Isifo sikashukela mellitus sibi ngezinkinga zaso ezivela kwizitho ezibalulekile. Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kungenye yezitho ezihlosiwe ezithintekayo kuqala. Cishe ama-40% eziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kanye no-80% weziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zinenkinga yegazi eliphezulu, izinkinga zenhliziyo, ne-atherossteosis. I-Hypertension yisifo esingapheli lapho kunokukhuphuka kwengcindezi okuqhubekayo.
Imvamisa, iba kubantu abakhulile nabadala, yize eminyakeni yamuva, i-pathology itholakala ngisho nasebasha. Lesi sifo siyingozi emzimbeni, noma sisodwa, futhi ngokuhambisana nesifo sikashukela siba usongo olukhulu kakhulu empilweni yomuntu ejwayelekile. Ukwelashwa kwe-hypertension ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kuqukethe ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive ezinciphisa umfutho wegazi futhi zivikele inhliziyo nezinso ezifweni ezingaba khona.
Kungani abanesifo sikashukela besengozini enkulu yokuthola umfutho wegazi ophezulu?
Umzimba wesiguli onesifo sikashukela uthola ushintsho olukhulu lwe-pathological. Ngenxa yalokhu, imisebenzi yayo yephulwa, futhi izinqubo eziningi azijwayelekile. I-metabolabolism iyabekeka, izitho zokugaya ukudla zisebenza ngaphansi komthwalo owengeziwe futhi kukhona ukwehluleka ohlelweni lwamahomoni. Ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, iziguli zivame ukuqala ukuthola isisindo, futhi lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zobungozi zokuthuthukisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Izici ezinikezayo zalesi sifo nazo:
- ukucindezelwa kwengqondo nokomzwelo (kuma-diabetes, ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa kuvame ukuqashelwa);
- indlela yokuphila yokuphila (ezinye iziguli zigwema noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba, okuholela ezinkingeni zemisipha nokugcwala);
- i-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi nokuphazamiseka komzimba we-lipid (onesifo sikashukela, lama-pathologies ajwayelekile).
Yini okufanele uyenze ngesifo segazi?
Ubunzima be-hypertensive yisimo lapho umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ngalesi simo, izitho ezibalulekile zingathinteka: ubuchopho, izinso, inhliziyo. Izimpawu zezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu:
Kungani imilenze ibuhlungu nesifo sikashukela?- umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
- ikhanda
- i-tinnitus nomuzwa wokuqunjelwa;
- umjuluko obandayo, onamathelayo;
- ubuhlungu endaweni yesifuba;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-cramp, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, kanye nokukhubazeka kakhulu kungajoyina lezi zibonakaliso. Izinkinga azilula futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenkambo elula, ngosizo lwemithi, ingcindezi ijwayelekile phakathi nosuku, kuyilapho izitho ezibalulekile zihlala zinjalo. Umphumela wesimo esinjalo uyathandeka, njengomthetho, ubunzima budlula ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi yomzimba.
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, isiguli singaba nesifo sohlangothi, ukungakwazi ukuqonda kahle, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukukhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezimpawu zomzimba womuntu, usizo olungakafiki noma ubukhona bezinye izifo ezinkulu. Ngisho nenkinga ye-hypertensive engenzima ukucindezela komzimba. Kuhambisana nezimpawu ezinzima ezingathandeki, umuzwa wokwesaba nokwesaba. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungavumeli ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo ezinjalo, thatha amaphilisi anqunywe ngudokotela ngesikhathi futhi ukhumbule ukuvimbela kwezinkinga.
Inhlekelele ingakudambisa ukucabanga okungokomzwelo, ukuntuleka kokulala nokukhathala okukhulu, ukweqa umthamo wansuku zonke wemithi ye-antihypertensive, amaphutha anomsoco, ukuphuza utshwala kanye noshintsho olubi esimweni sezulu
Ku-diabetes, ingozi yokuthola ubunzima be-hypertension iphindwe kaningi kunezinye iziguli. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko ezibuhlungu emithanjeni, igazi nenhliziyo okuvusa lokhu kugula. Ngakho-ke, ukugwema izici zobungozi ezigulini ezinjalo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izindlela zosizo lokuqala zenkinga ye-hypertensive:
- thatha umuthi ukunciphisa ingcindezi ezimweni eziphuthumayo (yisiphi isidakamizwa okungcono ukusisebenzisa, kufanele ubuze udokotela wakho kusengaphambili futhi uthenge la maphilisi uma kungenzeka);
- khipha izingubo zokunwebeka, vula iwindi egumbini;
- ulale embhedeni endaweni yokuhlala isigamu ukuze wakhe ukuphuma kwegazi kusuka ekhanda kuya emilenzeni.
Kala ingcindezi okungenani kanye ngemizuzu engama-20. Uma kungawi, kukhuphuka okungaphezulu noma umuntu ezwa izinhlungu enhliziyweni, omile, udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi.
