Inkinga yesifo sikashukela esiyingozi kakhulu i-hyperglycemic coma. Lesi yisimo lapho kunokwanda kokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni kanye nokwehla kwamandla omhlaba ekusebenziseni ushukela. I-coma ingakhula nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kepha kunjalo, amacala okuvela kwawo ngohlobo 2 sikashukela awaqabukanga kakhulu. Imvamisa, ukudangala kwesifo sikashukela kungumphumela wohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela - kuncike kwe-insulin.
Izizathu
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kukhiqizwe ukoma:
- isifo sikashukela esingatholakali;
- ukuphathwa ngokungafanele;
- ukuphathwa okungafanele kwethamo le-insulin noma ukwethulwa komthamo onganele;
- ukwephulwa kokudla;
- ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile, efana ne-prednisone noma i-diuretics.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezici ezimbalwa zangaphandle ezingadala inqubo ye-coma zingahlukaniswa - izifo ezahlukahlukene ezihanjiswa yisiguli ezinesifo sikashukela, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, ukucindezela, nokulimala kwengqondo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngezinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni noma ukwanda kwengcindezi yengqondo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin kukhuphuka ngokunamandla, okungahlali kuthathwa lapho kubalwa umthamo odingekayo we-insulin.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho nokushintshwa kusuka kolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin kuya kolunye kungakhathaza ukukhohlisa kwe-hyperglycemic, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubuyisela esikhundleni sokuqapha bese uqapha isimo somzimba isikhathi esithile. Futhi akumele usebenzise i-insulin efriziwe noma ephelelwe yisikhathi!
Ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa kwengane nakho kuyizinto ezingavusa ubunzima obufanayo. Uma owesifazane okhulelwe enesimo sikashukela sokugcina, esingasoli ngisho nokusola, ukukhohlisa kungadala ukushona kukamama nengane. Uma ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela kwenziwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kufanele usibhekele isimo sakho, ubike noma yiziphi izimpawu ku-gynecologist futhi uqaphe ushukela wakho wegazi.
Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 mellitus, i-complication, i-hyperglycemic coma, zingadalwa yizifo ezihambisana nomsebenzi we-pancreas, ngokwesibonelo, i-pancreatic necrosis. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni i-insulin, ekhiqizwe ngamanani anganele, iba ngaphansi ngisho - ngenxa yalokho, kungaba nenkinga.
Iqembu lengozi
Inkinga enkulu kakhulu, kepha hhayi ukuthuthuka njalo. Iqembu lengozi lifaka phakathi - iziguli ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona, ziyahlinzwa, zikhulelwe.
Ingozi yokuthola i-hyperglycemic coma ikhuphuka kakhulu kulabo abathambekele ekwephuleni indlela yokudla ebekiwe noma abangabukeli phansi ngokungafanele isilinganiso se-insulin esikhishwe. Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungadala ne-coma.
Kwaphawuleka ukuthi i-hyperglycemic coma akuvamile ukuba ikhule ezigulini esegugile, kanye nakulabo abakhuluphele ngokweqile. Imvamisa, le nkinga iziveza ezinganeni (imvamisa ngenxa yokwephulwa okukhulu kokudla, abazali abangavumi ngisho nokusola ngayo) noma iziguli besebancane futhi isikhathi esifushane sesi sifo. Cishe i-30% yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinezimpawu ze-precoma.
Izimpawu zokuwohloka
I-Hyperglycemic coma iba phakathi kwamahora ambalwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinsuku. Izimpawu zokuwohloka okuzayo zikhula kancane kancane. Izimpawu zokuqala yilezi:
- ukoma okungabekezeleleki, umlomo owomile;
- i-polyuria;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza
- isikhumba esikhanyayo;
- Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokudakwa - ubuthakathaka, ikhanda elikhulayo, ukukhathala.
Uma okungenani kunesimpawu esisodwa, hlola ngokushesha ushukela wegazi. Kwisimo esiseduzane nokukhohlisa, singafinyelela ku-33 mmol / L nangaphezulu. Okubi kakhulu kulesisifundazwe ukusidida ngethi ubuthi bokudla obujwayelekile, ngaphandle kokuxhumana ne-hyperglycemia. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi isikhathi esidingekayo ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukwakhiwa kwenhliziyo siphuthelwe bese kuba nobunzima.
