I-diabetes mellitus ingukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal emzimbeni lapho kukhiqizwa khona i-insulin enganele emanyikwe noma ama-receptors asezicubu aphelelwe umuzwa wawo ngakho.
Ngokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo, i-carbohydrate, amafutha ne-protein metabolism kuyaphazamiseka.
Isifo sikashukela mellitus sezinhlobo ezimbili:
- Uhlobo lokuqala (oluthembele nge-insulin) - ngokuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, i-insulin iyajova.
- Uhlobo lwesibili (olunga-insulin-elizimele) - i-insulin kungenzeka lwanele, kepha izicubu azisabeli kulo. Iphathwa ngezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela.
Kuzona zozimbili lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukudla okondlayo nezitsha zokudla zabantu abanesifo sikashukela, abazindlela zabo zokupheka zingaqukethe ushukela kanye nama-carbohydrate alula.
Izimiso zokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela
Ukudla sikashukela kubekelwe zonke izinhlobo nokuhlukahluka kwekhosi. Ngefomu elithambile kanye ne-prediabetes, kungaba ukuphela kwendlela yokwelashwa. Okwabaseleyo - imfuneko yokuhlangana ne-insulin neminye imithi.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zikhonjiswa ngokudla uNo. 9 ngokusho Pevzner. Imigomo eyisisekelo yokudla okuhle koshukela:
Khawulela ama-carbohydrate alula ekudleni okuqukethe ushukela. Ama-carbohydrate kumele eze ngohlobo lwe-digestible kancane (eyinkimbinkimbi) ephuma ezinhlolweni, isinkwa, izithelo nemifino.
Okuqukethwe okwanele kwamaprotheni kanye nokwehla kwamafutha ezilwane. Ukulinganisa usawoti kuya ku-12 g ngosuku.
Ukufakwa kokudla kokudla okucebile kwezinto ze-lipotropic. Zinciphisa ukwehla kwamafutha kwamaseli wesibindi. Kuqukethe ubisi lwe-cottage shizi no-soy, inyama, i-oatmeal.
Qinisekisa ukutholwa okwanele kwamavithamini kanye nefayibha yokudla kusuka kumifino, izithelo, amajikijolo, imvubelo ne-bran.
Ukudla okufanele izikhathi eziyisithupha. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphelele kungu-2500 kcal. Ukuhanjiswa Kwokudla:
- ibhulakufesi i-20%, isidlo sasemini ama-40% nesidlo sakusihlwa - ama-20% wokuqukethwe kwamakhalori onke;
- ukudla okulula okungu-10% ngakunye (isidlo sasemini nesasemini).
Izigaba Zikashukela
Esikhundleni sikashukela, okufakwa esikhundleni kungenelwa ekuphekeni kwabanesifo sikashukela. Abalikhulisi ushukela wegazi; i-insulin ayidingi ukumuncwa kwabo. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zeswidi ziyasetshenziswa:
- I-Fructose - etholakala ngezithelo, imnandi kunoshukela, ngakho-ke idinga isigamu esiningi.
- ISorbitol - ekhishwe kumajikijolo nezithelo, umthamo wansuku zonke awudluli kuma-g angama-50. Unomphumela we-choleretic ne-laxative.
- I-Xylitol yisikhala esimnandi kunazo zonke neshukela eliphansi kakhulu.
- I-Aspartame, i-saccharin - amakhemikhali, uma ngabe idosi selidluliwe, kungaba nezinkinga.
- UStevia - umuthi otholakala kuwo i-stevioside, uphephile ukuwusebenzisa, unomphumela wokwelapha.
Izifundo zokuqala nezindlela zabo zokupheka
Ukulungiselela amasobho, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa inyama ebuthakathaka, umowa noma inhlanzi, imifino nezinhlamvu. Izobho zokupheka imifino, isobho le-beetroot, i-borscht nako kwalungiswa. Ungadla i-okroshka. Ama-broths acebile namafutha, isobho nge-pasta, ilayisi ne-semolina akuvunyelwe.
Isobho elinemifino enamakhowe. Izithako
- iklabishi isigamu senhloko ephakathi;
- usayizi omncane zucchini ama-2 ama-pcs.;
- izaqathe ezincane ama-pcs ama-3 .;
- amakhowe we-porcini noma ama-champignons 200 g;
- u-anyanisi 1 inhloko;
- uwoyela yemifino 3 tbsp;
- iparsley;
- usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Amakhowe asikwe amapuleti. Pheka kuze kuphekwe uhhafu, ukhalise umhluzi. Phonsa iklabishi eligayiwe, i-zucchini kanye nezaqathe emanzini abilayo. Pheka imizuzu eyi-10.
Faka amakhowe, upheke kuze kuthambe. Qoba u-anyanisi ube yimichilo emincane bese uthosa emafutheni. Faka kusobho. Lapho ukhonza, ufafaze nge-parsley eqoshiwe.
