Isifo sikashukela se-renal noma i-renal glucosuria siyindlela yokuziphatha ebonakala ngokwanda kweshukela emchameni ngamazinga ajwayelekile eglucose yegazi. I-anomaly yenzeka ngenxa yokulimazeka kokugaya ushukela ngohlelo lwezinso.
Isifo sikashukela se-renal futhi siyindlela ye-sodium ye-sodium. Kulokhu, izinso zilahlekelwa umuzwa wazo kuma-adrenal mahormone. Ukwehluleka kwenzeka endaweni yangakini (ezinso ngokwazo) kanye naseceleni kohlelo lwezinzwa oluyinkimbinkimbi (ukungasebenzi kwe-hypothalamus).
Izici zesimo se-pathological
Isifo sikashukela ukugula okuvamile kwe-metabolic. Uma ngesifo "ushukela" wesifo se-insulin siphulukile, khona-ke ngesifo sikashukela sezinso, ama-tubules ancipha noma athinteka kwi-aldosterone - i-hormone yezindlala ze-adrenal.
Ungakhuluma ngomsuka we-glucosuria lapho 2 kuya ku-100 g we-glucose kuhlanganiswa umchamo ngosuku. Izinkomba ezingokoqobo azithinteki nganoma iyiphi indlela ngokudla, indlela yokuphila, noma inani lamanzi aqediwe. Noma yimuphi umchamo (kufaka phakathi izingxenye zobusuku) ungaqukatha izingxenyana ze-glucose. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kushukela wegazi kwesinye isikhathi kuba ngaphansi.
Kuyaqabukela, i- "classical" sikashukela mellitus nezinso ezingatheleleki ku-aldosterone yizifo ezimbili ezikhula ngokufana emzimbeni owodwa.
Isifo Sikashukela Sikasawoti
Isifo sikashukela sezinso se-sodium siyakhula ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezindlela ze-neurohumoral ezibhekele ukwakhiwa koketshezi lomchamo. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka ekuphindweni kabusha, umzimba uqala ukuhlushwa ukungalingani kwe-fluid.
Izinso azikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yazo eqondile. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinto ezibalulekile ziphoqelelwa ngaphandle komzimba. Ukushoda kwe-Sodium kuholela kwezinye izimo ezithile ze-pathological. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, inhliziyo, ukwakheka kwamathambo kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa ngeke kusebenze ngokujwayelekile.
ISymbomatology
Ukulimala kwezinso ezinshukela sikashukela kuboniswa yizimpawu ezimbalwa ezimibalabala. Inani elikhulu le-glucose ne-sodium liqoshwa kumchamo.
Ngokwesimo se-glucosuria yesifo, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ziyimpawu:
- Ubuthakathaka
- Isiyezi
- Umuzwa oqhubekayo wendlala;
- Isikhumba esomile;
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu;
- Ukwehla kwengqondo;
- Ukuchama kaningi.
Uma inkinga ihlotshaniswa nokuphuma ngokushesha kwe-sodium, izinso ezithintekile ezinesifo sikashukela zizovusa ukuba khona kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Isifiso sokudla;
- Ukuqhafaza;
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe;
- Ukuqunjelwa okungapheli
- Izimo zokugcwala;
- Izingxenye zomchamo zikhulu ngokungajwayelekile.
Ngenxa yokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesifo sikashukela sezinso, futhi izinso zibamba umchamo omkhulu, kungenzeka kube nesimo sokuphelelwa ngamandla.
Isifo sikashukela se-renal siyakhiwa, njengesimo esiphikelelayo se-pathological, ebuntwaneni. Kulokhu, iningi lesibalo sezingane linokuphambuka ekukhuleni ngokomzimba.
"Umchamo omnandi" uphethe enye insongo enkulu. Uketshezi lwe-Urinary olunokugcwala ushukela luyindlela ekahle yokuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane ahlukahlukene.
Izizathu zokwenziwa kwezifo
Isifo sikashukela se-renal, izimpawu zazo ezihlala zinamakhono futhi zingavumeli iphutha ekuxilongeni, kuba ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene eziphikisayo.
I-glucosuria yangempela yakhiwa ngenxa yokulimazeka okunje:
- Ukuncishiswa kwezigumbu zezindlela zokwelapha izinso (i-anatomical pathology);
- Ukuphahlazeka ngesikhathi sokuhambisa ushukela
- Izinkinga zokuthola i-glucose.
Isifo sezinso se-Sodium esinesifo sikashukela siyaqhubeka. Lokhu kungaba yiphutha lokuzalwa, uhlobo lwesifo sofuzo, esidluliselwa ukusuka ekukhulekeni kuye kwesinye isizukulwane.
