I-acetone iyi-solvent ye-organic ebamba isikhundla sokuqala ochungechungeni lwama-ketones. Leli gama livela ku- "aketon" waseJalimane.
Emzimbeni womuntu ngamunye, ukucubungula okuhlukahlukene kokudla okusebenzayo kusebenza ukukhipha ama-molecule e-ATP ukuze athole amandla. Uma i-acetone ikhona kumchamo wengane enesifo sikashukela, khona-ke umkhuba womjikelezo wamandla wephulwe.
Ukudla kweseli kungakhonjiswa kwifomula ephelele: imikhiqizo (ama-carbohydrate-fats-protein) - ama-molecule eglucose - adenosine triphosphoric acid, i.e. amandla (ngaphandle kwawo, iseli alikwazi ukusebenza). Ama-molecule we-glucose ongasetshenziswanga ahlelwe ngamaketanga. Ngakho-ke, i-glycogen yakhiwa esibindini, esetshenziswa ngumzimba womuntu ngokushoda kwamandla.
Ezinganeni, imvelo yokuqukethwe kwe-acetone esegazini idlulwa kaningi kakhulu kunabantu abadala. Iqiniso ngukuthi kwesibindi sengane kunezitolo ezimbalwa kakhulu ze-glycogen.
Ama-molecule we-glucose angakaze asetshenziswe “njengophethiloli” abuye abe ngama-acid acid namaprotheni. Noma kunjalo, izakhiwo zabo sezihlukile, azifani kwimikhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, ukwehlukaniswa kwezitoreji zomzimba kwenziwa ngokwesikimu esifanayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kwakhiwa ama-metabolites - ama-ketones.
Inqubo yokubonakala kwe-acetone egazini
I-acetone kumchamo ingumphumela wokuphendula kwe-biochemical glyconeogeneis, i.e. ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucose akuqhamuki ezintweni zokugaya, kepha kusuka ezitolo zamaphrotheni kanye namafutha.
Nakani! Okujwayelekile ukungabikho kwemizimba ye-ketone egazini.
Imisebenzi yeKetone iphela ezingeni lamaselula, i.e. bayaphela endaweni yokwakheka. Ukuba khona kwama-ketones emchini kuxwayisa umzimba womuntu mayelana nokuntuleka kwamandla futhi ezingeni lamaselula kunomuzwa wendlala.
I-Ketonemia
Lapho i-acetone ingena egazini, ingane iba ne-ketonemia. Ama-ketones ahamba ngokukhululeka emfudlaneni wegazi anomphumela onobuthi ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe sama-ketones, ukuvela injabulo, futhi ngokuxineka ngokweqile, ukucindezelwa kokuqwashisa kwenzeka, okungabangela i-coma.
I-Ketonuria
Lapho imvelo yama-ketones iba yinto ebucayi, i-ketonuria iyenzeka. UKetone utholakala umchamo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zazo emzimbeni womuntu. Zinezakhiwo ezifanayo, ngakho-ke, ekuhlaziyeni kukhombisa kuphela ubukhona be-acetone.
Izimbangela ze-acetone ephezulu ezinganeni
Izimbangela zokukhuphuka kwe-acetone yomchamo ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela ukushoda kwe-glucose ekudleni. Futhi, izici zilele ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu kwe-glucose, okucasulwa yizimo ezicindezelayo, ukucindezela kwengqondo nangokomzimba. Ukuhlinzwa, ukulimala kanye nokugula kuyasiza ekusetshenzisweni ngokushesha kweglucose.
Ukudla okungenakulinganiswa kungenye yezizathu zokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-acetone kumchamo. Ngokuyisisekelo, imenyu yezingane igcwele amaprotheni namafutha, futhi akulula ukuguqula ibe ushukela.
Ngenxa yalokhu, izakhamzimba ziba uhlobo lwamasimba, futhi, uma kunesidingo, inqubo ye-neoglucogeneis isiqaliwe.
Izimbangela ezinkulu zama-ketones egazini zilele kushukela. Ngalesi sifo, ukugcwala kwe-glucose kuphezulu kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokushoda kwe-insulin, akubonwa amaseli.
