Ema-5-6% abesifazane baphathe ingane, amazinga e-serum glucose akhuphuka ngokumelene nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lomzimba. Uma lesi sifo singalawulwa, khona-ke umama okhulelwe angathola uhlobo lwesibili noma lokuqala lwe-endocrinological pathology.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isilinganiso sikashukela wegazi kushukela wokukhulelwa futhi ungavumeli ukuphambuka okuncane.
Yini ubungozi be-GDM kowesifazane okhulelwe kanye no-fetus?
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kombungu, ama-hormone asebenza njengabaphikisi bento ye-insulin ayenziwa emzimbeni. Basiza ukwanelisa iplasma nge-glucose, engenayo i-insulin eyanele yokunciphisa amandla.
Odokotela babiza lesi sifo sikashukela sokuphefumula. Ngemuva kokubeletha, i-pathology ezimweni eziningi iyabuya. Kodwa, ngaphandle kwalokhu, owesifazane osesimweni sokukhulelwa udinga ukulawula inani loshukela ku-serum.
Isifo sikashukela sokutholwa komzimba yisifo sokuphazamiseka kwemvelo esithinta kabi impilo yowesifazane nengane yakhe. Kepha ngokunxeshezelwa okujwayelekile, owesifazane okhulelwe angabekezelela kalula futhi azale umntwana.
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-GDM ingaholela emiphumeleni emibi emingi enganeni:
- ukufa kwe-fetus ku-utero noma ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa eziyisikhombisa emva kokuzalwa;
- ukuzalwa kwengane ene-malformations;
- ukuvela kwengane enkulu enezinkinga ezahlukahlukene (ukulimala kwemilenze, ugebhezi ngesikhathi sokubeletha);
- ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela esikhathini esizayo esiseduze;
- ingozi enkulu yezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Kumama, i-GDM iyingozi kanjena:
- i-polyhydramnios;
- ubungozi be-GDM kwisifo sikashukela sefomu lesibili;
- ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwe-intrauterine;
- ubunzima bokukhulelwa (umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-preeclampia, i-edematous syndrome, i-eclampsia);
- ukwehluleka kwezinso.
Ushukela wegazi kushukela wokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Kwabesifazane abasezikhundleni, izinga le-glucose ntho lihlukile kokujwayelekile okwamukelwa. Izinkomba ezifanele zithathwa njengezi-4,6 mmol / L ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni, kuze kufike ku-6.9 mmol / L ngemuva kwehora kuze kufike ku-6.2 mmol / L amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla isixazululo se-carbohydrate.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwabanesifo sikashukela ngesimo sokuthokomala salesi sifo, isimo esikuleli zinga:
- kuze kufike ku-5.3 mmol / l ngemuva kwamahora angama-8-12 ngemuva kwesidlo;
- kuze kube yimizuzu eyi-7.7 60 ngemuva kokudla;
- Kufika ku-6.7 emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokudla.
Izinga le-glycosylated hemoglobin akufanele libe ngaphezulu kuka-6.5%. Nge-GDM, owesifazane okhulelwe angaba noshukela kumchamo aze afike ku-1.7 mmol / L.
Kepha ngemuva kokulethwa, le nkomba ijwayelekile futhi ilingana no-zero.
Kungani izinkomba zesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ziphambuka kokujwayelekile?
Izinga le-glycemia ku-GDM ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lingaphambuka liye phezulu noma phansi kokujwayelekile.
Uma inkomba iphansi, khona-ke owesifazane uba nezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia, futhi uma ephezulu, i-hyperglycemia. Zombili lezi zimo ziyingozi kwi-umbungu nakumama okhulelwe.
Izizathu zokushintsha ushukela we-serum ziningi: zingokomzimba nangokomzimba. Kwesinye isikhathi izinto ezimbalwa ziholela ekwenyukeni (ukuncipha) koshukela we-plasma.
Ushukela ophakeme
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-pancreas kuwumthwalo owengeziwe. Lapho umzimba uphelelwa amandla okukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele, khona-ke ushukela uyanda. Imvamisa, amazinga eglucose aqala ukukhuphuka engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa.
Lokhu kungenxa yoshintsho ekusebenzeni kwezinso: isibeletho esikhula ngosayizi sicindezela izitho zomchamo futhi sicasule izehlakalo ezimile. I-glucose ikhishwa ngezinga elincane yizinso futhi iqoqeka egazini. Lokhu kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hyperglycemia.
