I-Insulin Insuman (i-Rapid ne-Bazal) - imiyalo yokuthi ungayithatha kanjani indawo

Kungekudala, umhlaba uzogubha iminyaka eyikhulu yokusebenzisa i-insulin ukusindisa izimpilo zabantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ukuzuzwa okuyinhloko kokugcina impilo yezigidi zabanesifo sikashukela kungokwama-insulin womuntu, omunye wabo yi-Insuman.

Lesi sidakamizwa singumkhiqizo wokukhathazeka kweSanofi, okhiqiza iLantus, i-Apidra neTujeo eyaziwayo. Isabelo sika-Insuman emakethe ye-insulin cishe singama-15%. Ngokusho kwabanesifo sikashukela, ikhambi lilula ukusebenzisa, libhekene nekhwalithi ephezulu engaguquki. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-insulin emugqeni: i-Insuman Bazal ephakathi ne-Insuman Rapid emifushane.

Ngabe umuthi usebenza kanjani?

I-Insuman iyi-insulin yomuntu eyakhiwe ngofuzo. Ngokwesilinganiso sezimboni, i-hormone ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa amagciwane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-insulin asetshenziswe ngaphambilini, ubunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo banomphumela ozinzile nokuhlanzwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu.

Phambilini, inhloso yokwelapha i-insulin kwakuwukulwa nokufa. Ngokuqala kwe-insulin yabantu, inselelo isishintshile. Manje sikhuluma ngokunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga kanye nempilo ephelele yeziguli. Kuyiqiniso, ukufeza lokhu kuma-insulin analogue kulula, kepha ekunxeshezelweni okuzinzile kwesifo sikashukela kungenzeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufunda ngokucophelela imiyalo yomuthi, iphrofayli yayo yokusebenza, funda ukubala ngokunembile imithamo futhi uyishintshe ngesikhathi esifanele.

Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule

• Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
• Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
• Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
• Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
• Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%

Ukuqalwa kwehomoni kupancanas enempilo ayizinzile. Ukukhishwa okuyinhloko kwe-insulin kwenzeka ekuphenduleni kwe-glucose engena emithanjeni yegazi evela ekudleni. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu elambile noma elele, kusene-insulin egazini, yize kunjalo ngezinga elincane kakhulu - kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-basal level. Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone kuyeka ngesifo sikashukela, kuqalwa ukwelashwa okufakwa endaweni. Ngokuvamile lokhu kudinga izinhlobo ezimbili ze-insulin. Izinga le-basal lilingisa i-Insuman Bazal, ingena egazini kancane, isikhathi eside nangezingxenye ezincane. Ushukela ngemuva kokudla kwenzelwe ukunciphisa i-Insuman Rapid, efinyelela emikhunjini ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izici eziqhathanisayo zama-Insumans:

Imithetho yokusebenzisa

Isidingo se-insulin singamuntu ngamunye kwisifo sikashukela ngasinye. Njengomthetho, iziguli ezinesifo sohlobo 2 kanye nokukhuluphala zidinga ama-hormone amaningi. Ngokusho kwemiyalo esetshenzisiwe, ngokwesilinganiso ngosuku, iziguli zijova kuze kufike 1 kuyilo lomuthi ngekhilogremu elilodwa lesisindo. Lesi sibalo sifaka i-Insuman Bazal ne-Rapid. Ama-insulin amafushane aqukethe ama-40-60% esidingo esiphelele.

I-Insuman Bazal

Njengoba i-Insuman Bazal GT isebenza isikhathi esingaphansi kosuku, kuzofanele uyifake kabili: ekuseni ngemuva kokulinganisa ushukela nangaphambi kokulala. Imithamo yokuphatha ngakunye ibalwa ngokwahlukile. Kulokhu, kunezindlela ezikhethekile ezibheka ukuzwela kwe-hormone nedatha ye-glycemia. Umthamo ofanele kufanele ugcine izinga likashukela ngesikhathi lapho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela silambile.