Acetonemia
Ngokuphathelene nokutholwa kwe-acetone ekuhlaziyweni kwezingane, uKomarovsky ugxile eqinisweni lokuthi izizathu zilele kokuphulwa kwe-uric acid metabolism. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-purine akhiwa egazini, ukungalingani ekuvinjelweni kwamafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate kwenzeka futhi uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi luba ngaphezulu.
Izici zesibili ngenxa yokuthi i-acetone itholakala kanjani kumchamo ezinganeni zifaka ezinye izinhlobo zezifo:
- Amazinyo
- i-endocrine;
- ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile;
- -theleleka
Imizimba yeKetone idedelwa egazini ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene: ukungondleki, ukusebenza ngokweqile, imizwa engemihle noma eyakhayo, noma ukuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni. Izimpawu ze-acetonemia zifaka ukukhula okunganele kwesibindi kwinqubo ye-glycogen kanye nokushoda kwama-enzyme asetshenziswa ukucubungula ama-ketones owakhiwe.
Kepha izinga le-acetone egazini lingakhuphuka kuyo yonke ingane eneminyaka eyi-1 kuye kwengu-13 ngenxa yesidingo sokunyakaza esedlula inani lamandla elitholile.
Ngendlela, i-acetone kumchamo nayo ingabonakala kumuntu omdala, futhi ngale ndaba sinezinto ezifanele, ezizokwazi ukufundela umfundi.
Kubalulekile! Emchameni ezinganeni, i-acetone ingatholakala, khona-ke izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-ketoacidosis ziyabonakala.
Izimpawu ze-acetone
Lapho kukhona i-acetonuria, kunezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- i-gagging ngemuva kokuphuza iziphuzo noma izitsha;
- iphunga lama-aphula abolile lizwakala lisuka emgodini womlomo;
- ukomisa (isikhumba esomile, ukuchama okungajwayelekile, ulimi oluhlanganisiwe, ukufiphaza izihlathi);
- colic.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-acetonemia
Lapho kuxilongwa, kusungulwa usayizi wesibindi. Uvivinyo lukhombisa ukwephuka kwamaprotheni, i-lipid ne-carbohydrate metabolism kanye nokwanda kwe-acidity. Kodwa indlela enkulu yokuthola ukuthi kukhona i-acetone emchameni nasegazini ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela ukufunda umchamo.
Nakani! Ukuqinisekisa ukutholwa ngokwakho, okubonisa ukuthi imvelo ye-acetone idluliwe, imichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola iyasetshenziswa.
Ngenkambiso yokwehla umchamo, isivivinyo sithola umbala opinki, futhi nge-ketonuria eqinile, umucu uthola i-brown hue.
Ukwelashwa
Ukuze ucishe i-acetone equkethwe umchamo kushukela, kufanele ugcobe umzimba nge-glucose efanele. Kwanele ukunika ingane ukuthi idle uhlobo oluthile lobumnandi.
Kungenzeka ukuhoxisa i-acetone futhi ungavukeli ukugabha ngosizo lwetiye elinoshukela, iziphuzo zezithelo noma i-compote. Isiphuzo esimnandi kufanele sinikezwe isipuni 1 njalo ngemizuzu emi-5.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-acetone ingasuswa uma unamathela ekudleni okususelwa kuma-carbohydrate akhanyayo:
- umhluzi wemifino;
- i-semolina porridge;
- amazambane abunjiwe;
- oatmeal nezinto.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhoxiswa kwe-acetone akusebenzi uma ingane idla okunezipayisi, okubhemayo, okunamafutha, ukudla okusheshayo namachilo. Nge-acetonemia, kubalulekile ukulandela imigomo efanele yokudla (uju, izithelo nokulondolozwa).
Futhi, ukususa izinhlayiya ze-ketone kushukela, ukuhlanza i-enemas kwenziwa. Futhi ezimweni ezinzima ikakhulukazi, i-acetone ingahoxiswa kuphela ezilungiselweni zesibhedlela.
