Ngaphezu komonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluyingozi, isifo sikashukela singaba nomthelela ongemuhle kulokho okuphakathi. Isifo sikashukela esine-diephalopathy siyinguquko eshintsha ukwakheka kwesakhiwo nemisebenzi yobuchopho. Le nkinga iba kancane kancane, ngakho-ke, bobabili odokotela kanye neziguli ngokwazo baqaphela izimpawu zomtholampilo sekwephuze kakhulu lapho ukuphazamiseka kusesimweni esibucayi. Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwe-encephalopathy yesifo sikashukela kungukuncipha kwamakhono okuqonda, okuholela ebunzimeni ekuvumelaniseni emphakathini nasemsebenzini, ukulahleka kwamakhono ochwepheshe.
Lesi sifo siwohloka kakhulu izinga lempilo yeziguli, ikakhulukazi esegugile, kuba nzima kwabanesifo sikashukela nge-encephalopathy ukulawula lesi sifo, bangakhohlwa ukuthatha imishanguzo, ukubala ngokungafanele umthamo we-insulin, abakwazi ukulawula indlela abadla ngayo. Isinxephezelo esimeme sesifo sikashukela asinakwenzeka kulezi ziguli, ngakho-ke ziba nezinkinga ngokushesha, ukukhubazeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwenzeka, kanti nokufa nge-20% kuphezulu. Ukuphela kwendlela yokugwema izinguquko ebuchosheni ukuthola nokwelapha izinkinga zisencane kakhulu.
Yini i-encephalopathy?
Igama elithi "encephalopathy" lisho zonke izifo zobuchopho lapho kuthi lapho kunokulimala kungonakalisi khona emzimbeni. Izicubu zobuchopho zivame ukubhujiswa ngokwengxenye ngokungondleki. Ngokwemvelo, ngasikhathi sinye, ingxenye yemisebenzi yohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi iyalahleka. Imbangela ye-diephalopathy yesifo sikashukela ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kanye ne-vascular emzimbeni.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, izimpawu ze-encephalopathy zingatholakala cishe ezingamaphesenti angama-90 eziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukuxilongwa okunjalo kwenziwa ngokungacabangi, ngoba lesi sifo sinzima ukuthola futhi sithola ukuthi isifo sikashukela siyimbangela yezinguquko ebuchosheni.
Ngokwencwadi evela eMnyangweni Wezempilo waseRussia Federation, isifo sikashukela sinekhodi ye-ICD yezifo eziyi-10 (ukuhlukaniswa kwezifo emhlabeni jikelele) kwe-E10.8 ne-E14.8 - ukubikwa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ezingacaciswanga.
Imishini yokwenziwa kwe-encephalopathy ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kepha kukholelwa ukuthi inokufana kakhulu nesifo sikashukela se-neuropathy. Imbangela eyinhloko ye-pathology iyefana naleyo yezinye izinkinga zesifo sikashukela - i-hyperglycemia.
Ushukela omningi uholela ku-angiopathy yemithambo yegazi, eyephula umsoco wobuchopho. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza, ama-neurons azizwa yindlala komoya-mpilo, asebenza kakhulu, awunawo amandla okuthola ukululama ngesikhathi esifanele futhi alahle izinto ezinobuthi. Lesi simo sibhebhetheka ngokweqile kwe-cholesterol, triglycerides ne-low-density lipoproteins, okuyisimo sikashukela mellitus.
Izigaba ezintathu ze-encephalopathy
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-encephalopathy kwenzeka ngezigaba ezi-3. Izimpawu zokuqala azicaciswanga, ngakho-ke abantu abanesifo sikashukela abavami ukubanaka. Imvamisa, i-encephalopathy ayitholakali ngaphambi kwesigaba 2, lapho izimpawu zayo ziphinyiselwa khona. Ekuqaleni kwesifo, i-MRI ingathola ushintsho oluncane kakhulu olukhona ebuchosheni. Imvamisa zitholakala ngokungafani ezindaweni eziningana. Kamuva, kwakheka i-lesion ebuchosheni. Izimpawu ezivelele kanye nobukhali bazo kule nkathi kuncike ekwakhekeni kwasendaweni okugxilwe kuyo.
Isigaba se-encephalopathy yesifo sikashukela:
- Esigabeni sokuqala - isiguli sithola iziqephu zokukhuphuka kanye nokuwa komfutho wegazi, isiyezi, ukuba mnyama emehlweni, ukukhathala kanye nokuvuka komzimba. Njengomthetho, lokhu kubonakaliswa kufakwa kwisimo sezulu esibi, iminyaka yobudala noma i-vegetative-vascular dystonia.
- Esigabeni sesibili - Ubuhlungu bekhanda buba kaningi, ukulahleka kwenkumbulo kwesikhashana, ukudideka esikhaleni kungenzeka. Izimpawu ze-Neurological zingavela - ukusabela kwabafundi ekuguqukeni kokukhanya, ukukhuluma kuyaphazamiseka, kukhanya kuyashabalala, kuvela nezinkinga zobuso. Imvamisa, yilesi sigaba lapho iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ziphendukela kudokotela wezinzwa.
- Esigabeni sesithathu - Izimpawu ziyabizwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ikhanda liyaqina, izinkinga ngokuxhumana kokunyakaza, isiyezi avele. Ukuqwasha, ukukhula kokudangala, inkumbulo iba mbi kakhulu. Kulesi sigaba, cishe akunakwenzeka ukwazi amakhono amasha nolwazi.