I-Insuman Bazal iyimiswa, ngesikhathi sokugcina iyaphuma: phezulu kukhona ikhambi elicacile, ezansi kukhona umhlophe omhlophe. Ngaphambi komjovo ngamunye, umuthi esibayeni sesirinji kudingeka uhlanganise kahle. Lapho umfaniswano umningi iba, umugqa ofanele kakhulu uzoqashwa kabusha. I-Insuman Bazal kulula ukuyilungiselela ukuphatha kunamanye ama-insulin aphakathi. Ukwenza lula ukuxubana, ama-cartridge afakwe amabhola amathathu, okwenza ukuthi kufinyeleleke kahle i-homogeneity yokumiswa ngokujika oku-6 kwepeni lesirinji.

I-Insuman Rapid

I-Insuman efushane ye-Insuman Rapid GT ngaphambi kokudla, imvamisa ngosuku. Iqala ukusebenza ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, ngakho-ke umjovo kufanele wenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwenza ngcono ukunxeshezelwa kwesifo sikashukela, kuyathandeka ukufeza ukuhlangana kokutholwa kwezingxenye ze-insulin neglucose egazini.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga:

1. Qala isidlo sakho ngama-carbohydrate ahamba kancane namaprotheni. Ama-carbohydrate asheshayo ashiywa ekugcineni kokudla.
2. Yidla okuncane phakathi kokudla okuyinhloko. Ukuze uthole umthamo, 12-20 g wama-carbohydrate anele.

Umthamo we-Insuman Rapid unqunywa ngenani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni kanye nokudla okuzayo okulandelayo. Umthamo obalwe kahle ukuvumela ukuthi ususe lonke ushukela emikhunjini ekudleni.

I-insulin esheshayo ihlala isobala, awudingi ukuyixuba, ipeni lesirinji lingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokulungiselela.

Inqubo yokufaka

I-Insuman ikhiqizwa ngumenzi ngesimo sezinhlamvu ezingama-5 ml, ama-cartridge we-3 ml nezintambo zesirinji. Kumakhemisi aseRussia, kulula ukuthenga umuthi obekwe emapeni wesirinji weSoloStar. Ziqukethe i-3 ml ye-insulin futhi ayinakusetshenziswa uma isidlulile isidakamizwa.

Ungangena kanjani i-Insuman:

1. Ukwehlisa izinhlungu zomjovo futhi kunciphise ubungozi be-lipodystrophy, umuthi osebayeni lesirinji kufanele ube ekushiseni kwegumbi.
2. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, i-cartridge ihlolwa ngokucophelela ukuthola izimpawu zokulimala. Ukuze isiguli singadideki izinhlobo ze-insulin, amapeni wesirinji amakwe izindandatho ezinemibala ezihambisana nombala wokubhalwe ephaketheni. I-Insuman Bazal GT - luhlaza, i-Rapid GT - ephuzi.
3. I-Insuman Bazal isongwa phakathi kwezintende kaningi ukuxuba.
4. Kuthathwa ngenalithi entsha ngomjovo ngamunye. Sebenzisa kabusha ulimaza izicubu ezingaphansi. Noma iziphi izinaliti zomhlaba wonke zifana namapeni weSirStar syringe: MicroFine, Insupen, NovoFine nabanye. Ubude binaliti bukhethiwe ngokuya ngobukhulu bamafutha angaphansi.
5. Ipeni lesirinji likuvumela ukukhipha kusuka kumayunithi angama-1 kuye kwangama-80. I-Insumana, ukunemba kwe-dosing - iyunithi eli-1. Ezinganeni nasezigulini ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb, isidingo se-hormone singaba sincane kakhulu, sidinga ukunemba okuphezulu ekusetshenzisweni komthamo. ISoloStar ayiwalungele amacala anjalo.
6. I-Insuman Rapid mhlawumbe igxilwe esiswini, i-Insuman Bazal - emathangeni noma emabhulokini.
7. Ngemuva kokwethulwa kwekhambi, inaliti ishiywe emzimbeni eminye imizuzwana eyi-10 ukuze umuthi ungaqali ukuvuza.
8. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye, inaliti iyasuswa. I-insulin isaba ukukhanya kwelanga, ngakho-ke kudingeka ngokushesha uvale i-cartridge nge-cap.

