I-insulin yi-hormone ekhethekile yomuntu ekhiqizwa ama-pancreas. Umsebenzi wawo ukuhlinzeka ushukela, i-potassium, ama-amino acid namafutha kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusadingeka ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kwamazinga kashukela egazini kanye nokulungiswa kwenani elilinganayo lama-carbohydrate.
Njalo lapho izinga likashukela wegazi liqala ukukhuphuka futhi liwele uphawu lwe-100 mg / deciliter, amanyikwe aqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin ezinganeni nakubantu besifazane nakwabesilisa.
I-hormone iqala ukubopha ushukela omningi bese igcina izicubu zomzimba kanye namafutha izicubu zomzimba. Lonke lelo glucose elingene emathanjeni emisipha liguqulwa lize libe amandla, futhi kumaseli omzimba licutshungulwa libe ngamafutha bese liyanqwabelana.
Uma sikhuluma ngezimo ezijwayelekile, khona-ke i-insulin ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zomzimba womuntu. Unomphumela omuhle kuye futhi ulawula izinqubo ezilandelayo:
- isiza ukwakha izicubu zomzimba. Lokhu kungenxa yokwenza kusebenze ama-ribosomes, abhekele ukwakheka kwamaprotheni - into esemqoka yemisipha;
- kuvimbela ukubhujiswa kwemicu yemisipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ze-anticatabolic ze-hormone zibaluleke kakhulu ekuvuseleleni kwabo;
- i-insulin ihambisa ama-amino acid kumaseli adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwawo ngokwanele;
- yandisa umsebenzi walawo ma-enzyme abhekene nokwenziwa kwe-glycogen. Nguye - nansi indlela esemqoka yokugcina ushukela kumaseli womzimba womuntu.
Ngokuwohloka kweshukela, kuphuma amandla, okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo.
Indoda nowesifazane abanempilo bazocatshangelwa ezimweni lapho i-insulin yabo ingadluleli ngale kwezindlela ezamukelwa umuthi. Ezimweni ezimbi, lokhu kungaba usongo kokuqala kokukhuluphala, thayipha isifo sikashukela 2 kanye nezinkinga ezivela ohlelweni lwenhliziyo.
Izinhlobo zokuqukethwe kwe-insulin futhi zitholwa kanjani?
Kumuntu ophile kahle, ukuhlaziya kanye namazinga e-insulin kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-20 mcU / ml aqashelwa njengokujwayelekile, futhi ukuguquguquka okuncane kwalolu phawu kuyavunyelwa. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kwezinga lale nto esegazini kwenziwa kuphela esiswini esingenalutho. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukubona kahle izinkinga zomzimba. Ngemuva kokudla, ama-pancreas aqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin ngenkuthalo yingakho okuqukethwe kwawo kusegazini kuzoba ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Uma sikhuluma ngezingane, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, lo mthetho awusebenzi ezinganeni. Ngesikhathi sokuthomba kuphela lapho i-insulin yabo ixhomekeka ekudleni kokudla.
Uma izinga lakho le-insulin lingaphezu kokujwayelekile
Kunezimo lapho ukuhlaziya kukhombisa ukuthi izinga le-insulin egazini lomuntu lihlala liphakeme kakhulu kunelejwayelekile. Izimo ezinjalo zingaba imbangela yokuqala kokukhula kwama-pathologies angenakuphikwa. Lezi zinguquko zithinta ngokuphelele zonke izinhlelo ezibalulekile zomzimba, kokubili abadala nezingane.