Phakathi kwezinye izizathu zokwedlula isilinganiselo soshukela ku-GDM yile:
- i-pancreatic pathology (i-pancreatitis yenkambo engapheli noma eyingozi);
- ifa elibi (ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela emlandweni womndeni kukhulisa ubungozi be-hyperglycemia kowesifazane okhulelwe ngo-50%);
- i-dyskinesia ye-gallbladder, amatshe esitho (akha umthwalo kumanyikwe);
- Ukudla ukudla kwe-carbohydrate;
- ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile ekhulisa ushukela we-serum;
- hhayi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela.
Ushukela ophansi
Imbangela ejwayelekile yoshukela omncane wegazi kubhekwa umsebenzi we-pancreatic ngokweqile. Kulesi simo, kukhiqizwa ama-insulin amahomoni amaningi kunesidingo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ushukela usheshe futhi udonswe ngokuphelele.
Izimbangela ze-glycemia ephansi yile:
- ukuba khona kwesimila esibi noma esingabonakali se-pancreas;
- i-low-carb, ukudla okungalingani;
- ukuzila ukudla;
- ukudla ngokungafanele;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithamo emikhulu yemithi enciphisa ushukela;
- ukusetshenziswa koswidi;
- isilonda sesisu;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ethinta ukusebenza kwamanyikwe;
- ezemidlalo ezisebenzayo (ikakhulukazi ezihlanganiswa nokudla kokunciphisa umzimba);
- ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamaswidi isikhathi eside (umlutha, kuvuselela ama-pancreas ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu le-insulin hormone).
Ukuqapha ushukela wegazi nge-glucometer ekhaya
Abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-GDM bayelulekwa ukuthi bathenge imitha ekhethekile kashukela egazini ukuze bazihlole ngokwabo amazinga kashukela. Lokhu kusebenziseka kalula.
Amamodeli we-elekhtronikhi anembile futhi awathathi isikhathi esiningi wokuhlola. Imvamisa yokuhlaziywa kuvunyelwana nodokotela ohambelayo.
Nge-GDM, ushukela kufanele uhlolwe okungenani kabili ngosuku, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesibili sokukhulelwa. Uma i-glycemia ingazinzile, i-endocrinologists yeluleka ukuhlolwa ekuseni, ngaphambi kokulala, ngaphambi nangemuva kokudla.
Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa izosiza ekuqondeni ukuthi yiziphi izindlela owesifazane okhulelwe okufanele azithathe. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kubonise inani elingezansi kwelejwayelekile, kuyanconywa ukuphuza i-compote noma itiye elimnandi.
Uma i-glucose idlula inani elifanelekile, khona-ke kufanele uthathe isidakamizwa esinciphisa ushukela, ucabangele kabusha indlela yakho yokuphila, ukudla.
I-Algorithm yokwenza isivivinyo sokuhlushwa ushukela ngemitha kashukela egazini:
- geza izandla ngensipho yokuwasha. Yenza ukubulala amagciwane ngomkhiqizo oqukethe utshwala;
- fudumeza iminwe yakho, thambisa izandla zakho ukuze uthuthukise ukuhamba kwegazi;
- vula imitha;
- setha umucu wokuhlola, faka ikhodi;
- yenza ukubhoboza emunweni ngesikhafu;
- donsa amaconsi ambalwa egazi emseleni ukuze uvivinywe;
- linda ulwazi luvele esikrinini.
Uma usola umphumela weglucose yamanga, kufanele uhlolwe kabusha. Amamitha kashukela egazi ekhaya kwesinye isikhathi anokunemba okuphezulu. Kulokhu, udinga ukubalinganisa noma ukubheka ukuthi imivimbo yokuvivinya iyafaneleka yini.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kule vidiyo:
Ngakho-ke, ngokwazi izinga likashukela wegazi ku-GDM, owesifazane okhulelwe angalawula isimo sakhe futhi agweme ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela ngemuva kokubeletha nezinkinga zesifo sikashukela.
Ukulawula, kufanele uvakashele elebhu ngezikhathi ezithile futhi unikele ngengxenye yegazi elivela emithanjeni (umunwe) ukuze lihlaziywe. Ukuhlola kulula ukwenzeka ekhaya nge-glucometer kagesi.