Uma kungekho zinyathelo ezithathiwe ukwethula umthamo owengeziwe we-insulin, izimpawu ziyaguquka ngandlela thile, i-precoma iqala: esikhundleni se-polyuria - i-anuria, ukugabha kuyaqina, kuba kaningi, kepha akulethi ukukhululeka. Kuvela iphunga le-acetone liphuma emlonyeni. Ubuhlungu esiswini bungaba ngamazinga ahlukahlukene obukhulu - ukusuka ebuhlungwini obukhulu kuya kubuhlungu. Kungaba khona ukuhanjiswa yisisu noma ukuqunjelwa, isiguli sizodinga usizo.
Isigaba sokugcina ngaphambi kokuba ukoma uvezwe yisiphithiphithi, isikhumba siyoma bese sibanda, sithebe, izinga lokushisa lomzimba ngaphansi kwesijwayelekile. Ithoni yezingqimba zamehlo iwa - uma icindezelwa, izwakala ngathi ithambile, isikhumba se-turgor siyancishiswa. Kune-tachycardia, umfutho wegazi wehla.
Ukuphefumula okungenamsindo kukaKussmaul kubonakaliswa imijikelezo engathandeki yokuphefumula enemiphefumulo enomoya omfushane onamandla kanye nokuphefumula okuningana okuqinayo. Ukuhogela kwe-acetone lapho uphefumula. Ulimi lome, luhlanganiswe nenethiwekhi emdaka. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuza ukukhohlisa kwangempela - umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi, angaphenduli ekukhuthazeni kwangaphandle.
Izinga lokuthuthuka kwe-hyperglycemic coma lihlala lilodwa. Imvamisa, i-precoma ihlala izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Uma ukunakekelwa okungeyona kwezokwelashwa kunganikezwa esibhedlela, ukufa kwenzeka kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuqalwa komthambo.
Inkinga yesifo sikashukela - izindlela
Iphuzu eliyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni ukoma ukuphula umthetho we-cellular metabolism ngenxa yokudlula kwamazinga we-glucose ku-plasma yegazi.
Amazinga aphezulu kashukela ahlanganiswe nokuntuleka kwe-insulin kuholela ekutheni amaseli omzimba awakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla okuqhekeka kwe-glucose futhi athole "amandla" okubulawa yindlala. Ukuvimbela lokhu, i-metabolism yeseli iyashintsha - kusuka ku-glucose, ishintsha iye kwindlela engenawo ushukela yokukhiqiza amandla, noma kunalokho, ukweqiwa kwamaprotheni namafutha kuya ku-glucose. Lokhu kufaka isandla ekuqongeleleni inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yokubola, elinye lawo yimizimba ye-ketone. Banobuthi obuningi futhi esigabeni sokukhonjwa ubukhona babo bubangela ukuzizwa kukhululeka, futhi ngokuqongelela kwabo - ubuthi bomzimba, ukudangala kohlelo lwezinzwa nobuchopho obuphakathi. Ukuphakama kwezinga le-hyperglycemia nemizimba ye-ketone ethe xaxa - iba namandla ngokwengeziwe umthelela wabo emzimbeni nasemiphumeleni yesifo uqobo.
Amakhemisi anamuhla anikeza imichilo yokuhlola ukuthola izidumbu ze-ketone emchini. Kunengqondo ukuwasebenzisa uma izinga le-glucose esegazini lidlula i-13mm mmol / l, kanye nasezifo ezingakhuthaza ukuqala komkhuhlane. Amanye amamitha eglucose egazi nawo anomsebenzi wokuthola imizimba ye-ketone.