Umphumela wecala

Uma umuthi uphathwa ngaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo, kwenzeka i-hypoglycemia. Kuyinto leyo imiphumela evame kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, kungakhathalekile ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwe-insulin olusetshenzisiwe. I-Hypoglycemia inganda ngokushesha, ngakho-ke ngisho namaconsi amancane kashukela ngezansi okuvamile kufanele aqedwe ngaso leso sikhathi.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Insuman futhi ifaka:

1. Ukungezwani komzimba kwizakhi zekhambi. Imvamisa kuvezwa ukulunywa, ubomvu, ukuqubuka endaweni yezokuphatha. Kukaningi kakhulu (ngokuya ngemiyalo, ngaphansi kwe-1%) ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic kwenzeka: i-bronchospasm, i-edema, ukwehla kwengcindezi, ukwethuka.
2. Ukugcinwa kwe-Sodium. Imvamisa ibonwa ekuqaleni kokwelashwa, lapho ushukela ovela ezinombolweni eziphakeme wehla uye kwesejwayelekile. I-Hypernatremia ihambisana ne-edema, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukoma, ukungasebenzi.
3. Ukwakheka kwama-antibodies ku-insulin emzimbeni kuyisici sokulashwa kwe-insulin isikhathi eside. Kulokhu, kukhuphuka umthamo we-Insuman. Uma umthamo owuthandayo umkhulu kakhulu, isiguli sidluliselwa kolunye uhlobo lwemithi ye-insulin noma ye-immunosuppressive.
4. Ukuthuthuka okumangalisayo kwesinxephezelo sikashukela kungaholela ekuphazamisweni okubukwayo okwesikhashana.

Imvamisa, umzimba uvame ukujwayela i-insulin, bese kuthi ukungahambi kahle komzimba kuphele. Uma imiphumela emibi isongela impilo (ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic) noma ingashabalali ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, kungakuhle ukuthi ungene esikhundleni somuthi nge-analog. I-Insuman Bazal GT - i-Humulin NPH noma i-Protafan, i-Rapid GT - i-Actrapid, i-Rinsulin noma i-Humulin Regular. Le mishanguzo yehluka kuphela kubaxutshisi. Iphrofayili yesenzo iyefana kubo. Lapho iguliswa i-insulin yomuntu, iguqukela kuma-insulin analogue.

Intengo ka-Insuman icishe ilingane nenani lentela yakhe. Umuthi osezibayeni zesirinji ubiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-1100. nge-15 ml (amayunithi ayi-1500, amapeni amahlanu wesirinji). I-Isofan-insulin ifakiwe ohlwini lwezidakamizwa ezibalulekile, ngakho-ke abanesifo sikashukela banayo ikhono lokuyithola mahhala.

Contraindication

Ngokusho kwemiyalo, ama-contraindication aphelele okufanele awasebenzise yi-hypoglycemia kuphela kanye nokuphendula okunamandla komzimba. Uma ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kungabekwa nje, kungaphazanyiswa yisivumelwano nodokotela, ngoba lapho umuntu engenawo ama-hormone ama-hyperglycemia ngokushesha nangokwedlulele kwenzeka, bese kuba yi-ketoacidosis ne-coma. Abagula i-Allergy bavame ukuthatha i-insulin esibhedlela.

Ukwephula okulandelayo akuyona imibiko, kepha kudinga okulandelayo:

