Ukuchama kaningi kungahle kusuka ekuphuzeni uketshezi oluningi ngosuku olushisayo, futhi kungakhombisa i-polyuria, uphawu lomsebenzi obucayi wokulimala we-renal.
Yini le I-Polyuria ingukudla ngokweqile kokukhishwa komchamo okuvumelekile ngosuku.
Kulesi simo, umthamo wansuku zonke womchamo ungaphezu kwamalitha amathathu, kanti umuntu ophile kahle akashiyi amalitha angaphezu kuka-1-1,5.
Umqondo ojwayelekile wokuphazamiseka
Kuwo wonke uketshezi olungena emzimbeni, okwesine kuphuma inqubo yokuphefumula, ukujuluka nangaphakathi kwamathumbu, kuthi okunye kusetshenzwe yizinso.
Ngenqubo yokuhlunga kwe-glomerular, bese kufayiliswa ohlelweni lweshubhu lezinso, zonke izakhamzimba zidonswa egazini, bese izinsalela zithunyelwa emgodleni. Uma ukuvuselelwa kwamanzi kuphazamisekile, khona-ke inani lomchamo liyakhuphuka.
Umzimba ulawula ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi kwe-tubules ngokwandisa noma ukwehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ye-antidiuretic. Uma kwenzeka kulahlekelwe kakhulu uketshezi, i-hormone iyaphazamisa ukumuncwa futhi umchamo ubekelwe okuncane, kepha ukwanda okukhulu.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba:
- isifo sohudo isikhathi eside noma ukugabha;
- umkhuhlane ophakeme;
- ukukhuphuka izithukuthuku ngosuku olushisayo;
- ukuthatha okokuhlanza;
- ukubonakala kwe-edema enzima.
Uma uketshezi oluningi lungena emzimbeni, khona-ke ukukhiqizwa kwama-antidiuretic hormone kuyancipha, ukuqina kwezindonga zama-tubules kukhuphuka, ngokulandelana, inani elikhulu lomchamo ophansi kakhulu. Uma inqubo yokuzithiba yephulwa, lapho-ke inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwe-polyuria ifakiwe.
Izimbangela zesifo
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, inhlanganisela yokoma okhuphuka ngokuchama kaningi ibhekwa, kuhambisana nokukhishwa komchamo omkhulu. Lesi sifo senzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal.
Kungani polyuria ingakhula? Ukuchama okusheshayo kungenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithathelanayo, inhlekelele noma ukukhulelwa, futhi lesi simo sibizwa nge- polyuria yesikhashana noma yesikhashana. I-polyuria engapheli iba ngumphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.
Izizathu ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology zingaba ngokomzimba nangokwezifo.
Izici zePathological zifaka:
- ukwakheka kwe-cystic ezinso;
- i-pyelonephritis;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso;
- isifo se-barter;
- urolithiasis;
- i-hydronephrosis;
- i-pathology yesistimu yezinzwa;
- isimila esidabukisayo esigaxeni;
- ukuvuvukala kwesibindi
- i-diverticulitis;
- ukuvuvukala kwesinye;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- i-myeloma.
Izizathu zokuphila zibandakanya:
- i-hypothermia;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwemikhiqizo equkethe ushukela;
- ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi;
- ukuthatha okokuhlobisa.
Isici esine-polyuria yokuchama kaningi ebusuku.
Uhambo lwasebusuku lokuya endlini yangasese abesifazane nabesilisa lungenzeka ngenxa yalezo zinto:
- i-amyloid nephrosis yesibili;
- i-acute pyelonephritis;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukukhulelwa sekwedlule isikhathi kanye ne-pyelonephritis engapheli kwabesifazane abakhulelwe;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
I-Etiology yesifo
Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwe-pathology, yiqiniso, ukuvakashela njalo endlini yangasese ngokukhishwa komchamo omkhulu.
Lokhu kwehluka nge-polyuria cystitis, nayo ebonakala ngokuchama kaningi.
Kuphela nge-cystitis, izingxenye zomchamo ezikhishwe azinakwa, futhi isifiso sokuya ngasendlini uqobo sivame ukungamanga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezo zimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla zingabonakala:
- ukuncishiswa kwengcindezi;
- umlomo owomile nokoma okhuphukayo;
- ushintsho ekushweni kwenhliziyo;
- isikhumba esomile esiqhekekile nolwelwesi lwamafinyila;
- isiyezi nokuqhekeka;
- kumnyama emehlweni.
