Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zivakashele udokotela wamehlo njalo ukuze zigweme izinkinga zokubona. Ukugcwala okukhulu koshukela (ushukela) egazini kukhulisa amathuba okuba nezifo zamehlo ezibangelwa ushukela. Eqinisweni, lesi sifo siyimbangela enkulu ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukulahleka kombono kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-20 kuye kwengama-75.
Lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela i-mellitus kanye nenkinga engazelelwe yamehlo (ukubukeka kwenkungu), akufanele usheshe uye ku-opics uthenge izingilazi. Isimo singaba sesikhashana, futhi singadala ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini.
Ushukela omkhulu wegazi kushukela ungadala i-lens edema, ethinta amandla okubona kahle. Ukubuyisa umbono esimweni sawo sokuqala, isiguli kufanele silinganise izinga likashukela egazini, okufanele libe yi-90-130 mg / dl ngaphambi kokudla, nemizuzu engu-1-2 ngemuva kokudla, kufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-180 mg / dl (5-7.2 mmol / l kanye ne-10 mmol / l, ngokulandelana).
Lapho nje isiguli sifunda ukulawula amazinga kashukela wegazi, umbono uzoqala ukululama kancane. Kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu ukululama ngokuphelele.
Umbono ophuphuthekile kushukela kungaba uphawu lwenye inkinga yamehlo - ebaluleke kakhulu. Nazi izinhlobo ezintathu zezifo zamehlo ezenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela:
- I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.
- Glaucoma
- I-Cataract
I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
Iqembu lamaseli akhethekile aguqula ukukhanya okudlula ilensi liye esithombeni ibizwa nge- retina. I-Optical noma i-Optic nerve idlulisela imininingwane ebonakalayo ebuchosheni.
I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ibhekisela ezinkingeni zesimo semithambo (esihambisana nomsebenzi ophazamisekile wemithambo yegazi) esenzeka kwisifo sikashukela mellitus.
Le lesion yeso yenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo wemikhumbi emincane futhi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-microangiopathy. Ama-Microangiopathies abandakanya ukulimala kwezinzwa zesifo sikashukela nesifo sezinso.
Uma imithambo yegazi enkulu yonakele, lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-macroangiopathy futhi sifaka phakathi nezifo ezinzima njengokushaywa unhlangothi kanye ne-myocardial infarction.
Izifundo eziningi zemitholampilo zifakazele ukuhlangana noshukela wegazi ophezulu nge-microangiopathy. Ngakho-ke, le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngokufaka i-normal glucose egazini.
I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyimbangela eyinhloko yobumpumputhe obungaphenduki. Isikhathi eside sikashukela siyisici esiyinhloko sengozi ye-retinopathy. Lapho umuntu egula isikhathi eside, kulapho eba khona amathuba okuba abe nezinkinga ezinkulu zokubona.
Uma i-retinopathy ingatholakali ngesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ekungaboni kahle.
I-retinopathy ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kuyaqabukela. Kaningi, lesi sifo sizibonakalisa kuphela ngemuva kokuthomba.
Eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala yesifo sikashukela, i-retinopathy ayiveli kubantu abadala. Ngokuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela kuphela lapho ingozi yokulimala kwe-retinal ikhuphuka.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqashwa nsuku zonke kwamazinga kashukela egazini kuzonciphisa kakhulu ubungozi be-retinopathy. Ucwaningo oluningi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 luveze ukuthi iziguli ezithole ukulawula okucacile kashukela wegazi zisebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin kanye nomjovo we-insulin kwehlise amathuba okuba nephropathy, ukulimala kwezinzwa, kanye ne-retinopathy ngo-50-75%.
Onke lama-pathologies ahlobene ne-microangiapathy. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zivame ukuba nezinkinga zamehlo lapho zitholakala. Ukuze unciphise ukukhula kwe-retinopathy futhi uvikele ezinye i-ocular pathologies, kufanele ubheke njalo:
- ushukela wegazi
- izinga le-cholesterol;
- umfutho wegazi
Izinhlobo ze-Diabetesic Retinopathy
Isizinda se-retinopathy
Kwezinye izimo, ngomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi, akukho monakalo obonakalayo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-back retinopathy. Amazinga kashukela wegazi kulesi sigaba adinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela ukukhula kwe-retinopathy yangemuva kanye nezinye izifo zamehlo.
I-Maculopathy
Esigabeni se-maculopathy, isiguli sithola ukulimala endaweni ebucayi ebizwa nge-macula.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka endaweni ebucayi, ebaluleke kakhulu ngombono, ukusebenza kwamehlo kungancishiswa kakhulu.
I-retinopathy eyandayo
Ngale hlobo lwe-retinopathy, imithambo yegazi emisha iqala ukuvela ngemuva kweso.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-retinopathy iyinkimbinkimbi yesifo sikashukela, uhlobo olwandayo lwalesi sifo lukhula ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emithanjeni yamehlo eyonakele.
Le mikhumbi iba mncane futhi iqale ukulungisa kabusha.
I-Cataract
Ama-Cataralog angamafu noma amnyama ngamalensi, lapho enempilo, acacile ngokuphelele. Ngosizo lwelensi, umuntu uyabona futhi ugxilisa isithombe. Ngaphandle kokuthi ikati lingakhula kumuntu onempilo, kwabanesifo sikashukela, izinkinga ezifanayo zenzeka kakhulu ngaphambili, ngisho nasekufikeni kobusha.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-cataract yesifo sikashukela, iso lesiguli alikwazi ukugxila futhi ukubona kukhubazekile. Izimpawu ze-cataract ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- umbono ongenamawala;
- umbono omfiphele.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kwezibuko kudinga ukushintshwa kwamalensi ngokufakwa kokufakelwa. Ngokuzayo, ngokulungiswa kombono kunesidingo samalensi noma izingilazi zokuxhumana.
IGlaucoma yesifo sikashukela
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukudonsa okungokomzimba kokuma kwe-intraocular fluid kuyama. Ngakho-ke, iyanqwabelana futhi ikhulise ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso.
Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-glaucoma. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ulimaza imithambo yegazi nezinzwa zamehlo, okwenza ukungaboni kahle kubonakale.
Kunohlobo olujwayelekile kakhulu lwe-glaucoma, olungama-asymptomatic kuze kube isikhathi esithile.
Lokhu kwenzeka kuze kube yilapho lesi sifo siqina. Ngemuva kwalokho sekuvele kulahlekelwe okukhulu kombono.
Ngokuvamile i-glaucoma ivame ukuhambisana:
- izinhlungu emehlweni;
- ikhanda;
- i-lacrimation;
- umbono omfiphele;
- ama-halos azungeze imithombo yokukhanya;
- ukulahleka okuphelele kombono.
Ukwelashwa kwe-glaucoma yesifo sikashukela kungahle kusebenze ngokukhohlisa okulandelayo:
- ukuphuza umuthi;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamaconsi wamehlo;
- izinqubo ze-laser;
- ukuhlinzwa, ukuqina kwamehlo.
Izinkinga ezinkulu zamehlo ezinesifo sikashukela zingagwenywa ukuhlolwa ngonyaka nge-ophthalmologist yale pathology.
