Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus uhlobo lwesifo esiholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic ngaphansi kwethonya lesici esisodwa sesici - ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini ngaphezu kokujwayelekile.
Isifo sikashukela ngokufa sisendaweni yesithathu ekuvamekeni kwezifo. Izindawo ezimbili zokuqala zihlaselwe izifo ze-oncological kanye ne-pathologies yenhliziyo. Lapho kutholakala ukugula isikhashana, kuzoba lula ukulawula.
Kulula ukunquma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma uqonda izimbangela zentuthuko, ikakhulukazi amaqembu ayingozi nezimpawu. Mayelana nokuthi ungathola kanjani ukuthi ushukela wegazi uphakanyisiwe, ekhaya, imichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola, i-glucometer namanye amadivaysi angasho.
Izimpawu
Uhlobo ngalunye "lwesifo sikashukela" lunezimbangela ezihlukile nendlela yokudala, kepha bonke babelana ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifanayo kubantu beminyaka ehlukene nabobulili obuhlukile.
Phakathi kwezimpawu ezivelele kunazo zonke:
- ukunciphisa isisindo noma isisindo somzimba,
- ukoma, umlomo owomile,
- ukuchama okungapheli ngenani elikhulu lokuphuma komchamo (kwesinye isikhathi kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-10).
Lapho isisindo somzimba sishintsha, lokhu kufanele kuqwashise, ngoba isifo sikashukela siveza ngokuqondile nalesi sibonakaliso sokuqala.
Ukwehla kwesisindo okubukhali kungakhuluma ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ukuqina kwesisindo kuwuphawu lwesifo sohlobo 2.
Ngaphezu kokubonakaliswa okuyinhloko, kukhona uhlu lwezimpawu, ubulukhuni bazo obuya esiteji sesi sifo. Uma kutholakala ushukela omningi egazini lomuntu isikhathi eside, khona-ke kuvela:
- iminyakazo, usindayo emilenzeni namathole,
- ukwehla kwamandla okubuka,
- ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, isiyezi esiqhubekayo,
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba naku-perineum,
- Izifo ezithathelanayo ezingapheli
- ukwelashwa okuhlala isikhathi eside kokuhlukumezeka kanye namanxeba.
Ubungako bokubonakaliswa okunjalo kuncike esimweni somzimba wesiguli, ushukela wegazi kanye nobude besifo. Uma umuntu enokoma okunganqeneki emlonyeni wakhe nokuchama kaningi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuhlola izinga likashukela wegazi.
Lezi zibonakaliso ziyizinkomba ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela sokuqala. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ozokunikeza ukuhlolwa kwezivivinyo eziningana, ezithi:
- urinalysis
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela.
Imvamisa lesi sifo siqala futhi siqhubeke ngaphandle kwezimpawu, futhi ngokushesha siveza njengezinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kufanele uhlolwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka futhi ungazinaki izivivinyo zokuzivikela zomeluleki.
Ama-Tester Strips
Ithuluzi elilula nelingabizi kakhulu lokulawula ukugxilwa kukashukela imichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola. Zisetshenziswa cishe sonke sikashukela.
Ngaphandle, imichilo yamaphepha ihlanganiswa nama-reagents akhethekile, futhi lapho uketshezi lungena, imichilo ishintsha umbala. Uma kukhona ushukela egazini, khona-ke umuntu uzokwakha ngokushesha lokhu ngomthunzi we strip.
Izinga le-glucose imvamisa liyi-3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L. Le nkomba ingeyokuhlaziywa, okuthathwa ngaphambi kwesidlo sasekuseni. Uma umuntu edla kakhulu, ushukela ungakhuphukela ku-9 - 10 mmol / l. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esithile, ushukela kufanele unciphise ukusebenza kwawo kuye kufinyelela ezingeni elalikhona ngaphambi kokudla.
