Iyiphi ingozi yokubekelwa phansi kwe-glucose engasebenzi kahle?

Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi i-pathology isivele yathuthuka emzimbeni, futhi umuntu akakaze akusole lokhu. Ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose engasebenzi kahle kunjalo nje.

Isiguli asizizwa sigula, asizwa zimpawu, kodwa sesivele siguliswa ukugula okungathi sína njengesifo sikashukela. Yini le?

Izimbangela zesifo

I-NTG (ukubekezelela ushukela) okhubazekile inekhodi yayo ye-ICD 10 - R 73.0, kepha akusona isifo esizimele. I-pathology enjalo umlingani ojwayelekile wokukhuluphala kanye nolunye lwezimpawu ze-metabolic syndrome. Ukwephulwa kukhulunywa ngokushintsha kwenani likashukela kwiplasma yegazi, edlula amanani avumelekile, kepha kuze kube manje ayifinyeleli e-hyperglycemia.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinqubo zokufaka i-glucose kumaseli wezitho ngenxa yokungakwazi okwanele kwama-cell receptors e-insulin.

Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi i-prediabetes futhi, uma singalashwa, umuntu one-NTG kungekudala uzobhekana nokuxilongwa uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela.

Ukwephulwa kwempahla kutholakala kunoma yimuphi unyaka, ngisho nasezinganeni nasezigulini eziningi, kuyaqoshwa amadigri ahlukahlukene wokukhuluphala. Isisindo esengeziwe sivame ukuhambisana nokuncipha kokuzwela kwamandla kwama-cell receptors kuma-insulin.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezilandelayo zingavusa i-NTG:

1. Ukuzivocavoca okuphansi. Indlela yokuphila engagudluki nokuhlanganiswa nokukhuluphala kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokujikeleza kwegazi, okuthi futhi, kubangele izinkinga ngenhliziyo kanye nesistimu yemithambo yegazi, futhi kuthinte nomzimba we-carbohydrate metabolism.
2. Ukwelashwa kweHormonal. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo ziholela ekunciphiseni kwempendulo yamaselula kwi-insulin.
3. Isakhi sofuzo. Uhlobo oluguquliwe luthinta ukuzwela kwama-receptors noma ukusebenza kwehormone. Uhlobo olunjalo luzuzwa njengefa, lokhu kuchaza ukutholwa kokungabekezelelani kwengqondo ebuntwaneni. Ngakho-ke, uma abazali benenkinga nge-carbohydrate metabolism, khona-ke ingane nayo inobungozi obukhulu bokukhulisa i-NTG.

Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe igazi ukuze libekezeleleke ezimweni ezinjalo:

• ukukhulelwa nge-fetus enkulu;
• ukuzalwa kwengane enkulu noma esanda kuzalwa ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini;
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukuthatha okokuhlanza;
• i-pathology ye-pancreas;
• amazinga aphansi we-plasma we-lipoprotein;
• ukuba khona kweCushing's syndrome;
• abantu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45-50;
• ama-triglycerides aphezulu;
• ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia.

Izimpawu ze-pathology

Ukuxilongwa kwe-pathology kunzima ngenxa yokungabikho kwezimpawu eziphawuliwe. I-NTG ivame ukutholwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi kuhlolwa esinye isifo.

Kwezinye izimo, lapho isimo se-pathological sithuthuka, iziguli zinaka ukubonakaliswa okunjalo:

• isifiso sokudla sikhuphuka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusuku;
• kukhona ukoma okuqinile futhi komile emlonyeni;
• imvamisa nenani lokuchama liyanda;
• ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kwenzeka;
• nesiyezi ngemuva kokudla, izinga lokushisa liyenyuka;
• umthamo wokusebenza wehla ngenxa yokukhathala okwandayo, buthaka buzwakala;
• ukugaya kuyaphazamiseka.

Ngenxa yokuthi iziguli azinaka izimpawu ezinje futhi ashesha ukubona udokotela, amandla okulungisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine ezigabeni zokuqala ancishiswa kakhulu. Kepha amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela esingalapheki, kunalokho, kuyanda.

Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, i-pathology iyaqhubeka ukuthuthuka. I-glucose, inqwabelana ku-plasma, iqala ukuthinta ukwakheka kwegazi, ikhuphula ukuzwakala kwayo.

