I-oksijini noshukela kuyimithombo eyinhloko yokuphila komzimba. Ngemuva kwe-hyperbilirubinemia, i-hypoglycemia entsha ibhekwa njengento yesibili edinga ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwengane esibhedlela ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ingane enalolu hlobo lokuxilongwa idinga ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, ngoba izifo eziningi zingahambisana ne-hypoglycemia.
Futhi ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu wosanda kuzalwa nengane yonyaka wokuqala wokuphila uthathwa njengesimo esiyingozi kakhulu sezempilo. Kuthinta kakhulu ukondleka kwengqondo nawo wonke izicubu.
I-neonatal hypoglycemia yesikhashana
Lapho ingane izalwa, iba nezingcindezi eziningi. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha nangesikhathi sokudlula kwengane ngokusebenzisa umsele wokubeletha kukamama, ushukela ukhishwa ku-glycogen esibindini, futhi isimo soshukela wegazi ezinganeni siyaphazamiseka.
Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukulimaza izicubu zobuchopho zengane. Uma ingane inokongiwa kweglucose ephansi, i-hypoglycemia yesikhashana iyakheka emzimbeni wakhe.
Lesi simo asihlali isikhathi eside, ngoba ngenxa yezinqubo zokuzithiba kwezinga le-glucose egazini, ukugxilwa kwalo ngokushesha kubuyela kokujwayelekile.
Kubalulekile! Ukuncelisa ingane kufanele kuqale kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kuzosinqoba ngokushesha i-hypoglycemia eyenzeka ngesikhathi nangemva kokubeletha.
Imvamisa lesi simo singakhula ngenxa yesimo sengqondo sokunganaki sabasebenzi bezokwelapha (hypothermia), lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ezinganeni ezinesisindo esiphansi kakhulu sokuzalwa. Nge-hypothermia, i-hypoglycemia ingenzeka enganeni eqinile.
Ukuhlafunwa
Izingane ezinempilo ephelele zinezitolo ezinkulu ze-glycogen esibindini. Ivumela kalula ingane ukubhekana nezingcindezi ezihambisana nokuzalwa. Kepha uma ukukhula kwe-intrauterine kwesibeletho kuqhubeka nanoma yikuphi ukonakala, i-hypoglycemia enganeni enjalo ihlala isikhathi eside futhi kudinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (ukuphathwa kwe-glucose).
I-hypoglycemia yesikhathi eside ikhula ngokuyinhloko ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izinsana ezinesisindo esiphansi nezinsana ezinde. Njengomthetho, leli qembu lezingane ezisanda kuzalwa linezinqolobane eziphansi zamaprotheni, izicubu ze-adipose ne-hepatic glycogen. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwama-enzyme kulezi zingane, indlela ye-glycogenolysis (ukuwohloka kwe-glycogen) iyancipha ngokubonakalayo. Lawo masheya atholakala kumama aqedwa ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! Kubhekelwa kakhulu lezo zingane ezizalwa abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela. Imvamisa lezi zingane zikhulu kakhulu, futhi ukugcwala kweglucose egazini labo kuncipha ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kungenxa ye-hyperinsulinemia.
Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa lapho kukhona ukungqubuzana kwamaRhesus zithola izinkinga ezifanayo. Kuyavela ukuthi ngezinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokungqubuzana kwe-serological, i-hyperplasia yamaseli we-pancreatic ingakhula, ekhiqiza i-hormone insulin. Ngenxa yalokhu, izicubu zibamba ushukela ngokushesha okukhulu.
Nakani! Ukubhema nokuphuza lapho ukhulelwe kuholela ekunciphiseni kwe-glucose yegazi! Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi nje kuphela asebenzayo, kodwa futhi ababhemayo nje uyahlupheka!
I-Perinatal
Isimo sengane esanda kuzalwa sihlaziywa esikalini se-Apgar. Le yindlela izinga le-hypoxia yezingane enqunywa ngayo. Okokuqala, izingane zinenkinga ye-hypoglycemia, ukuzalwa kwayo kwakushesha futhi kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwegazi.
Isimo se-hypoglycemic sibuye sikhule ezinganeni ezine-arrhythmias zenhliziyo. Ubuye abe negalelo ekusetshenzisweni ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwemithi ethile.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-hypoglycemia yesikhashana
I-Trogent hypoglycemia ivame ukubangelwa izifo eziningi. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwayo (i-pathogen ayinandaba) iholela ku-hypoglycemia. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isamba esikhulu samandla sichithwa ukulwa nokutheleleka. Futhi, njengoba wazi, i-glucose ingumthombo wamandla. Ubunzima bezimpawu ze-neonatal hypoglycemic kuncike ekuxinekeni kwesifo esikhona.
Elinye iqembu elikhulu liqukethe izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezinokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo nokugeleza kwegazi. Esimweni esinjalo, i-hypoglycemia ivusa ukujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle esibindini naku-hypoxia. Isidingo somjovo we-insulin siyanyamalala kunoma yiliphi lamacala alandelayo, uma kuhlinzekwe ukuqedwa kwesikhashana kwezifo zesibili:
- ukwehluleka kokujikeleza;
- i-anemia
- i-hypoxia.
