Umzimba wowesifazane uthola i-hormonal ushintsha kaningi futhi ungaphansi kokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwe-endocrine. Ukwehla kwesimo esijwayelekile kwandisa ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela ngeminyaka engama-30. Uma i-pituitary gland ne-hypothalamus kuphazamiseka, kuba khona uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esingenalo ushukela. Ukuze unciphise amathuba ezinkinga, kubalulekile ukuthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi futhi ulandele izeluleko zezokwelashwa.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 zifaka:
- hyperpigmentation yesikhumba somzimba nesikhumba;
- ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic okuholela kokuvela kwesisindo somzimba ngokweqile;
- ukonakala kwamapuleti ezipikili nezinwele;
- ukubonakala kwezilonda, induna nokuqubuka kwesikhumba;
- ukungalingani kwe-hormonal okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokuya esikhathini;
- ukulamba okungapheli nokoma okungapheli ngisho nangemva kokudla ukudla;
- ukukhathala okungapheli, ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
- ukuvuselelwa kancane.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala soshukela kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 ukubukeka kwesisindo ngokweqile.
Izithombe zesimpawu ziyavela ngesikhathi esifushane. Uma owesimame ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30 enezimpawu eziningana zesifo sikashukela, kufanele abonane nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist futhi ahlolwe ngodokotela.
Emazingeni okuqala, izifo eziqhubekayo zingamiswa ngokulungiswa kokudla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela kufanele anikeze umuthi wokwelapha kanye ne-multivitamin tata.
Ushukela ophezulu wegazi njengesibonakaliso sokuqala
I-Hyperglycemia iyisici sikashukela. Inqubo ye-pathological ihambisana nokwenyuka okubukhali koshukela wegazi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla. Le nto ingenxa yokukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-insulin nokuncipha kokuzwela kwezicubu esenzweni se-hormone esenziwa amaseli we-beta wamanyikwe.
Inqubo ye-pathological ihambisana nokwenyuka okubukhali koshukela wegazi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla.
Kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-30 ubudala, amazinga eglucose aphezulu angabangelwa ushintsho lwama-hormone, kodwa ngemuva kokunqoba umkhawulo weminyaka, kubalulekile ukukhipha ubukhona besifo sikashukela kusetshenziswa izivivinyo zaselebhu.
Izimpawu ezibonisa iminyaka engama-30
Owesifazane walesi sigaba sobudala, isithombe somtholampilo senqubo ye-pathological ingahluka kwamanye amaqembu anobungozi. Ezimweni ezingama-75%, lesi sifo sikhula ngenxa yokukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-insulin ngamaseli e-pancreas. Kepha ukutholakala ngqo kwesifo sikashukela kuvinjelwa ukungabi bikho kwezici ezisengozini: ukukhulupha ngokweqile, umzimba onamafutha aphathekayo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ingcindezi
Izithombe zakudala ezihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate metabolism zihambisana namaconsi emfutho wegazi. Kwabesifazane beminyaka engama-30, ezimeni eziningi asikho isici sehypertension soshukela. Imisipha ebushelelezi ibangela ukuba imithambo ikhule, okubangela ukuba umfutho wegazi wehle.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme wehlela isidumbu sowesifazane kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-40-45, lapho i-endothelium yemithambo iba mncane futhi ihlangabezana nezinguquko ze-atherosclerotic. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umzimba womuntu ngamunye unezimpawu zakhe. Ngakho-ke, i-pathology ye-inhliziyo ikhula ngokuya ngempilo kanye nokuba khona kwezifo ezihlangene.
Izithombe zakudala ezihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate metabolism zihambisana namaconsi emfutho wegazi.
Isisindo somzimba
Kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-25 kuye kwengama-32 ubudala, isifo sikashukela siqala inqubo yokunciphisa umzimba. Okuhlukile ngabantu abanesimo sofuzo sokuhlakulela ukugcwala, bathambekele ekuphazanyisweni kwe-hormonal noma bahlushwa ukukhuluphala kwe-alimentary.