• i-insuman isuswe ngokwengxenye yizinso, ngakho-ke, ngokuntuleka kwalezi zitho, umuthi ungangena emzimbeni futhi ubangele i-hypoglycemia. Ngo kwabanesifo sikashukela abane-nephropathy nezinye izifo zezinso, ikhono labo le-excretory lihlolwe njalo. Isidingo se-insulin singancipha kancane ekugugeni, lapho ukusebenza kwezinso kuncipha ngenxa yezizathu zokuphila;
• cishe i-40% ye-insulin ikhishwa isibindi. Isitho esifanayo sakha ingxenye ye-glucose engena egazini. Ukuntuleka kwe-Hepatic kuholela ekunokwebeni kwe-Insuman ne-hypoglycemia;
• isidingo se-hormone sikhuphuka ngendlela emangalisayo ngezifo ezithinta umzimba, ikakhulukazi izifo ezithinta umzimba ezihambisana nokushisa;
• kwiziguli ezinenkinga yesifo sikashukela, i-hypoglycemia iyingozi ikakhulukazi. Nge-angiopathy ngokunciphisa imithambo, kungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi, nge-retinopathy - ekulahlekelweni kombono. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela enjalo, amazinga eglucose eziqondisiwe ezigulini ayanda kancane, nemithamo ye-insuman iyancishiswa;
• isenzo se-insulin singashintsha ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezahlukahlukene ezingena egazini: i-ethanol, i-hormonal, ama-antihypertensives nezinye izidakamizwa. Umuthi ngamunye kufanele uvumelane nodokotela. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kulungiselelwe ukuthi isinxephezelo sikashukela i-mellitus sizokhula kakhulu, futhi kuzodingeka ukulungiswa kwethisidi le-insuman.

Umthamo odingekayo we-Insuman ohambisana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ungancipha kancane kancane njengoba ukumelana ne-insulin kuncipha. Ukwenza kube ngokwejwayelekile isisindo, ukudla okune-carb ephansi, kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba okujwayelekile kuholela ekunciphiseni okunjalo.

Imiyalo ekhethekile

I-Hypoglycemia imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, ngakho-ke kunesigaba esehlukile esinikezwe kuyo emiyalweni yokusebenzisa i-Insuman. Ingozi yokwehla okuyingozi kashukela ikhulu ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin, lapho isiguli sifunda ukubala umthamo womuthi kuphela. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunconywa kakhulu ukuqapha i-glucose: imitha ayisetshenziswanga ekuseni nangaphambi kokudla kuphela, kepha futhi ngezikhathi ezithile.

I-Hypoglycemia imiswa ngezimpawu zokuqala noma ngamazinga kashukela ophansi, noma ngabe ayithinti inhlala-kahle. Izimpawu zengozi: uvalo, ukulamba, ukwethuka, ukuzindla noma ukuthambeka kolimi nezindebe, ukujuluka, ukubamba ikhanda, ikhanda. Ukwanda kwe-hypoglycemia kungasolwa ngokuphoxeka, ukuzithiba okungahambi kahle kanye nokuxhumana kokunyakaza. Ngemuva kokulahlekelwa ukwazi, lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu, kuqala ukukhululeka kwe-hypoglycemic.

Iziqephu ezivame kakhulu ze-hypoglycemia ephindaphindeke kakhulu, lapho kuba nzima kakhulu onesifo sikashukela kuva nezimpawu zaso, bese kuba yingozi ngokwengeziwe ukwehla kweshukela okulandelayo. I-hypoglycemia ejwayelekile idinga ukulungiswa kwamthamo we-Insuman. Usizo Lokuqala Loshukela Omncane - 20 g ushukela. Leli dosi lingadlulwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngoba ngokweqile ama-carbohydrate azosheshe aholele esimweni esiphambene - i-hyperglycemia.

I-complication ye-hyperglycemia enzima yi-ketoacidotic coma. Imvamisa kukhula izinsuku eziningana, ngakho-ke isiguli sinesikhathi sokuthatha isenzo. Kwezinye izimo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-ketoacidosis kuya ekhefeni, kudlula amahora ambalwa, ngakho-ke udinga ukunciphisa ushukela omningi ngokushesha ngemuva kokutholwa. Ngalezi zinhloso sebenzisa i-insuman kuphela ngokushesha. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, iyunithi eli-1 liyadingeka ukunciphisa i-glycemia nge-2 mmol / L. I-Insuman. Ukuvimbela i-hypoglycemia, ushukela esigabeni sokuqala wehliselwa ku-8. Ukulungiswa kokujwayelekile kwenziwa ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, lapho isikhathi somjovo wangaphambilini siphelelwe yisikhathi.