Isobho ngezinhlanzi ezinamafutha ezinhlanzi. Izithako
- i-catfish fillet 300 g;
- ubukhulu amazambane 3 ama-pcs.;
- izaqathe 1 pc .;
- iqanda elilodwa;
- ibhotela 1.5 tbsp;
- anyanisi ikhanda elincane;
- dill ½ isixha;
- usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Chop anyanisi kanye izaqathe zibe yimichilo emincane, gazinga emafutheni. Phonsa amazambane adayisiwe emanzini abilayo bese upheka kuze kube yilapho sekumi ngomumo. Guqula i-catfish fillet ngokusebenzisa isigaxa senyama, engeza iqanda nosawoti.
Hlela ama-meatball bese uphonsa kumazambane, upheke imizuzu eyi-15. Faka u-anyanisi izaqathe, upheke imizuzu eyi-10. Sika kahle dill bese ufafaza isobho kuso.
Iklabishi neSobho Bean. Izithako
- iklabishi 1/3 lekhanda;
- ubhontshisi ½ inkomishi;
- anyanisi;
- isanqante 1 pc .;
- ibhotela 1 tbsp;
- dill noma iparsley 30 g
Ukupheka:
Cwilisa ubhontshisi ngaphambi kokupheka cwilisa ubusuku. Hlambulula bese uphonsa emanzini abilayo. Pheka kuze kuthambe. Cola iklabishi bese ufaka ubhontshisi.
Sika u-anyanisi ube yimichilo, ugobe izaqathe ku-grater yamafutha, bese uthela emafutheni. Phonsa u-anyanisi izaqathe kwisobho, upheke imizuzu engu-7. Khonza ngamakhambi oqoshiwe.
Njengoba kunconywa izitsha zenyama, inkukhu ebilisiwe, enenkukhu, i-turkey, unogwaja, inyama yenkomo nengulube ngaphandle kwamafutha. Ulimi olubilisiwe luyavunyelwa, amasoseji aphansi. Kwenqatshelwe ukudla inyama enamafutha, ubuchopho, izinso, ukukhawulela ukudla okuvela esibindini. Amasoseji obhemayo, ukudla okusemathinini, amadada nawo kufanele angabandakanywa.
Izindlela zokupheka inyama
Inkukhu yokudonsa enobhontshisi oluhlaza. Izithako
- fillet yenkukhu 400 g;
- ubhontshisi abasha obuluhlaza 200 g;
- utamatisi ama-2 ama-PC .;
- anyanisi amakhanda amabili aphakathi nendawo;
- imifino emisha ye-cilantro noma iparsley 50 g;
- uwoyela sunflower 2 tbsp;
- ukunambitha usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Sika le fillet ibe yimichilo emincane, gazinga emafutheni. Sika u-anyanisi emasongweni asengxenyeni bese ufaka enkukhu.
Bilisa ubhontshisi oluhlaza kuze kube yilapho sekumi ngomumo. Faka inkukhu, u-anyanisi, ubhontshisi, utamatisi wedayisi epanini, engeza amanzi, lapho kuphekwe khona ubhontshisi ne-cilantro. Pheka imizuzu engu-15.
Inyama enama-prunes. Izithako
- inyama yenkomo 300 g;
- isanqante esiphakathi 1 pc .;
- i-prunes ethambile 50 g;
- khothama i-1 pc .;
- unamathisele utamatisi 1 tbsp;
- ibhotela 1 tbsp;
- usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Bilisa inyama yenkomo ngokusika izingcezu ezinkulu. Sika u-anyanisi ube yimichilo noma izindandatho ezingxenyeni bese usoso ku bhotela. I-prunes eshisayo enamanzi abilayo imizuzu eyi-15.
Epanini, beka inyama, uthathe izingcezu, u-anyanisi, umlungeni. Cofa utamatisi unamathisele ngamanzi bese uthela inyama. Stew imizuzu engama-25.
Izinhlungu Zokupheka
Inhlanzi inconyelwa izinhlobo ezingekho ezinamafutha ngamafomu abilisiwe, abhakwe noma afakiwe. Kukhishwe ekudleni kwenhlanzi ekheniwe ku-oyela, usawoti nenhlanzi enamafutha.
I-Pike perch ebhakwe nemifino. Izithako
- i-pike perch fillet 500 g;
- upelepele obomvu noma obomvu 1 pc .;
- utamatisi 1 pc .;
- anyanisi inhloko eyodwa .;
- ugcoba isigaxa esincane sengxube ye-dill ne-parsley;
- usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Sika u-anyanisi ube izindandatho, utamatisi - ube izingcezu, imichilo yepelepele. Geza i-fillet, yomile bese ugaya ngosawoti.
