Uma abazali kusukela esemncane bajwayela ingane indlela yokuphila enempilo, isifo sikashukela ngokuzayo ngeke simvimbele ekufinyeleleni phezulu. Into esemqoka ukwamukela ukutholwa futhi ungapheli amandla.
Ividiyo eya kumbhalo:
Isikole sikaDkt Komarovsky
Phila kahle
Isifo sikashukela ezinganeni: ukuthi lesi sifo sikhula kanjani, izincomo zokuvimbela nokwelashwa
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ezinganeni akuyona inkinga enkulu kangako engokomzimba. Izingane ezigulayo kunzima kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa nazo eqenjini, zona, ngokungafani nabantu abadala, zinzima ngokwengeziwe ukushintsha indlela yazo yokuphila ejwayelekile.
Isifo esifana nesifo sikashukela sifakiwe eqenjini lokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine enezimpawu zokushoda kwe-thyroid hormone - insulin. I-Pathology ihambisana nokukhuphuka njalo kwenani le-glucose egazini.
Imishini yesifo ibonakala ngefomu elingamahlalakhona, icasulisa ukubonakala kwezimpawu ezethusayo zesifo futhi ihambisana nokwehluleka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zemetabolism - amaprotheni, amaminerali, amafutha, amanzi, usawoti, i-carbohydrate.
Isifo sikashukela ezinganeni sinemikhawulo yobudala futhi singenzeka ngesikhathi esingalindelekanga kakhulu. Ukuba khona kokuphazamiseka kwesistimu ye-endocrine kutholakala ezinganeni, ezasenkulisa nakwintsha.
Isifo sikashukela sezingane sisendaweni yesibili ohlwini lwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezivame kakhulu.
Njengakwisifo sikashukela esidala, le ndlela yalesi sifo ezinganeni iyakhula ngezimpawu ezengeziwe. Ngokutholwa okufika ngesikhathi kwe-pathology nokwamukelwa ngokushesha kwezindlela ezidingekayo zokuvimbela imiphumela yesifo sikashukela, imiphumela emihle ingatholwa futhi ukuhlupheka kwengane kungancishiswa kakhulu.
Ukulimala kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kuyimbangela eyinhloko yesifo sikashukela ezinganeni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ososayensi bakwazile ukulandelela ezinye izinto ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ezinganeni. Ezinye zazo zifundwe ngokuningiliziwe, futhi ezinye izizathu zisahlala ngaphansi kwesitembu sokusolwa.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni: ukuthi ungazibona kanjani
Ukuqonda ukuthi ingane iyagula unesifo sikashukela kuhlale kunzima esiteji sokuqala. Izimpawu zicishe zingabonakali. Izinga lokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo lincike ohlotsheni lwaso - owokuqala noma owesibili.
Ngohlobo lwami lwesifo sikashukela, izimpawu ziqhubeka ngokushesha, ingane iyashintsha phakathi neviki lokuqala. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo II sitholakala ngezinga, izimpawu zingaveli ngokushesha hhayi ngokusobala. Abazali ababoni, musa ukuyisa ingane kudokotela kuze kube yilapho kuba nezinkinga. Ukuze singeqisi lesi simo, ngeke kube ngaphandle kwendawo ukuthola ukuthi i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ibonakala kanjani ezinganeni.
Cabanga ngezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zesifo sikashukela sezingane:
Intshisekelo kumaswidi.
Ukuze umzimba wezingane uthole umfutho wamandla wenhlangano efanelekile yokuphila, i-insulin kufanele iguqule ingxenye yeglucose engena egazini. Uma isifo sikashukela sesiqale ukukhula, isidingo samaswidi singakhula. Lokhu kungenxa yendlala yamangqamuzana omzimba, ngoba kushukela kunokwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism futhi hhayi wonke amaglucose aguqulwa abe amandla.
Umuzwa okhulayo wendlala.
Ingane enesifo sikashukela ihlala ilamba. Noma izingane zidla ukudla okwanele, kunzima kubo ukulinda ukudla kwabo okulandelayo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ikhanda lingalimaza futhi lize lithuthumela imilenze nezingalo. Izingane ngaso sonke isikhathi zicela ukudla futhi zikhethe ukudla okune-carb ephezulu - ufulawa othosiwe.
Yehlise ikhono lezimoto.
