenza ngenani elincane legazi, anedayari eyakhelwe ngaphakathi lapho kubalwa khona zonke izilinganiso zikashukela. Imvamisa, ukuthola umphumela onembile, ithonsi elilodwa legazi lanele, ungalawula ushukela wegazi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku noma kuphi.
Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso se-glycemia esibhedlela sinokufundisa okwengeziwe. Izinga likashukela libhekwa njengejwayelekile uma lishintsha phakathi:
- kusuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / ilitha (ngegazi le-capillary);
- isuka ku-4,4 iye ku-6.6 mmol / ilitha (egazini le-venous).
Lapho kutholakala amanani aphezulu noma aphansi kakhulu, sikhuluma nge-hypoglycemia noma i-hyperglycemia, izimo ezinjalo ze-pathological ziyingozi ngokulinganayo empilweni yabantu, zingavusa ukuquleka, ukulahleka kwengqondo nezinye izinkinga.
Umuntu ongenaso isifo sikashukela uvame ukuba nezinkinga ezithile zokuhlaselwa ngeglucose. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokuqhekeka kwe-glycogen esibindini, ukufakwa kwamafutha nemisipha yamathambo.
Ushukela ungancipha ngaphansi kwesimo sokulamba isikhathi eside, ukuncipha komzimba okusobala, izimpawu zizoba: ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha, ukuvimbela kokuphendula kwezengqondo.
I-Hyperglycemia ne-hypoglycemia
I-Hyperglycemia kufanele iqondwe njengokwanda kwe-glycemia, lesi simo sitholakala lapho imiphumela yokuhlaziya ikhombisa izibalo ezingenhla kwe-6.6 mmol / lit. Uma kwenzeka kwe-hyperglycemia, kukhonjiswa ukuthi kuphindwe kulawulwa ushukela wegazi ophindaphindwayo, ukuhlaziywa kuyaphindwa kaningi phakathi nesonto. Uma izinkomba ezi-overestimated zitholakala futhi, udokotela uzosola isifo sikashukela.
Izinombolo ezisebangeni ezisuka ku-6,6 kuye ku-11 mmol / ilitha zibonisa ukwephulwa kokumelana ne-carbohydrate, ngakho-ke, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlola okwengeziwe kweglucose. Uma le ndlela yokucwaninga ikhombisa ushukela ngaphezu kwamaphuzu ayi-11, umuntu unesifo sikashukela.
Isiguli esinjalo sibekwa njengokudla okuqine kunazo zonke, uma kungekho kusebenza kwaso, izidakamizwa ezengeziwe zinconyelwa ukwenza i-glycemia ibe ngokwejwayelekile. Ukwelashwa okubaluleke ngokulinganayo kungumzimba olinganiselayo.
Isidingo esiyinhloko sokuba abanesifo sikashukela balawule kalula ushukela wabo irejimeni eyiyo, ehilela ukudla okuvamile, okuvame ukwenziwa. Kubalulekile ukungafaki ngokuphelele ukudla ekudleni:
- ngenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu;
- carbohydrate elula.
Kuboniswa ukususa imikhiqizo kafulawa ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuyibuyisela ngesinkwa ne-bran.
I-Hypoglycemia yisimo esiphambene, lapho ushukela wegazi wehla uye emazingeni abucayi. Uma umuntu ephilile, uvame ukungazizwa ehla we-glycemia, kodwa abanesifo sikashukela, kunalokho, badinga ukwelashwa.
Izimbangela zoshukela olwehlisiwe zingaba: ukuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate, indlala yohlobo 2 sikashukela, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal, ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba.
Futhi, umthamo omkhulu wotshwala ungakhuthaza ukwehla ushukela wegazi.
Ungaligcina kanjani ushukela ojwayelekile
Isixazululo esilungile kunazo zonke sokulawulwa kwe-glycemic ukujwayelekile kokudla, ngoba ushukela ungena emzimbeni usuka ekudleni. Kwanele ukulandela imithetho ethile esiza ukuthi ingaphazamisi umzimba.
Kuyasiza ukudla ama-sardine, i-salmon, inhlanzi enjalo ithinta kahle i-metabolism ngenxa yokuba khona kwamafutha acid. Ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela kusiza utamatisi, amakhambi, ama-apula. Uma umuntu ekhetha ukudla amaswidi, kungcono ukhethe ushokoleti omnyama wemvelo .. Ungenza uhlu lokudla okunjalo ocingweni, lokhu kuzokusiza wenze isinqumo esifanele.
Ngokusebenzisa i-fiber, i-normalization of metabolism ye-carbohydrate ingatholakala, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amathuba wokushintsha kwe-glycemia.
Ukusebenza ngokomzimba okuhleliwe kunomthelela ekuqondisweni kwezinkomba ze-glycemia hhayi ngaphansi:
- ukuzivocavoca okuhlukahlukene kudla i-glycogen kahle;
- ushukela, oza nokudla, awukhulisi ushukela.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isifo sikashukela kubandakanya indlela ethile yokuphila. Uma ulandela izincomo, ulondoloze impilo enempilo futhi ulawula ushukela wegazi, isiguli asihlushwa yizifo ezihlangana futhi azizizwa kahle izimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Okunye ukuvimba kuzosiza ukugwema ukulahleka kombono kushukela.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izonikeza imininingwane ephelele ngamazinga kashukela wegazi.