I-hypoglycemia ephikelelayo
Ngesikhathi sezifo eziningi emzimbeni kukhona ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic. Kunezimo lapho kuphakama khona amaphutha angenakulungiswa athikameza ukukhula okujwayelekile kwengane futhi kubeke impilo yakhe engcupheni.
Ngemuva kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela, izingane ezinjalo zikhethwa ngokudla okufanele kanye nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Izinsana ezihlushwa i-galactosemia yokuzalwa, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kuzwakala kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila.
Kamuva, izingane ziba ne-fructosemia. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-fructose itholakala emifino eminingi, uju, ujusi, futhi le mikhiqizo ingeniswa ekudleni kwengane kamuva kwesikhathi. Ukuba khona kwazo zombili lezi zifo kudinga ukudla okuqinile kokuphila.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia kungadala ukuphazamiseka okuthile kwe-hormonal. Okokuqala endaweni yalokhu ukuntuleka kwezindlala zezitho zangasese kanye ne-adrenal. Esimweni esinjalo, ingane ihlala iqondiswa udokotela oyi-endocrinologist.
Izimpawu zalezi zifo zingenzeka zombili ezisanda kuzalwa nangesikhathi esizayo. Ngokukhula kwamaseli we-pancreatic, inani le-insulin lenyuka futhi, ngenxa yalokho, i-glucose egazini iyancipha.
Ukulungisa lesi simo ngezindlela zendabuko akunakwenzeka. Umphumela ungatholakala kuphela ngokuhlinzwa.
I-Hypoglycemia kanye nezimpawu zayo
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo.
- Umuzwa wokukhathazeka.
- Ukweqa okukhulu.
- Ukuqina kwemilenze.
- Umuzwa ongalungiseki wendlala.
- I-Convulsive syndrome.
- Ukwephulwa kokuphefumula kuze kube yilapho sekuma ngokuphelele.
- I-Lethargy.
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
- Ukomela.
Enganeni, okuyingozi kakhulu ukuquleka nokwehluleka ukuphefumula.
Kubalulekile! Alikho nhlobo izinga likashukela lapho izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia zingabonakala khona! Lesi sici sezingane ezisanda kuzalwa nezinsana! Noma i-glycogen eyanele kulezi zingane, i-hypoglycemia ingakhula!
Ngokuvamile, i-hypoglycemia iqoshwa osukwini lokuqala lokuphila kwengane.
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo
Ezinganeni zonyaka wokuqala wokuphila nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, lezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo zithathwa ukuthola i-hypoglycemia eyingozi noma eqhubekayo:
- ukunakekelwa kweglucose egazini;
- inkomba yamafutha acid yamahhala;
- ukuzimisela kwamazinga e-insulin;
- ukuzimisela kwezinga le-hormone yokukhula (i-cortisol);
- inani lemizimba ye-ketone.
Uma ingane isengozini, ucwaningo lwenziwa emahoreni amabili okuqala empilo yakhe. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinkomba, isimo kanye nobungako be-neonatal hypoglycemia kunqunywa, okwenza sikwazi ukunquma ukwelashwa okwanele kwengane.
Ngubani osengozini
I-Hypoglycemia ingenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingane, kepha sisekhona iqembu elithile lezingozi elibandakanya izingane:
- ukuvuvukala komzimba
- ngaphambi kwesikhathi
- ngezimpawu ze-hypoxia;
- ezalwa omama abanesifo sikashukela.
Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, amazinga kashukela wegazi anqunywa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa (kungakapheli ihora elilodwa lokuphila).
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhomba ngokushesha i-hypoglycemia kosanda kuzalwa, ngoba ukwelashwa nokuvimbela okufika ngesikhathi kuzovikela ingane ekukhuleni kwezinkinga ezinkulu zalesi simo.
Ukwelashwa
Okumaphakathi nokugcinwa kwemigomo yokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo. Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukuncelisa ibele ngokushesha, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-hypoxia, kanye nokuvimbela i-hypothermia.
Okokuqala, nge-neonatal hypoglycemia, odokotela bezingane bajova i-5% glucose solution. Uma ingane isivele ingaphezu kosuku, isisombululo se-10% kashukela siyasetshenziswa. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa izivivinyo zokulawulwa kwegazi ezithathwe esithendeni sosana olusanda kuzalwa kuya kumucu wokuhlolwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane inikezwa isiphuzo ngendlela yesisombululo se-glucose noma yengezwe engxube yobisi. Uma lezi zinqubo zingalethi umphumela oyifunayo, ukwelashwa kwama-hormone ngama-glucocorticoids kuyasetshenziswa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola imbangela ye-hypoglycemia, lokhu kwenza ukuthi kutholakale izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuqedwa kwayo.