Isizathu sokukhula kwe-insulin egazini kungaba yilezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- ukwenza njalo ngokomzimba okukhulu ngokomzimba okukhulu, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane;
- izimo ezicindezelayo ezingapheli;
- uhlobo 2 isifo sikashukela i-mellitus njalo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinga le-insulin egazini likhuphuka;
- i-hormone yokukhula ngokweqile (i-acromegaly);
- ukukhuluphala kwezigaba ezahlukahlukene;
- i-polycystic ovary kwabesifazane;
- I-Cushing's syndrome;
- dystrophic myotonia (isifo sezinzwa);
- ukubona okungalungile kwe-insulin nokudla okune-carbohydrate;
- i-pancreatic insulinoma, izimpawu zalesi simila ziyobonakala ngokwazo impela;
- izifo ezithinta kakhulu i-pancreatic, ngokwesibonelo, ama-neoplasms ahlukahlukene noma umdlavuza wesitho;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-pituitary gland.
Uma ukuhlaziya kukhombisa ukuthi amazinga e-insulin abangela ukwehla okubukhali kwenani le-glucose egazini esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke ezimweni ezinjalo kuyaqala: ukujuluka, imilenze ethuthumela, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuphuka, isicanucanu, kanye nendlala engalindelekile nenganqandeki.
Isizathu salokhu futhi sinokweqisa kwe-insulin. Kungakho bonke labo abasebenzisa le-hormone ekwelashweni baphoqelelwa ukuyiphatha ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka, bebala ngokusobala umthamo odingekayo kumjovo ngamunye othize, futhi balethe ukuhlaziya ngaleli hormone ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.
Uma amazinga e-insulin ephansi
Kulezo zimo lapho ukuhlaziya kukhombisa ukuthi i-insulin ingaphansi, futhi ingaphansi komkhawulo ojwayelekile, kufanele sikhulume ngalezo zakhiwo:
- ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1;
- indlela yokuhlala impilo;
- ukwephulwa kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-pituitary gland;
- isifo sikashukela;
- ukukhathala komzimba;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zezindlela ezingamahlalakhona zezifundo zabo;
- ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-carbohydrate ahlanzekile;
- ukusebenza ngokomzimba okweqile futhi isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi esiswini esingenalutho.
I-insulin ephansi ingaba yinqimba yokudla ushukela emangqamuzaneni, okuholela ekuhlushweni ngokweqile kwayo. Umphumela wale nqubo yimikhakha yomile kakhulu, ukukhathazeka, isifiso esijulile sokudla ukudla, ukungabekezeleki ngokweqile, nokuchama kaningi.
Izimpawu ezifanayo nazo zingavela phambi kwezinye izifo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uyohlolwa izivivinyo ezikhethekile zezokwelapha, uhlole. yini imvelo yokuzila ushukela wegazi.
Ungasithola kanjani inkomba yakho yamazinga e-insulin?
Ukuthola umphumela ofanele, kuyadingeka ukuthi uxilongwe, ikakhulukazi, ukunikela ngegazi kusuka emthanjeni we-ulnar wokuhlaziya okusheshayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kokudla, ngoba ngemuva kokudla ama-pancreas kuzoqala umsebenzi wawo osebenzayo futhi akhombise idatha engalungile.
Akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi cishe ngosuku olungaphambi kokunikelwa kwegazi okulindelwe, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ungathathi noma yimuphi umuthi, kepha leli phuzu lingaphikiswa, ngoba kunezimo lapho lesi sifo singanikeli ukwenqaba okunjalo ngaphandle komthelela omubi emzimbeni wesiguli.
Idatha enembayo kakhulu ingatholakala uma uhlanganisa ngokushesha izinhlobo ezi-2 zokuhlolwa kwegazi nezinga le-insulin kulo. Imayelana nokunikela ngegazi ngaphambi kokudla, esiswini esingenalutho, bese uphinda inqubo efanayo, kodwa amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuqeda isisombululo se-glucose sokuhlushwa okuthile. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni eseyitholile, iziphetho zingadonswa ngesimo se-insulin egazini lomuntu. Ngokuthatha igazi le-venous kuphela ngokuya ngalolu hlelo kungenzeka ukucacisa isithombe sonke sokusebenza kwamanyikwe.