I-Anemia
Ukuphazamiseka komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kungavusa ukulahleka okukhulu kwegazi noma kubangele ukuphuma kwesibeletho izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga. Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba ulahlekelwa yigazi eliningi, ngenxa yokuthi kuzovela lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ubuthakathaka
- ukushuba kwamapuleti ezipikili, izihlukaniso zezinwele ezihlukanisiwe;
- indlala yesikhumba.
Amaphesenti angama-50 abesifazane athuthukisa i-anemia yokuntuleka kwe-iron. Lapho kudlula ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri, kwehla izinga le-hemoglobin nenani elanele lamaseli abomvu egazi. Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, odokotela batusa ukuguqula ukudla ngokungeza ukudla okune-iron ekudleni kwansuku zonke.
I-ketoacidotic coma
Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin banobungozi obukhulu be-ketoacidotic coma. Inqubo ye-pathological iba ngenxa yokukhuphuka kokuxineka kwe-plasma ye-acetone egazini. Ikhemikhali linomphumela omubi kumaseli wobuchopho, okuvusa ukubonakala kwezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ubuthakathaka, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba;
- amacala wokulahlekelwa ukwazi;
- iphunga le-acetone emoyeni ophelile;
- ukoma nokuqaqamba kwesikhumba;
- isifiso esingapheli sokuqeda ukoma.
Isimo se-pathological uma ungekho ukwelashwa okufanele singabulala. Imiphumela emibi ingagwenywa ngokuxilongwa ngokushesha kwesifo nemithi efanele. Ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela kugxile ekuxazululeni izimpawu. Ukuze uzinzise izinga le-glucose egazini, kusetshenziswa ukuphathwa kwe-insulin okungaqondakali.
Izinkinga
Uma eneminyaka engama-30 ubudala, ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism akuyeki, izinkinga zokuqala zikhula ngemuva kweminyaka engama-5-10. Imiphumela emibi ibonakala ngokuvela kwama-paresthesias ahlukahlukene (iziguli zilahlekelwa umuzwa we-tactile, ziyeke ukuphendula kubuhlungu). Kancane kancane, isimo siba sibi kakhulu, kuba nezinkinga ngesikhumba. Izicubu ze-Epidermal zithinteka ezifweni, i-acuity ebonakalayo iyancipha, kanti futhi nengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo iyanda.
Ukuqhubekela phambili kwezinkinga lapho esemncane kubangela ubunzima ekuqiniseni ushukela we-plasma kashukela. I-Hyperglycemia ibangela ukuqina kwamathambo kanye nokuvela kwama-cholesterol plaque odongeni lwegazi.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Njengomphumela wezinguquko ze-hormonal emzimbeni ku-II-III trimester yokukhulelwa emzimbeni wowesifazane, izikebhe zeLangerhans ziqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin ngokweqile.
Ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, abesifazane abakhulelwe banokoma okuqinile, okungalawulwa.
Umsebenzi we-pancreas kuhloswe ngawo ukuqeda i-hyperglycemia, icasulwe isenzo sama-hormone nokudla okuphezulu. Indlela yokuthinta ibonakala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuchama kaningi, i-polyuria;
- isisindo somzimba;
- ukoma okuqinile, okungalawuleki;
- ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca, ubuthakathaka;
- ukulahleka kwesifiso.
Ngabe isifo sikashukela sibonisa kanjani?
Isifo sikashukela sikashukela sakha siphikisana nesizinda somsebenzi ophazamisekile we-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland. Izimpawu eziphambili ze-pathology zifaka:
- i-polyuria - izinso zikhiqiza amalitha ama-6-15 omchamo ngosuku, obangelwa ukudonsa okukhulu koketshezi;
- i-polydipsia, ebonakala ngokubonakala komile ongagculisi;
- Ukwehla kwezinga lomchamo;
- isikhumba esomile;
- ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-sodium plasma;
- ukuncishiswa kwezindlala zesisu.