I-Polyuria ngokumelene nesizinda se-pathologies yohlelo lwe-endocrine ingadala izimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla;
- ukubonakala kwezimila ebusweni nase esifubeni kwabesifazane;
- ukukhuluphala
Uma i-pathology ibangelwa yisifo sezinso, khona-ke kuvela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala kanye ne-migraine;
- isifo sohudo nokuhlanza ekuseni;
- izinhlungu zenhliziyo nokukhubazeka;
- ubuhlungu obuphansi emuva bufinyelela esifundeni se-inguinal;
- Ubuhlungu bethambo nokuvuvukala kobuso;
- ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
- ukusika izinhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama;
- ukwanda kwengcindezi;
- ukungakwazi ukuhamba komchamo.
Kwezinye izifo ezihambisana ne-polyuria, umzimba ulahlekelwa izakhi eziningi ngomchamo.
Umchamo ogxilisiwe udotshwa ku-pathologies enjalo:
- isimila se-adrenal cortex;
- i-sarcoidosis;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- i-myeloma;
- I-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome;
- i-acomegaly;
- i-thyrotooticosis.
Umchamo okhanyiswe okuphakathi nendawo ene-polyuria ubonakala ezimweni ezinjalo:
- isifo sikashukela sezinso;
- umlutha wotshwala;
- ukushoda kwe-potassium;
- ubunzima be-hypertensive;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso;
- ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo;
- ukomela okwandisiwe okuphikisana nesizinda sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- tachycardia.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga
Ukuxilongwa kuqala ngokuqoqa imininingwane mayelana nezikhalazo nemikhuba yesiguli, ngezifo zakhe zangesikhathi esidlule nezihambisana naso. Impela, ngokusho kwemininingwane enjalo, umuntu angacabanga isizathu sokunyuka kwenani lokuchithwa komchamo.
Isibonelo, uma isiguli sikhuluphele futhi sinegazi kakhulu, khona-ke isifo sikashukela singaba imbangela ye-polyuria. Futhi uma isiguli sinikezwe ukumfakelwa okufakayo, lapho-ke mhlawumbe isizathu silele kokweqile koketshezi nosawoti okutholwe kulabo abelahla.
Izifundo zaselebhu kanye nezinsizakalo nazo ziyalelwa:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi lamahomoni, ushukela;
- ukutadisha ukwakheka kwegazi nezinga lokujiya;
- urinalysis;
- i-urography;
- I-X-ray yezicubu zamathambo, izindlala ze-adrenal nesihlalo saseTurkey;
- cystoscopy
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultra gland yegland, izinso nezitho zesisu;
- ukuhlolwa kwemithambo;
- I-MRI
- i-compact tomography;
- i-biopsy yezinso.
Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu okufundisayo ekutholakaleni i-polyuria kuyisampula somchamo ngokusho kweZimnitsky nesampula ngokumelene nesizinda sokuphelelwa ngamandla.
Ukuhlolwa kweZimnitsky kukuvumela ukuthi uthole inani lomchamo owenziwe ngosuku kanye ngasikhathi. Kulokhu, ingxenye ngayinye yomchamo ilinganiselwa ngevolumu namandla athile adonsela phansi. Uma inani eliphelele alidluli okuvumelekile, khona-ke ukuxilongwa akuqinisekisiwe.
I-Urinalysis ngokusho kweZimnitsky
Isampula ebhekene nesizinda sokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni isiza ukuhlola inani lamahomoni akhiqizwayo we-antidiuretic kanye nezinga lokuchama komchamo.
Emahoreni ambalwa, imvamisa amahora angama-4, kepha kungaba isikhathi eside, isiguli asivunyelwe ukuphuza noma yiluphi uketshezi. Ngalesi sikhathi, umchamo wakhe uhlolwa njalo ngehora ukuthola i-osmolarity (okuhlushwa), kuze kube izingxenye ezintathu zomchamo othathwe zilandelana, inkomba ngeke ibe ngaphezulu kuka-30 mosm / kg.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isiguli siyasindwa: kusukela ekuqaleni kocwaningo kuya kumasampula wokugcina, isiguli kumele sehlise isisindo okungenani ngo-5%. Kamuva, isiguli sinikezwa into equkethe i-hormone ye-antidiuretic, kuthi ezinye izingxenye ezintathu zomchamo othathwe ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, imizuzu engama-60 namahora amabili kuyahlolwa.
Ngesikhathi sokufunda, kuthathwa amasampula egazi amathathu: ngaphambi kwesampula, ngemuva kwayo futhi ngokushesha emva kokuphathwa kwento nge-hormone. Igazi lilinganiswa nge-osmolarity futhi liqhathaniswa nomchamo. Ngokusekelwe kwimiphumela yokuqhathanisa, isizathu esidale ukuthi ukukhula kwe-polyuria kunqunywe.