Ngasikhathi sinye, njengomphumela wokusebenzelana koshukela ngezakhi zegazi, nobuningi bawo buyashintsha. Lokhu kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokujikeleza kwegazi, ngenxa yalokho okuvela kuzo izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism akudluli ngaphandle kokulandela umkhondo wezinye izinhlelo zomzimba. Izinso, isibindi, izitho zokugaya kulimele. Yebo, ukwephulwa kokugcina okungalawulwa kokukhuthazelela i-glucose yisifo sikashukela.

Izindlela Zokuxilonga

Uma i-NTG isolwa, isiguli sidluliselwa ukuze sibonane nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist. Uchwepheshe uqoqa imininingwane ngempilo yesiguli nemikhuba yakhe, ucacisa izikhalazo, ukuba khona kwezifo ezihambisanayo, kanye namacala wokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine phakathi kwezihlobo.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuzoba ukuqokwa kwabahlaziyi:

• i-biochemistry yegazi;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile komtholampilo;
• i-urinalysis ye-uric acid, ushukela ne-cholesterol.

Isivivinyo esikhulu sokuxilonga ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela.

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, inani lemibandela kumele ihlangatshezwe:

• isidlo sokugcina ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi kufanele kube amahora angama-8-10 ngaphambi kokufunda;
• ukucindezelwa kwemizwa kanye nangokomzimba kufanele kugwenywe;
• ungabuphuzi utshwala izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa;
• akumele ubheme ngosuku lokufunda;
• awukwazi ukunikela ngegazi ngegciwane kanye nokubanda noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kamuva nje.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• isampula yegazi yokuhlolwa ithathwa esiswini esingenalutho;
• isiguli sinikezwa isisombululo se-glucose noma isiphuzo siphathwa ngaphakathi;
• ngemuva kwamahora we-1-1,5, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyaphindwa.

Ukwephulwa kuqinisekiswa izinkomba ezinjalo ze-glucose:

• igazi elithathwe esiswini esingenalutho - ngaphezu kwe-5.5 nangaphansi kuka-6 mmol / l;
• igazi lithathwe amahora angama-1.5 ngemuva kokuba umthwalo we-carbohydrate ungaphezu kuka-7.5 futhi ungaphansi kuka-11.2 mmol / L.

Ukwelashwa kwe-NTG

Yini okufanele uyenze uma i-NTG iqinisekisiwe?

Imvamisa, izincomo zomtholampilo zingokulandelayo:

• qapha njalo ushukela wegazi;
• qaphela izinkomba zokucindezela kwegazi;
• wandise ukusebenza komzimba;
• landela ukudla, ukuzuza ukunciphisa umzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa zingabekwa ezisiza ukunciphisa isifiso sokudla kanye nokusheshisa ukuwohloka kwamaseli wamafutha.

Ukubaluleka Kokudla Okufanele

Ukulandela imigomo yokudla okufanele kuyasiza ngisho nakumuntu ophile ngokuphelele, futhi esigulini esephula i-carbohydrate metabolism, ushintsho ekudleni luyiphuzu eliyinhloko lenkqubo yokwelashwa futhi ukudla kufanele kube yindlela yokuphila.

Imithetho yokudla imi ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Ukudla okuxubile. Udinga ukudla kaningi, okungenani izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku nangezingxenye ezincane. Isidlakela sokugcina kufanele kube amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokulala.
2. Phuza nsuku zonke kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-2 amalitha amanzi ahlanzekile. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa igazi, kunciphise ukuvuvukala futhi kusheshise imetabolism.
3. Imikhiqizo kafulawa yamasondo, kanye nama-dessert ukhilimu, amaswidi namaswidi akufakiwe ukusetshenziswa.
4. Khawulela umkhawulo wokudla imifino enesitashi nemimoya ephansi.
5. Khulisa inani lemifino ecebile ku-fiber. Izimila, imifino, nezithelo ezingafakwanga futhi kuvunyelwe.
6. Yehlisa ukudonsa kasawoti nezinongo ekudleni.
7. Ushukela uthathelwa indawo ngama-sweeteners wemvelo, uju luvunyelwe ngobuningi.
8. Gwema imenyu yezitsha nemikhiqizo ngamaphesenti amaningi wokuqukethwe kwamafutha.
9. Imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha aphansi kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi olunoshukela, inhlanzi nenyama engenamafutha iyavunyelwa.
10. Imikhiqizo yesinkwa kufanele yenziwe kusuka okusanhlamvu okugcwele noma i-rye kafulawa, noma ngokufakwa kwe-bran.
11. Kusuka ezinkomeni ukukhetha i-pearl ibhali, i-buckwheat, irayisi elinsundu.
12. Yehlisa ngokubabazekayo i-pasta ephezulu ye-carb, i-semolina, i-oatmeal, irayisi ehlutshiwe.