Ingane yesifo sikashukela iba nomuzwa wokukhathala okhipha amandla, ayinawo amandla anele. Ucasulwe nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ekhala, akafuni ukudlala ngisho nemidlalo ayithandayo.
Uma uthola ukuphindaphindwa kwezimpawu eyodwa noma eziningi, bonisana nodokotela wakho bese uthola ukuhlolwa kweglucose yegazi.
Izingane azihlali njalo zikwazi ukuhlola kahle izidingo zazo nobuthakathaka, ngakho-ke abazali kufanele bahlolwe.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela enganeni: yini eyandulela lesi sifo
Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zesigaba sokuqala, lesi sifo sihambisana nezimpawu ezisobala
1. I-Polydipsia, noma ukoma kwe-pathological.
Enye yezimpawu ezinhle kakhulu zesifo sikashukela. Abantu abadala badinga ukulawula ukugcwala kwengane yabo. Ngoshukela ezinganeni kunomuzwa ongapheli wokoma. Ingane egulayo ingaphuza amalitha angaphezu kwamathathu amanzi ngosuku, kepha ulwelwesi lwayo luzohlala lome, futhi ukoma kwalo ngeke kuncishiswe.
2. I-Polyuria, noma ukuvama ukuchama.
Ngenxa yokoma okungapheli kanye nenani elikhulu likamanzi oludakayo, izingane ezihlaselwa isifo sikashukela ziya ezidingweni eziphansi kakhulu kunontanga bazo abanempilo.
Inani elikhulu lomchamo lihlotshaniswa nenani lamanzi aqediwe. Ngosuku olulodwa, ingane ingaya endlini yangasese cishe izikhathi eziyi-15- 20, ebusuku ingane nayo ingavuka ngenxa yesifiso sokuchama. Abazali badidanisa lezi zibonakaliso nenkinga ehambisana nokuchama kwangasese, ama-enursis. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ukuxilongwa, izimpawu kufanele zibhekwe ngokuhlangana.
3. Ukwehla kwesisindo.
Noma ngabe kukhula isifiso sokudla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamaswidi ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela, ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba kuyabonakala. Yize ekuqaleni isisindo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, singakhuphuka kancane. Lokhu kungenxa ye-physiology ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Amaseli aswele ushukela ukuze abe namandla, ngakho-ke awafuna emafutheni, awaphule. Ngakho-ke isisindo sinciphile.
4. Ukuphulukiswa isikhathi eside kwamanxeba.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ingane inesifo sikashukela nakho kungaba kulesi sisekelo. Ngisho nokuhlukumezeka okuncane nokuklanywa kuphulukisa kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-vascular ngenxa yokwanda okuqinile kweglucose yegazi. Kulesi simo esibucayi, ukufaka isikhalazo ku-endocrinologist akunakugwenywa.
5. Isikhumba, noma isikhumba sesikhumba.
Ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, izingane zivame ukuba nezifo zesikhumba. Ukuqhuma, izilonda, kanye namabala kungavela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Lokhu kungenxa yokwehla kokungazinzi komzimba, ukuphazamiseka ezinqubweni ze-metabolic nemithambo yegazi.
6. Ubuthakathaka bomzimba.
Awekho amandla - ingane ayinawo amandla emidlalo nokunyakaza. Uba buthakathaka futhi akhathazeke. Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela zilala ngemuva kwabangane bazo esikoleni futhi azisebenzi kangako ezifundweni zomzimba.
Ngemuva kokufika ekhaya evela esikhungweni semfundo, ingane ifuna ukulala, ibukeke ikhathele, ayifuni ukuxhumana namuntu.
7. Iphunga le-acetone ngesikhathi sokuphefumula.
Olunye uphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Emoyeni oseceleni kwengane iphunga uviniga noma ama-apula omuncu. Lokhu kuwubufakazi obucacile bokuthi isibalo semizimba ye-ketone emzimbeni sikhuphukile. Kufanelekile ukuya kudokotela masinyane, ngaphandle kwalokho ingane ingawela ekhephiseni le-ketoacidotic.
Ukwazi kungamandla akho. Uma ujwayelene nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni, ungagwema imiphumela ebuhlungu ye-pathology futhi udambise ukuhlupheka kwezingane.