Izindlela zokwelapha
IPolyuria ayisona isifo esizimele. Lokhu kumane kuwuphawu lwenye i-pathology, futhi kuzonyamalala ngokushesha lapho imbangela yokubonakala kwayo yelashwa.
Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa ezinqunyiwe, ushintsho ekudleni luyanconywa:
- kungafaki isoda notshwala;
- ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunosawoti, okubabayo nokuthosiwe;
- ukunciphisa kakhulu inani lamantongomane nezinongo;
- Ukudla okusemathinini, itiye elinamandla nekhofi kufanele futhi kubonakale etafuleni kancane ngangokunokwenzeka;
- uma kuvela i-polyuria ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela, khona-ke amafutha, amaswidi, namakhekhe nezitsha ezinama-carbohydrate asheshe akhishwe ekudleni.
Ngemuva kokuvumelana nodokotela, njengezinyathelo ezengeziwe, ungaphendukela ezindleleni zokwelapha zendabuko.
Indlela enhle yokufunda ukuthi ungayilawula kanjani inqubo yokuchama komchamo isethi yokuzivocavoca ukuze uqinise izicubu zomzimba omncane we-pelvis, okubizwa ngokuthi yiKegel Exercise. Ukudidiyela okunjalo kuzosiza ukunciphisa imvamisa yokuchama nokubhekana nokuchama okungahleliwe.
Izinto zevidiyo ezisesiswini esisebenza ngokweqile:
Imithi
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kunqunywa ngokuya ngesifo esidale ukwanda kokuchama.
- i-polyuria evela ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela iqedwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela noma ukwelashwa kwe-insulin;
- nge-insipidus yesifo sikashukela, kunconywa ukuthatha i-thiazide diuretics evimbela ukumbiwa kwezinto eziwusizo ngomchamo;
- ama-diuretics afanayo ngokuhlanganiswa nama-glycosides enhliziyo abekelwe izifo zenhliziyo;
- phambi kwamathumba, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyakhonjiswa;
- izidakamizwa ze-hormonal zinqunyelwe ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine;
- uma isimo se-pathological sibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, khona-ke kuzodingeka ukwelulekwa ngochwepheshe ochwepheshe.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukubuyiselwa kwe-acid-base nokulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni kuyadingeka, kanye nokuphinda kufakwe ama-electrolyte alahlekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudonswa ama-droppers nge-saline, i-calcium chloride ne-potassium chloride, kuthathwa amalungiselelo aqukethe i-potassium ne-calcium, futhi kungeniswe nokudla okune-mineral (isipinashi, ushizi, imikhiqizo yobisi, i-legumes, amantongomane, i-buckwheat) ekudleni.
Zokupheka zemithi yendabuko
Ukwelashwa kwezifo zezinso, ungazama ukusebenzisa izindlela ezifakazelwe zomuthi ohlukile.
Ubilise 250 ml wamanzi bese uthele 1 tbsp. l tshala imbewu. Ikota yehora ukuvikela nokuhlunga. Ngaphambi kwesidlo sasekuseni, isidlo sasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa, phuza i-spoonful enkulu yomhluzi.
Ngale ndlela, ukumiliselwa kwembewu ye-anise kwenziwa, kuphela ama-10 g wembewu athathwa engilazini yamanzi. Thatha i-decoction okungenani izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku ezingama-50 ml ngamaviki ama-4.
Izici zenkambo ezinganeni
Ukuchama okusheshayo kungabonakala ebuntwaneni. Ingane imvama ukugijimela ethoyilethi ingasasebenzi noma izame ukuheha ukunakwa. Kepha uma ubusuku buhamba ngezinyawo ngokuya ngesidingo buba kaningi futhi buhambisana nokoma okwandayo, ingane idinga ukuhlolwa ngokuphelele ukuze ingabandakanyi izifo ezingathi sína.
Ngokuyinhloko, i-polyuria yenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezilandelayo:
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- I-T Toney syndrome - uDebre - Fanconi;
- Isifo sikaCohn;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- inani elikhulu loketshezi oludakayo;
- inhliziyo ne-renal pathologies.
Uma i-pathology ayimiswa ngesikhathi, khona-ke umzimba ungalahlekelwa umkhawulo we-fluid ovumelekile futhi ukuphuma komzimba okukhulu kuzokwenzeka. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwakheka nobuningi bokushintshwa kwegazi, ukujikeleza kwayo kuyaphazamiseka, futhi izitho ziqala ukuzwa indlala komoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuholela ekulimaleni okukhulu enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni, ekugcineni okungaholela ekufeni.