Ukuze usebenzise imivimbo yokuhlolwa futhi unqume ushukela egazini, udinga ukunamathela kuma-algorithm alandelayo ezenzo:
- geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho uzesule,
- fudumeza izandla zakho ngokuhlikihla komunye nomunye,
- faka isilondolozi esihlanzekile noma esomile etafuleni,
- ukugcoba noma ukuxhawula izandla ukwenza ukuhamba kwegazi kube ngcono,
- ukuphatha nge-antiseptic,
- yenza ukubhoboza umunwe ngenaliti ye-insulin noma ithuluzi elilahlekayo, isikhafu
- yehlisa isandla sakho bese ulinda kuze kubonakale igazi,
- thinta umucu wegazi ngomunwe wakho ukuze igazi limboze insimu ye-reagent,
- sula umunwe wakho ngokotini noma ngebhandeshi.
Ukuhlolwa kwenzeka ngemizuzwana engama-30-60 ngemuva kokufaka igazi ku-reagent. Imininingwane etholakalayo ingatholwa ngokufunda imiyalo yemichilo yokuhlola. Isethi kufanele ibe nesikali sombala lapho umphumela uqhathaniswa.
I-glucose ethe xaxa, iba mnyama umbala. Umthunzi ngamunye unenombolo yawo ehambelana nezinga loshukela. Uma umphumela uthatha inani eliphakathi nendawo kwinkambu yokuhlola, udinga ukwengeza amadijithi ama-2 aseduze futhi ubonise isilinganiso sokubala.
Ukunqunywa koshukela emchameni
Abahloli basebenza ngomgomo ofanayo, ohlinzeka amandla okuthola ushukela emchameni. Umuthi uvela kumchamo uma egazini inkomba yawo ifinyelela ngaphezu kwe-10 mmol / l. Lesi simo sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi umbundu we-renal.
Uma inani loshukela esegazini lingaphezu kwe-10 mmol / l, khona-ke uhlelo lokuchama alukwazi ukubhekana nalokhu, bese kuthi glucose kukhishwe umchamo. Ushukela omningi ku-plasma, kulapho usuchama khona umchamo.
Imichilo yokunquma izinga le-glucose ngomchamo awudingi ukusetshenziswa kohlobo lweshukela sikashukela, nakubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umkhawulo wezinso uyakhuphuka, futhi ushukela kumchamo kungenzeka ungaveli kuzo zonke izimo.
Ungenza isivivinyo ekhaya, kabili ngosuku: ekuseni kakhulu kanye namahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla. Umucu we-reagent ungabekwa ngokuqondile esikhundleni somchamo noma uphonswe embizeni yomchamo.
Lapho kunoketshezi oluningi, udinga ukululinda lube yingilazi. Abahloli abanezandla noma besula ngama-napkins abemukelekile ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa, ungabheka imiphumela bese uyiqhathanisa nesilinganiso sombala esikhona.
Ngokusetshenziswa kokuqala kokudla okumnandi, ushukela kumchamo ungakhuphuka, okudingeka unake ngaphambi kocwaningo.
Kusetshenziswa amamitha kashukela egazi
Imininingwane ye-glucose enembile ingatholwa kusetshenziswa idivayisi efakazelwe - i-glucometer. Ngale divayisi, ungabona ngempumelelo ushukela wegazi lakho ekhaya.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, umunwe ubhobozwa nge-lancet, kudonswa ithonsi legazi emgqeni - umhloli bese kuthi okokugcina kufakwe ku-glucometer. Imvamisa, nge-glucometer, ungathola ngokoqobo ngemizuzwana eyi-15 ushukela wegazi wamanje.
Amanye amathuluzi angagcina imininingwane mayelana nezilinganiso zangaphambilini. Izinketho ezahlukahlukene zamadivayisi wokuhlola ushukela asekhaya atholakala njengamanje. Bangaba nesibonisi esikhulu noma umsindo okhethekile.