Gcwalisa izingcezu ze-fillet ku-foil, bese ubeka imifino bese ufafaza ngamakhambi oqoshiwe Bhaka kuhhavini imizuzu engama-30.
Namathisela inhlanzi nge-cottage shizi. Izithako
- i-catfish fillet 300 g;
- izaqathe 1 pc .;
- ushizi we-cottage shizi 5% 2 tbsp;
- dill 30 g;
- usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Pheka i-catfish kanye nezaqathe kuze kuthambe, ushaye ku-blender nge-cottage shizi. Usawoti ukunambitha, engeza dill oqoshiwe.
Izitsha zemifino
Esikhathini sikashukela, izindlela zokupheka zingafaka kuphela imifino ephansi kuma-carbohydrate: i-zucchini, ithanga, iklabishi, isitshalo seqanda, ukhukhamba notamatisi. Amazambane kanye izaqathe, kucatshangelwa ukubamba nsuku zonke ama-carbohydrate. Ama-beet awanconywa.
I-Zucchini ne-cauliflower casserole. Izithako
- i-zucchini encane engu-200 g;
- ukholifulawa 200 g;
- ibhotela 1 tbsp;
- ukolweni noma ufulawa we-oat 1 tsp;
- ukhilimu omuncu 15% 30 g;
- ushizi onzima noma i-Adygea 10 g;
- usawoti.
Ukupheka:
Cwecwa i-zucchini, uthathe izingcezu. Ikholifulawa blanch imizuzu engu-7, disassemble into inflorescences.
I-Zucchini neklabishi eligoqiwe esitsheni sokubhaka. Hlanganisa ufulawa no-ukhilimu omuncu, engeza umhluzi lapho iklabishi lalipheke khona bese uthela imifino. Fafaza ushizi ogayiwe ngaphezulu.
Isithasiselo seqanda seqanda. Izithako
- isitshalo seqanda ama-2 ama-PC .;
- izaqathe ezincane 2 ama-PC .;
- utamatisi ama-2 ama-PC .;
- upelepele omkhulu wensimbi 2 ama-PC .;
- anyanisi 2 ama-PC .;
- uwoyela sunflower 3 tbsp
Ukupheka:
Dice yonke imifino. Fry anyanisi, engeza izaqathe notamatisi kuyo. Stew imizuzu engu-10. Faka imifino esele bese ufaka amanzi uma kunesidingo. Cwilisa kuze kuthambe.
Amakhekhe nama-dessert
Izinhlamvu zingasetshenziswa ngobuningi obunqunyelwe. Ukupheka i-oatmeal, i-buckwheat, amabele ne-pearl barley porridge. I-Semolina, ilayisi kanye ne-pasta akuvunyelwe. Isinkwa sivunyelwe i-rye, ne-bran, ukolweni kusuka kufulawa webanga lesibili kungabi ngaphezu kwama-300 g ngosuku. Ukubhaka ne-puff khekhi akuvunyelwe.
Ama-dessert alungiswa ezithelo, ngaphandle kwamagilebhisi, ngokufakwa kwe-sweeteners. Amakhiwane, ubhanana, omisiwe nezinsuku azifakwa ekudleni. Ushukela, ubhontshisi obukhazikhazi, ujamu, u-ayisikhilimu, amajusi ahlanganisiwe namaswidi akuvunyelwe.
I-Buckwheat pudding nge-cottage shizi. Izithako
- ama-buckwheat groats angama-50 g;
- ushizi wekotishi 9% 50 g;
- i-fructose noma i-xylitol 10 g;
- iqanda 1 pc .;
- ibhotela 5 g;
- amanzi 100 ml;
- ukhilimu omuncu isipuni.
Ukupheka:
Phonsa i-buckwheat emanzini abilayo bese upheka imizuzu engama-25. Gaya i-buckwheat kahle nge-cottage shizi, i-fructose ne-yolk. Shaya amaprotheni bese uxuba ngobumnene ku-buckwheat. Faka isisindo isikhunta nomusi imizuzu eyi-15. Lapho ukhonza, uthele isipuni sikakhilimu omuncu.
I-Cranberry Mousse. Izithako
- cranberry 50 g;
- isipuni se-gelatin;
- xylitol 30 g;
- amanzi 200 ml.
Ukupheka:
- Thela i-gelatin ngo-50 ml wamanzi apholile wehora.
- Gaya ama-cranberry nge-xylitol, u hlanganise ne-150 ml yamanzi, ubilise nengcindezi.
- Faka i-gelatin kumhluzi oshisayo bese uletha kumathumba.
- Ipholile kwisimo esifudumele bese ushaya nge-mixer.
- Thela isikhunta, esiqandisini.
Ukudla okunesifo sikashukela ngenxa yokufakwa kokudla okunempilo kufanele kuhluka, izitsha zihlotshiswe kahle futhi ziphiwe zilungiswe zintsha.