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo komzimba onesifo sikashukela
Uma kunobufakazi bokuthi kuqunjelwa ikhekhe, kuyadingeka ukuphatha i-insulin emfushane ngokungashintshi - njalo emahoreni angama-2-3, kuye ngezinga le-glucose egazini, ukulawula izinga likashukela njalo emahoreni ama-2. Ukudla ama-carbohydrate kufanele kube nomkhawulo ngokuqinile. Qinisekisa ukuthatha amalungiselelo e-potassium ne-magnesium, uphuze amanzi amaminerali we-alkaline - lokhu kuzovikela i-hyperacidosis.
Uma izimpawu zingazange zinyamalale ngemuva kokujova kabili kwe-insulin, futhi isimo singazinzanga noma saba sibi, kuyaphuthuma ukuthatha usizo lodokotela. Ukuvakashela udokotela kuyadingeka noma ngabe ipeni lesirinji le-insulin lalisetshenziswa futhi lokhu kwasiza ekuqiniseni isimo. Uchwepheshe uzosiza ekuqondeni izimbangela zokuxinana futhi anikeze nokwelashwa okwanele.
Uma isimo sesiguli sibi kakhulu futhi siseduze kokungazi, kuyadingeka ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Kungenzeka ukususa isiguli ku-coma ngemiphumela emincane yomzimba kuphela emtholampilo.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-ambulensi, unganikeza usizo lokuqala:
- beka isiguli ngakolunye uhlangothi ukuvikela ukujaha ekuhlanzeni nasekuphindeni kolimi;
- ukushisa noma ukumboza ngama-hehtha;
- lawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula;
- lapho uyeka ukuphefumula noma ukukhuluma ngokuthambisa, qala ukuvuselela - ukuphefumula okufakwayo noma ukuphefumula kwenhliziyo.
Abathathu "Hhayi" besigaba sokuqala kusizo lokuqala!
- Awusoze washiya isiguli sodwa.
- Awungeke umvimbe ekuphatheni i-insulin, mayelana nalokhu njengesenzo esinganele.
- Awukwazi ukwenqaba ukushayela i-ambulensi, noma ngabe isimo sesizinzile.
I-Hyperglycemic Coma Prevention
Ukuze ungalethi umzimba ezimeni ezinzima ezinjengokuqina, kuyadingeka ukunamathela emithethweni elula: ulandele njalo ukudla, ujonge njalo amazinga kashukela egazini, futhi ufake i-insulin ngesikhathi esifanele.
Kubalulekile! Qiniseka ukuthi unaka impilo yeshalofu ye-insulin. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ukuphelelwe yisikhathi!
Kungcono ukugwema ukucindezelwa nokuzivocavoca okunzima komzimba. Noma yisiphi isifo esithathelwanayo siyelashwa.
Abazali bezingane abatholakala benesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala kudingeka banake kakhulu ukuqapha ukuhambisana kokudla. Kaningi, ingane yephula isidlo ngasese kubazali bayo - kungcono ukuchaza kusengaphambili yonke imiphumela yokuziphatha okunjalo.
Abantu abaphilile badinga ukubheka ngezikhathi ezithile izinga likashukela wegazi, uma lingajwayelekile, qiniseka ukuthintana nodokotela we-endocrinologist.
Ukuvuselelwa kabusha ngemuva kokukhohlisa noma i-precoma
Ngemuva kwezinkinga ezibucayi ezifana nokukhubazeka, ukunakwa okuningi kudinga ukukhokhwa esikhathini sokuvuselelwa komhlaba. Lapho isiguli sishiya iwadi yesibhedlela, kubalulekile ukudala zonke izimo zokululama kwakhe ngokuphelele.
Okokuqala, landela yonke imiyalo kadokotela. Lokhu kuyasebenza nezondlamzimba kanye nendlela yokuphila. Uma kunesidingo, yeka imikhuba emibi.
Okwesibili, zenzele ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ama-micros amancane nezinto ezilahlekile ngesikhathi sokuxinwa. Thatha ama-vitamin complexes, unake hhayi kuphela ubungako, kepha futhi nekhwalithi yokudla.
Futhi, okokugcina, ungapheli amandla, ungapheli amandla futhi uzame ukujabulela zonke izinsuku. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isifo sikashukela asisona isigwebo, kumane nje kuyindlela yokuphila.