Ukuqapha impilo yakho, amanye amamitha kashukela egazi angadlulisa idatha kanye namazinga kashukela wegazi, futhi anqume isilinganiso samanani. Ucwaningo kufanele lwenziwe njalo esiswini esingenalutho. Izandla kufanele zihlanzwe kahle ngaphambi kokuthatha izilinganiso.
Besebenzisa inaliti, benza ukubhoboza okukhanyayo komunwe, kufafaze igazi elincanyana emgqeni bese befaka umucu wokuqamba entweni. Uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kahle, esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke inkomba ejwayelekile ingu-70-130 mg / dl. Lapho ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla, okujwayelekile kufinyelela ku-180 mg / dl.
Ukubona ngokuthembekile ukuthi ushukela uphezulu kakhulu, ungasebenzisa ikhithi ye-A1C. Le divayisi ikhombisa izinga le-hemoglobin ne-glucose emzimbeni womuntu ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule. Ngokusho kwe-A1C, okujwayelekile akuyona ngaphezu kwe-5% ushukela egazini.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela esisolisayo bangathatha igazi kusuka ngaphezu komunwe nje. Njengamanje, ama-glucometer akuvumela ukuthi uthathe izinto ezibonakalayo kusuka ku:
- ehlombe
- ingalo
- isisekelo sesithupha
- okhalweni.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukutholwa kweminwe kunesilinganiso esiphakeme sokuphendula kuzinguquko, ngakho-ke, imiphumela enembile kunazo zonke izoba segazi elithathwa lapho.
Akunasidingo sokuthembela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa uma kunezimpawu ze-hyperglycemia noma uma izinga likashukela likhuphuka futhi liwe ngokushesha.
I-GlucoWatch, ukhanyo olukhanyayo, iMiniMed
Njengamanje, inketho ethuthuke kakhulu yokuthola ushukela wegazi yi-GlucoWatch ephathekayo. Kubukeka njengewashi; kufanele igqoke njalo esandleni. Idivayisi ilinganisa ushukela izikhathi ezi-3 ngehora. Ngaso leso sikhathi, umnikazi wegajethi akadingi ukwenza lutho.
Iwashi i-GlucoWatch isebenzisa amandla kagesi ukuthatha uketshezi oluncane esikhunjeni futhi lusebenze lolo lwazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sisetshenziswa sokuguqula izinto akulimazi noma kulimaze abantu.
Enye into esetshenziswayo yisixhobo se-laser esikala ushukela wegazi sisebenzisa ugongolo olukhanyayo oluqondiswe esikhunjeni. Le ndlela ayinabuhlungu ngokuphelele futhi ayidali ukungaphatheki kahle nokuphazamiseka kwesikhumba, noma ngabe isetshenziswa kangaki.
Ukunemba kwemiphumela kuncike ekuqinisweni kwesibalo sedivayisi. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokuheha odokotela abanolwazi ngayo yonke imininingwane edingekayo.
Njengedivayisi yokunqunywa okuqhubekayo kokugxila kwe-glucose, ungasebenzisa uhlelo lweMiniMed. Liqukethe i-catheter encane yepulasitiki efakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba somuntu.
Lolu hlelo lwamahora angama-72 ngezikhathi ezithile luthatha igazi ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi lunqume ukugcwala kweglucose. Idivayisi imiphumela ethembekile kakhulu.
Imiphumela ingathinteka ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, okumele icatshangwe lapho usebenzisa le mishini yokuxilonga.
Uma kunokungabaza okuthile mayelana nokwethenjwa kwemiphumela etholwe kusetshenziswa izinto zasekhaya, kufanele uthintane nodokotela. Uyokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokuphelele futhi anikeze uchungechunge lokuhlolwa kwelebhu.
Izinga le-glucose egazini lisuka emunweni lijwayelekile, uma likububanzi obungu-6.1 mmol / l, ushukela okuchama akufanele wedlule i-8.3 mmol / l.
Futhi emakethe kuqhamuke ama-glucometer asanda kuvela ngaphandle kwama-strip test. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhombisa ukuthi amazinga kashukela wegazi anqunywa kanjani.