Izici zezifo zesifo ngohlobo 1 no-2 sikashukela
Ngendlela ebukeka ngayo, i-encephalopathy yeswekile itholakala kuphela kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ebuchosheni babo kuhlotshaniswa nokuntuleka kwe-insulin yabo uqobo kanye nokuthola kwabo kungafanele ngendlela yesidakamizwa. Kunemibono yokuthi ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-encephalopathy akuxhomeki kuphela kumvamisa we-hyperglycemia, kodwa futhi nokungabikho kwe-C-peptide emzimbeni, okuyingxenye ye-molekyuli ye-proinsulin esulwe kuyo ngenkathi kwakhiwa i-insulin. I-insulin yezimboni, ebekelwe zonke iziguli ezinesifo sohlobo 1, ayinayo i-C-peptide - funda kabanzi nge-C-peptide.
I-encephalopathy ilimaza kakhulu ngohlobo 1 sikashukela ezinganeni. Banezinkinga ngokunakwa, ukuthathwa kwemininingwane kuyancipha, inkumbulo yabo iyancipha. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kufakazele ukuthi esigulini esine-encephalopathy, i-IQ yengane iyancipha, kanye nomthelela omubi ebuhlakani abafana abanamandla kunamantombazane. Ucwaningo lobuchopho ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sokuqala lubonisa ukuthi lapho sebekhulile, banobunzima obuphansi bezinto ezimpunga kunabantu abaphilile.
I-encephalopathy yesifo sikashukela kuhlobo 2 sikashukela ixubekile. Kulokhu, ubuchopho buthinteka kabi hhayi nge-hyperglycemia kuphela, kepha futhi nokuphazamiseka okuhlangana nakho:
- I-Hypertension ithuthukisa izinguquko ze-atherosulinotic emikhunjini, izikhathi ezi-6 zandisa ubungozi be-encephalopathy.
- Ukukhuluphala okuphakathi kweminyaka yobudala kuholela ekuqineni okukhulu kwe-encephalopathy ekugugeni.
- Ukumelana ne-insulin okunamandla kuholela ekuqongeleleni ebuchosheni be-beta-amyloids - izinto ezingakha ama-plaque futhi zinciphise kakhulu ukusebenza kwengqondo.
I-Encephalopathy iyingozi enkulu yohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esegugile, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sokuwohloka kwemizwa nesifo se-Alzheimer's.
Izimpawu nezimpawu
Izimpawu ze-encephalopathy in diabetesics zichazwa ukungakwazi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho ukuthi asebenze ngokujwayelekile ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo kanye nokudla okunempilo, ngenxa yalokho ziyefana nokuboniswa kwe-encephalopathy ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ingozi ye-cerebrovascular.
| Iqembu Lezimpawu | Ukubonakaliswa kwe-encephalopathy |
| I-Asthenia | Ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ukucasuka ngokweqile, imizwa, ukukhala. |
| Cephalgia | Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlukahlukene: kusuka kumzwelo omfishane kuya kobunzima obukhulu nge-nausea. Ukucwilisa noma ukusinda ekhanda kungazwakala, kwenze kube nzima ukugxila. |
| I-vestonia yemifino | Ukucindezela kokudlula, ukushesha okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka, ukubanda, umuzwa wokushisa, ukushoda komoya. |
| Ukulimazeka kwengqondo | Ubunzima bokukhumbula ulwazi olusha, ukungakwazi ukwakha umqondo ngokushesha, ubunzima bokuqonda umbhalo, ukwephulwa kokucaca kwenkulumo. Ukunganakwa, ukudangala kungenzeka. |
Ungayelapha kanjani i-encephalopathy yesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa kwe-encephalopathy ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela kuyinkimbinkimbi, kuhloswe ngakho kokubili ekulinganiseni imetabolism nasekuthuthukiseni isimo semithambo enikeza ubuchopho. Ngomthethonqubo we-metabolism uyasetshenziswa:
- Ukulungiswa kokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela esinqunywe ngaphambilini ukuze kufezekiswe i-standardoglycemia ezinzile.
- Ama-antioxidants ukunciphisa imiphumela elimazayo yama-free radicals. Imvamisa, i-lipoic acid iyakhethwa.
- Amavithamini B, imvamisa njengengxenye yezindawo ezikhethekile - iMilgamma, Neuromultivit.
- Izimo zokwenziwa kwe-lipid metabolism - i-Atorvastatin, iLovastatin, iRosuvastatin.
Ukwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwegazi, ama-angioprotectors nama-antiplatelet agents asetshenziswa: I-Pentoxifylline, Actovegin, Vazaprostan. I-Nootropics nayo ingabekwa - izidakamizwa ezivuselela ubuchopho, isibonelo, i-vinpocetine, i-piracetam, i-nicergoline.
Imiphumela
Ukuqashelwa kwe-encephalopathy kuncike eminyakeni yesiguli, ubude kanye nenqanaba lesinxephezelo sikashukela, ukutholwa kwezinkinga ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukwelashwa okufanele kwe-encephalopathy nesifo sikashukela kuvumela iminyaka eminingi ukulondoloze ubuchopho besiguli ezingeni elifanayo, ngaphandle kokuwohloka okungathi sína. Ngasikhathi sinye, isiguli sigcina ubukhulu bokusebenza kanye nekhono lokufunda.
Uma ukwelashwa sekwephuze kakhulu, isifo sikashukela esihlasela isifo sikashukela siphumela ekuphazanyisweni okuningi kohlelo lwezinzwa: i-migraines enzima, isifo sokuqina, kanye nokukhubazeka okubukwayo. Ngokuzayo, ubuchopho buyekela ukulahleka kwemisebenzi yabo, okukhombisa ukulahleka kancane kancane kwenkululeko kuze kukhubazeke kakhulu.
I-encephalopathy engaba khona yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okunzima, okukhona kuyo ukuqagela, ukukhohlisa, ukuziphatha okungafanele, ukungakwazi ukuzulazula esikhaleni nesikhathi, ukulahleka kwememori.