Isifo sikashukela sikhula ngokuqhamuka ngemuva kwe-pituitary gland.
Ungasithola kanjani isifo emzimbeni?
Uma umuntu wesifazane esengozini, kufanele aqaphe isimo somzimba ngokucophelela futhi abheke ukuba khona kwenqubo ye-pathological lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela. Ukunikelwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlaziya okujwayelekile lapho uneminyaka engama-30 ukuya ku-35 kukuvumela ukukhomba isifo ngesikhathi. Umphumela wokuhlolwa kwelebhu izosiza ukunquma amazinga aphezulu kashukela we-plasma. Kunconywa ukuthatha izivivinyo futhi uvakashele i-endocrinologist njalo ngenyanga.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umzimba wesifazane uthambekele kakhulu ekukhuliseni ushukela kunowesilisa. Lokhu kungenxa yesinye isakhiwo sohlelo lwe-endocrine, isimo saso esihlobene kakhulu nokuqina kwesizinda sehomoni. Ukuwohloka komsebenzi wokusebenza kwezindlala zangaphakathi kuqala ngemuva kweminyaka engama-37. Uma owesifazane etholile i-hyperglycemia ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi lesi sifo sibucayi kangakanani:
- amazinga amnene - ushukela adlula ama-8 mmol / l, abonakala ngenkambo ye-asymptomatic noma ukubukeka komile;
- ngokuqina okulinganiselayo, ushukela ukhuphukela ku-12 mmol / l futhi kubangele ukuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala ze-pathology;
- isifo sikashukela esinzima saziwa ngokufinyeleleka kwezinkomba kuze kufike ku-15-16 mmol / l, ukwehla komsebenzi wokusebenza kwezinso nokwenzeka kwe-retinopathy.
Kuhlobo 2 sikashukela mellitus, izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic kufanele zithathwe ukwandisa ukuthambekela kwezicubu kwe-insulin.
Kuhlobo 2 sikashukela mellitus, izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic kufanele zithathwe ukwandisa ukuthambekela kwezicubu kwe-insulin. Uma kwenzeka isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, amaseli we-pancreas azobhujiswa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi ahlolwe i-insulin.
Kungenzeka yini ukugwema ukubukeka nokukhula kwalesi sifo?
Ukunciphisa amathuba wenqubo ye-pathological, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amaqembu ayingozi:
- ukubekezelela ushukela okhubazekile, isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela;
- isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- omama ababelethe ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-4 kg;
- abantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile noma abacatshangelwe ukuthi bazuze isisindo;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, ukuba khona kwezifo ezikhona;
- isakhi sofuzo.
Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, kubalulekile ukwenza izindlela zokwelapha ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba. Isisindo kufanele sihlale singaphansi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulinganisela ekudleni kwakho nokuzivocavoca umzimba okungenani izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngesonto.
Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 ubudala badinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sangemuva se-hormonal, ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal kanye nokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi ungabeki umzimba ngaphansi kwengqondo nomzimba. Ukucindezela okwandayo kukhulisa amathuba okuthola ushukela ngo-40%, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Izimo eziqhubekayo zokucindezela, ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, noma ukungatheleleki kwezicubu ku-hormone kungaholela kwisifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Ukuze uzinze, udinga ukufaka i-insulin. Le ndlela yesifo sikashukela idlula yodwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, ngakho-ke akufuneki ukuthi iqhubeke nokwelashwa kwe-insulin ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane.
Inqubo ye-pathological ingenzeka kwabesifazane abane-menopause yokuqala. Izimpawu zokuqala zale nto zingabonakala ngemuva kweminyaka engama-36. Ngakho-ke, esimweni esinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuvakashela i-endocrinologist njalo ngenyanga.