Uma kungeyona i-pathology eyindlalifa, izimbangela zesifo zingaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Izinqubo ezinde eziqeda amandla ezithathelwanayo (isifo sofuba, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi);
- Ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma izicubu ze-pituitary;
- Ukulimazeka ezingxenyeni zobuchopho ezibhekene nokusebenza okujwayelekile kohlelo lobuchwepheshe (lokhu kungaba izingqinamba nokulimala ekhanda, izinqubo zesimila, i-metastases, i-hydrocephalic syndrome, imiphumela yokungenelela kwe-neurosurgical);
- Isifo sezinzwa;
- Izifo ze-Autoimmune lapho ukwakheka kwezinso kuhlushwa ukusebenza komzimba wazo.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-atherosclerosis kanye ne-hypertension kungasenza sibe nzima isimo sesiguli, kuthinte kabi izinso, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nezinye izindlela zokuhlukunyezwa kwe-endocrine nazo zizothuthuka.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela
Usebenzisa izivivinyo ezilula, ungahlola ukuthi izinso zisebenza kanjani nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, ushukela glucosuria kanye nefomu lesodium ye-sodium. Ukuhlaziywa kokuqala okubalulekile okunqunyelwe esigulini ukunqunywa kwenani lomchamo wansuku zonke. Ngokufana, ukufundwa komchamo kuyafundwa.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okujwayelekile (i-urinalysis ejwayelekile, ukubalwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kanye nokukalwa kwe-glucose glucose), iziguli kufanele ziye kuhlolo olubizwa ngokuthi “olomile”.
Kungakapheli amahora ayi-12, umuntu angadla kuphela ukudla okomile, aqede noma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla oluwuketshezi namanzi ekudleni kwakhe.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ochwepheshe babala inani eliphelele loketshezi olukhishwe yizinso. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile, kubalulekile ukucubungula wonke amapharamitha omchamo owatholile. MRI ngesinye isikhathi iyadingeka.
Ekuxilongeni okuhlukile, kubalulekile ukungafaki imibandela elandelayo ye-pathological:
- I-Adrenogenital syndrome;
- I-Hypoaldosteronism;
- I-Pyloric stenosis;
- I-Hypokalemia;
- I-Hyperkalemia
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwezinso ngesifo sikashukela kuhloswe ngakho ukuqeda imbangela ebangela inani elandayo le-sodium, potassium kanye ne-glucose kumchamo. Isici esiyindlalifa asikwazi ukwelashwa, ngakho-ke inhloso eyinhloko yabodokotela ukuqinisa isimo sesiguli nokwakha uhlobo oluzayo oluvumela isiguli ukuba sizwe kahle.
Ukwehla okukhulu komchamo kungahle kudalwe ushukela wegazi ophakeme.. Udokotela oholayo uzotshela isiguli ukuthi isifo sikashukela siyithinta kanjani izinso, kungaba yini imiphumela emibi nezinkinga uma ungayinaki impilo yakho.
Kubalulekile ukuzinzisa zonke izinkomba zesiguli, bese uqhubeka nokwelashwa kokulimala kwe-endocrine.
Ama-Nuances abalulekile
Imvamisa, iziguli zihlala zibekelwa ukudla okwamaviki amabili kuya kwayi-4 nemikhawulo yemikhiqizo emnandi nefulawa. Izithelo eziphakeme kuma-carbohydrate, ezinye okusanhlamvu, pasta, nezitsha ezinamafutha amaningi ziwela ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathologies yesistimu ye-endocrine, kungabekwa okulandelayo:
- Kusho ukwehlisa izinga loshukela kwifomu lethebhulethi;
- Izidakamizwa ezithatha indawo ye-insulin
- Ama-Vitamin complexes;
- Kusho ukulungiswa kwesibindi, izinso namanyikwe.
Ukuvikela ukwehluleka kwezinso kushukela futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga, imikhiqizo elandelayo yemithi ingabhekelwa iziguli:
- Ama-antibacterial agents;
- Ama-Corticosteroids kumithamo ehlukahlukene;
- Ama-Cytostatics;
- Amalungiselelo wokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi kuma-nephrons ezinso.
Mayelana nezinkinga
Umbuzo wokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma izinso zigula ngesifo sikashukela kufanelekile kwabaningi. Kodwa-ke, akuyona inkambiso ukukhuluma ngezinkinga ngokumelene nesizinda se-glucosuria yesifo sikashukela.
Izinkinga zokuqashelwa:
- Ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka;
- Ukwehluleka okusheshayo kwezinso kushukela;
- I-ketoacidosis;
- Isifo sikashukela sikashukela.
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izinkinga ezinkulu: ubungozi bokukhula kwe-gestosis yokuqala, ukukhipha i-fetus kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhula, ukukhipha isisu ngokuzimele, i-polyhydramnios, usayizi omkhulu kakhulu we-fetus, ukuzalwa kabuhlungu.