Ukukhetha kwemithi
Ukukhetha umuthi ofanele wokwelashwa kwe-hypertension akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. Esigulini ngasinye, udokotela kumele athole ikhambi elilungile, elithe ngethamo elamukelekayo lizonciphisa ingcindezi futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngeke libe nomthelela omubi emzimbeni. Isiguli kufanele siphuze imishanguzo ye-hypertension nsuku zonke empilweni yakhe, ngoba lesi yisifo esingamahlalakhona. Ngokwesifo sikashukela, ukukhethwa kwemithi kuyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba eminye imishanguzo ye-antihypertgency inyusa ushukela wegazi, kanti eminye ayihambisani ne-insulin noma amaphilisi anciphisa amazinga kashukela.
Izidakamizwa zokwelashwa kwe-hypertension kushukela kufanele zihlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- ukunciphisa ngempumelelo ingcindezi ngaphandle komphumela osobala;
- ukuvikela inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ekwakhiweni kwe-concencitant pathologies;
- musa ukwandisa ushukela wegazi;
- Musa ukuvusa ukuphazamiseka kuma-metabolism wamafutha futhi uvikele izinso ekuphazamisekeni kokusebenza.
Akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa ingcindezi ngesikhathi somfutho wegazi ophakeme ngemuva kwesizinda sikashukela yizo zonke izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive zendabuko. Imvamisa, iziguli ezinje zibekelwa i-ACE inhibitors, ama-diuretics nama-sartan.
Izidakamizwa zesimanje zokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme zitholakala ngendlela elula yethebhulethi. Kwanele ukubaphuza izikhathi ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngosuku, kuya ngomthamo kanye nezimpawu zomuthi othile
Ama-inhibitors e-ACE anciphisa inqubo yokuguqula i-angiotensin ye-hormone ibe yi-angiotensin 2. Leli hormone elisesimweni salo sesibili esisebenzayo sobalo libangela i-vasoconstriction, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ingcindezi eyandayo. I-Angiotensin 1 ayinazo izakhiwo ezifanayo, futhi ngenxa yokuncipha kokuguqulwa kwayo, umfutho wegazi uhlala uvamile. Ama-inhibitors e-ACE anenzuzo yokwehlisa ukumelana kwe-insulin izicubu nokuvikela izinso.
Ama-diuretics (ama-diuretics) asusa uketshezi ngokweqile emzimbeni. Njengezidakamizwa ezisebenza zodwa ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme, azisetshenziswa neze. Imvamisa zibekwa ngokuhlanganiswa nama-inhibitors e-ACE.
AmaSartan yisigaba sezidakamizwa ukulwa ne-hypertension evimba ama-receptors azwela i-angiotensin 2. Njengomphumela, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sokusebenza okungasebenzi kwe-hormone kuya kokusebenzayo kuvinjelwe kakhulu, futhi ingcindezi igcinwa ezingeni elijwayelekile. Indlela yokusebenza yalezi zidakamizwa ihlukile kumphumela wama-ACE inhibitors, kepha umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwawo ucishe ufane.
AmaSartan anemiphumela eminingana emihle:
- abe nomthelela ovikela inhliziyo, isibindi, izinso nemithambo yegazi;
- vimbela ukuguga;
- yehlisa ingozi yezinkinga zemithambo yegazi evela ebuchosheni;
- cholesterol yegazi ephansi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, le mishanguzo ivame ukuba yimithi yokuzikhethela ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophezulu ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela. Abakhuphathi ukukhuluphala futhi banciphise ukumelana ne-tisulin insulin. Lapho ukhetha umuthi ukuze unciphise umfutho wegazi, udokotela kufanele acabangele izici ezithile zesiguli nokuba khona kwezifo ezihlangene. Ukubekezelelwa komuthi ofanayo ezigulini ezihlukene kungahluka kakhulu, futhi imiphumela emibi ingenzeka ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi eside sokuphatha. Kuyingozi ukuzindla ngokwakho, ngakho-ke isiguli ngaso sonke isikhathi sidinga ukubona udokotela ukuthi akhethe umuthi ofanele futhi alungise irejimeni yokwelashwa.
Ukuyeka ukubhema kunconywa kakhulu kuzo zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Futhi ezigulini ezithuthukise ngasikhathi sinye umfutho wegazi, lokhu kubalulekile
Ukudla
Ukudla ushukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kuyindlela enhle yokusiza umzimba ngaphandle kwezidakamizwa. Ngosizo lokulungiswa kokudla, unganciphisa ushukela, ugcine ingcindezi ijwayelekile futhi uqede i-edema. Imigomo yokudla okwelashwa kweziguli ezinalezi zifo:
- imikhawulo yama-carbohydrate namafutha ekudleni;
- ukwenqaba ukudla okuthosiwe, okunamafutha nokubhemayo;
- ukunciphisa usawoti nezinongo;
- ukwehlukaniswa kwengqikithi yansuku zonke yokudla ekudleni okungama-5-6;
- ukukhishwa kotshwala ekudleni.