Izimpawu zemitholampilo zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ngeminyaka
Umtholampilo walesi sifo uhlukile ezinganeni zemikhakha yeminyaka ehlukene. Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze umehluko ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela ngokuya ngezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinsaneni
Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, akulula ukuthola lesi sifo. Kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ingane ibhekene ne-polyuria (ukwanda kokuchama) noma i-polydipsia (ukoma) kusuka esimweni sayo sempilo esivamile. I-Pathology ingahambisana nezinye izinkomba: ukugabha, ukudakwa, ukomisa umzimba, ngisho ne-coma.
Uma isifo sikashukela sikhula kancane, ingane ithatha amakhilogwebu buthaka, ilale kabi futhi ayifuni ukudla, imvamisa ikhala, inezinkinga zesisu. Isikhathi eside, izinsana zingahlupheka ngokuqhuma kwe-diaper. Izinkinga zesikhumba ziqala: ukushisa okunamahlwili, ukungahambi kahle komzimba, ama-pustule. Elinye iphuzu okufanele lidonse ukunakwa ukuqina komchamo. Ngemuva kokumiswa, i-diaper iyaqina, futhi lapho ishaya ingaphezulu, amabala anamathela.
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ezincane
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngesivinini esisheshayo ezinganeni ezingaphezulu konyaka. Ukuqala kwesimo se-precomatose kuzokwandulelwa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okusobala kanye ne-dystrophy;
- Ukwephulwa kwesitulo;
- Ukukhula komzimba wesisu;
- I-Flatulence;
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Umuzwa wesicanucanu;
- Iphunga le-acetone ekuphefumuleni;
- Ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla;
- I-Lethargy;
- Ukucasuka.
Isifo sikashukela esingu-Type I ezinganeni zonyaka sihambisana nesimo sokuzalwa nofuzo.
Izimo zokubonakala kwezingane zasenkulisa zohlobo lwe-II yesifo sikashukela zibhekwa kaningi kunhlobo lokuqala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwemikhiqizo elimazayo, ukudla okusheshayo, isisindo esisheshayo kanye nokungasebenzi.
Isifo sikashukela sivela kanjani ezinganeni zesikole?
Ukutholwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zesikole kuzokwandulelwa yizimpawu:
- Ukuphindaphindeka kaningi kunokuhambela okujwayelekile ukuya endlini encane ngezidingo ezincane, kufaka phakathi nobusuku;
- Umile njalo;
- I-mucosa eyomile;
- Ukwehla kwesisindo
- Isikhumba
- Ukwephulwa emsebenzini wezitho zangaphakathi.
Zonke lezi zinto zomzimba zihlanganiswa nezengqondo, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela:
- Ukukhathazeka nokudangala;
- Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka;
- Yehla ekusebenzeni;
- Ukuzithoba kokuxhumana nontanga.
Kuqala, abazali bathi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela zitadisha ukukhathala. Omama nobaba, thanda izingane zakho, ungazinaki izinkinga nezinkathazo zazo.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela ebusheni
Isifo sikashukela sokuthomba yinto eyenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-15. Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela entsheni zijwayelekile futhi, uma zingelashwa, ziyanda.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zesifo sikashukela entsheni yilezi:
- Amandla okusebenza aphansi ahlanganiswe nokukhathala okungapheli;
- Imizwelo engazinzile, iinyembezi kanye nokucasulwa;
- Ukungakhathali kanye nokungafuni ukwenza okuthile;
- Izinkinga zesikhumba - ukhunta, i-neurodermatitis, amathumba, izinduna;
- Ukulunywa nokuqalaza;
- I-genital candidiasis;
- Ukubonakaliswa njalo komkhuhlane ojwayelekile.
Isimo somtholampilo sesifo sikashukela esisebusheni simi kanjena: izinga eliphezulu likashukela egazini likhipha ukoma okungancishisi ngisho nangemva kokuphuma kwesilinganiso esikhulu soketshezi oludakayo; nokusetshenziswa njalo kwendlu yangasese ngesidingo esincane - kokubili ngesikhathi sasemini nasebusuku.
Isifo sikashukela mellitus emantombazaneni asakhula sibonakaliswa ngokungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kwephulwa okungathi sína kugcwele inzalo. Ngokukhula kwentombazane yesifo sikashukela sohlobo II, amaqanda ama-polycystic angaqala.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo zesifo sikashukela ezinsukini zidlula nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemithambo, umfutho wegazi ungakhuphuka, futhi kukhona ukwanda kwe-cholesterol yegazi. I-microcirculation yegazi iyaphazamiseka emilenzeni, osemusha uzwa umuzwa wokuxineka, onenkinga yokuqaqanjelwa.
Ngokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela sekwephuzile ebusheni, umtholampilo walesi sifo uhlotshaniswa nokuqongelelwa kwemizimba ye-ketone egazini. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqhamuka okukhulu kweglucose yegazi kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Umzimba ufuna ukugcwalisa lokhu kushiyeka ngokwakhiwa kwama-ketones.
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-ketoacidosis ubuhlungu besisu kanye nenausea, ezesibili zingubuthakathaka nokuhlanza, ubunzima obunzima bokuphefumula, iphunga le-acetone lapho livunguza. Uhlobo oluthuthukayo lwe-ketoacidosis ukulahlekelwa ukwazi nokuqaqamba.
Izimbangela ze-ketoacidosis entsheni zifaka phakathi:
- Ukwehluleka ngemuva kwe-Hormonal;
- Isidingo se-insulin ye-hormone;
- Ukuba khona kwezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- Ukungondleki okuqhubekayo;
- Ukuxineka
- Yeqa imijovo ye-insulin.
Ukuvimbela ushukela ezinganeni
- Indawo yokuqala phakathi kwezindlela zokuvimbela inhlangano yokudla okufanele. Kuyadingeka ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba ngaphezu kwe-insulin, ikhambi elinamanzi le-bicarbonate likhiqizwa kuma-pancreas, into eqinisa ukungena kweglucose kumaseli womzimba.
Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele ziyithathe njengomthetho ukuphuza ingilazi yamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye. Futhi lokhu kuyisidingo esincane. Ikhofi, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, amanzi kasawoti awasetshenziswa njengetshezi. Iziphuzo ezinjalo zizoba yingozi kuphela.
Uma ingane yakho ikhuluphele ngokweqile (imvamisa ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo II), yehlisa amakhalori ekudleni kuze kufike lapho. Bala hhayi ama-carbohydrate kuphela, kepha namafutha wemifino nezilwane. Ingane yakho idinga ukudla kaningi, kepha hhayi okuningi. Landela izincomo zokudla okufanele kanye nengane yakho. Kulula ukuthi inkampani inqobe ubunzima.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuyinto yesibili yokuvimbela ebaluleke kakhulu. Umsebenzi ukhuthaza ukunciphisa umzimba futhi ususe ukuqina kwe-glucose egazini. Vivinya umzimba uhlale okungenani uhhafu wehora ngosuku - lokhu kuzokwanela. Izinkinga zokuvivinya umzimba zingahlukaniswa ngemithamo emithathu yemizuzu eyi-10 lilinye.
- Indlela yesithathu yokuvimbela ingemuva lomzwelo oluzinzile. Ingane akufanele ibe novalo futhi ikhathazeke. Zama ukumzungeza ngezimo ezinhle, ungafungi futhi ungamthuki lapho phambi kwakhe.
- Enye indlela ebalulekile yokuvimbela ukwelulekwa ngochwepheshe. Uma ingane yakho ikhathazekile ngezimpawu ezichazwe esihlokweni sethu, thintana nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist, izosiqonda isimo esikhona futhi ikutshele okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Izindawo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sezingane zifaka:
- Ukudla
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
- Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin;
- Ukuzithiba;
- Usizo ngokwengqondo.
Ukuzelapha ngokwakho ngesifo sikashukela kungaholela esimweni esingalindeleki. Ithonya lemithi yendabuko aliqondakali ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, akufanele uhlole ingane yakho, awudingi ukufuna usizo kubelaphi bendabuko. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kubantu abadala nasezinganeni kuhlukile.
Izidakamizwa eziningi ezikhangisiwe ziqukethe inani elikhulu lama-hormone; uma engena emzimbeni, angaziphatha ngendlela athanda ngayo. Inani elikhulu lemiphumela emibi lizokwengeza kuphela isimo sengane egulayo futhi lilimaze nomsebenzi wamanyikwe.
Uma ingane yakho itholakala nesifo sikashukela, ungapheli amandla. Isimo wena nengane yakho esikuso sisibi. Akufanele ulinde umlingo ovela emithini.
Ngendlela efanele, ukuvikela nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela, izingane ezinesifo sikashukela zikhula ngendlela efanayo nontanga bazo. Into esemqoka isiyalo. Emhlabeni kunezibonelo eziningi ezinhle zabazali abakwazi ukulawula kahle ukugula kwengane yabo.