Gwema ukubulawa yindlala nokudla ngokweqile, kanye nokudla okunamakhalori aphansi. Ukudla okwenziwa amakhalori nsuku zonke kufanele kube ku-1600-2000 kcal, lapho ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi enza ama-50%, amafutha cishe angama-30% no-20% wemikhiqizo yamaprotheni. Uma kunesifo sezinso, khona-ke inani leproteyini liyancipha.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile lokwelapha umsebenzi womzimba. Ukuze wehlise isisindo, udinga ukuvusa ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamandla, ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuzosiza ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela.

Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kusheshisa izinqubo ze-metabolic, kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi, kuqinisa izindonga ze-vascular kanye nemisipha yenhliziyo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukukhula kwe-atherossteosis nesifo senhliziyo.

Ukugxila okuyinhloko kokuzivocavoca umzimba kufanele kube ukuzivocavoca kwe-aerobic. Baholela ekwandeni kwesilinganiso senhliziyo, ngenxa yalokho ukuwohloka kwamaseli wamafutha kusheshiswa.

Kubantu abahlushwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-pathologies yesistimu yethambo yethambo, amakilasi aqinile kakhulu afanelekile. Ukuhamba kancane, ukubhukuda, ukuzivocavoca okulula, okungukuthi, yonke into engaholeli ekucindezelweni okwandayo kanye nokubonakala kokufushane komoya noma ubuhlungu enhliziyweni.

Kubantu abaphilile, amakilasi adinga ukukhetha okukhulu kakhulu. Ukugijima, ukuqaqa intambo, ukuhamba ngebhayisekili, ukuhamba ngezinyawo noma ukushushuluza, ukudansa, imidlalo yeqembu kufanelekile. Iqoqo lokuzivocavoca umzimba kufanele lenziwe ngendlela yokuthi iningi lokuzivocavoca lifika ekuzivocavoca i-aerobic.

Isimo esikhulu ukuvelela kwamakilasi. Kungcono ukubeka eceleni imizuzu engama-30-60 nsuku zonke kwezemidlalo kunokukwenza amahora amabili noma amathathu kanye ngesonto.

Kubalulekile ukuqapha inhlala-kahle. Ukubonakala kwesiyezi, isicanucanu, izinhlungu, izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophezulu kufanele kube uphawu lokunciphisa ubukhulu bomthwalo.

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa

Uma kungekho imiphumela evela ekudleni nakwezemidlalo, kunconywa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.

Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zingabekwa:

• I-Glucophage - kwehlisa ukugcwala ushukela futhi kuvimbele ukumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate, kunikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa nokudla kokudla;
• I-Metformin - inciphisa isifiso sokudla noshukela, ivimbela ukumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin;
• I-Acarbose - amazinga aphansi kashukela;
• I-Siofor - ithinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin nokuhlushwa ushukela, ibambezela ukuwohloka kwamakhemikhali e-carbohydrate

Uma kunesidingo, izidakamizwa zibekelwa ukukhulisa umfutho wegazi nokubuyisela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela:

• vakashela udokotela lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala ze-pathology;
• thatha isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha;
• lapho kukhona i-polycystic ovary kanye nokutholakala kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela kufanele kwenziwe njalo;
• ungafaki utshwala nokubhema;
• bambelela emithethweni yokudla;
• yabela isikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo;
• qapha isisindo sakho, uma kunesidingo, hlukana namaphawundi angeziwe;
• ungazenzisi - yonke imithi kumele ithathwe kuphela njengoba iyalelwe udokotela.

Izinto zevidiyo eziphathelene ne-prediabetes nokuthi ungaselapha kanjani:

Izinguquko ezenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lokuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, ngokuqala kokwelashwa kanye nokuhambisana nayo yonke imiyalo kadokotela, inokulungiswa ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela yanda kakhulu.