Usawoti ugcina amanzi, yingakho i-edema ikhula emzimbeni, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kube kuncane. Ukukhethwa kokufiswa kwegazi elinomfutho wegazi futhi kukhawulelwe. Izinongo ezinesipayisi nezinongo zibangela isasasa lohlelo lwezinzwa futhi kusheshise ukuhamba kwegazi. Lokhu kungaholela ekunyukeni kwengcindezi, ngakho-ke kuyinto engathandeki ukuyisebenzisa. Ungathuthukisa ukunambitheka kokudla ngosizo lwamakhambi emvelo omisiwe namasha, kepha inani labo kufanele futhi lilinganiselwe.
Isisekelo semenyu ye-hypertonic, kanye nesifo sikashukela, yimifino, izithelo nenyama ebusayo. Kuyasiza ezigulini ezinjalo ukudla izinhlanzi, okuqukethe i-omega acid ne phosphorus. Esikhundleni samaswidi, ungadla amantongomane. Benza ngcono umsebenzi wobuchopho futhi basebenze njengomthombo wamafutha anempilo, noma yimuphi umuntu awadingayo kumithamo emincane.
Ukudla kokugcina kufanele kube amahora angama-1.5-2 ngaphambi kokulala. Uma umuntu ezizwa elamba kakhulu, ungaphuza ingilazi yesiphuzo sobisi esinoshukela esinga-fat
Amakhambi esintu
Ngokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezokwelapha, ezinye izidakamizwa ezingasetshenziswa zingaba ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela oholayo, ngoba akuwona wonke amakhambi nezitshalo zokwelapha ezingasetshenziswa sikashukela. Izinto ezingokwemvelo zokusetshenziswa akufanele zinciphise umfutho wegazi, kodwa futhi futhi zingalehli ushukela wegazi.
Izindlela zokwelapha abantu besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme zingasetshenziswa ukuqinisa imithambo yegazi, ukuvikela inhliziyo nezinso. Kukhona futhi ama-decoctions kanye ne-infusions onomphumela we-diuretic, okuthi ngenxa yalesi senzo anciphise umfutho wegazi. Umuthi othile wendabuko ungasetjenziswa njengomthombo wezinto eziwusizo zokulandela umkhondo kanye namavithamini adingekayo enhliziyweni. Ngale njongo, umhluzi we-rosehip kanye ne-compote yezithelo ezijwayelekile ezomisiwe zinhle. Ushukela kanye noswidi akunakungezwa kulezi ziphuzo.
I-decoction yamaqabunga e-quince angasetshenziswa womabili ngaphakathi ukunciphisa ingcindezi noshukela, nangaphandle ukwelapha imifantu ku-diabetesic foot syndrome. Ukulungiselela kwayo, kuyadingeka ukugaya 2 tbsp. l izinto ezingavuthiwe zemifino, uthele u-200 ml wamanzi abilayo phezu kwabo bese uqhubeka nokushisa okuphansi ikota yehora. Ngemuva kokuhlunga, umuthi uthathwa 1 tbsp. l kathathu ngosuku ngaphambi kokudla noma uyihlikihle ngezindawo ezithintekile kwesikhumba.
Ukuze wehlise ingcindezi, ungalungiselela i-decoction yama-crople of amapomegranate. Ukuze wenze lokhu, u-45 g wezinto zokusetshenziswa kumele ubiliswe engilazini yamanzi abilayo bese ugcinwa kubhavu wamanzi imizuzu engama-30. Thatha umkhiqizo ungama-30 ml okhubazekile ngaphambi kokudla. Izindawo zokugeza zonyawo lwendawo ezine-mustard zinomphumela omuhle. Zishukumisa ukugeleza kwegazi, ngakho-ke, azisizi nje ukunciphisa ingcindezi, kodwa futhi nokwenza ngcono ukuzwela kwesikhumba semilenze ezinesifo sikashukela.
Ijusi le-Cowberry ne-cranberry liyigumbi lamavithamini kanye namaminerali. Inomphumela we-diuretic, yehlisa umfutho wegazi futhi isiza ukugcina amazinga evamile eglucose. Lapho upheka, kubalulekile ukuthi ungafaki ushukela eziphuzweni futhi usebenzise amajikijolo amasha, asezingeni eliphakeme. Ngokuvimbela izinkinga ze-vascular, kungakuhle ukuthi udle ugarlic omncane nsuku zonke ngokudla okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, ezigulini ezinezifo ezihambisana nokuvuvukala zohlelo lokugaya ukudla, lokhu akufanele.
Ukuze uthole umphumela ongcono kakhulu kanye nokugcina inhlala kahle isiguli, kuyadingeka ukwelapha ngokuphelele umfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo sikashukela. Zombili lezi zifo zingamahlalakhona, zishiya umbono obalulekile empilweni yomuntu. Kepha ngokulandela ukudla, ukuthatha imishanguzo ebekwe udokotela wakho nokuphila impilo esebenzayo, ungadambisa isifundo sabo futhi wehlise nengozi yokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu.
