I-Tebantin yiqembu lezidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic. Inomphumela we-anticonvulsant. Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni isithuthwane, izimo ezihambelana nomqondo wokugula, kanye nezinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muthi futhi ususa ezinye izimpawu, ezinjengobuhlungu. Umuthi ubandakanyeka ezinqubweni ze-biochemical zomzimba. Imvamisa lokhu kusho ukuthuthukiswa kwenani elikhulu lemiphumela emibi.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
UGabapentin (ngesiLatini - uGabapentin).
I-Tebantin yiqembu lezidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic.
I-ATX
N03AX12 Gabapentin
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Umuthi ukhiqizwa ngesimo samaphilisi. Zinegobolondo le-gelatin, elibonakaliswa ngesakhiwo esiqinile, ngaphakathi liqukethe into enobuthi. Isakhiwo esikhulu esibonisa umsebenzi we-anticonvulsant yi-gabapentin. Imithamo yayo iyahlukahluka: I-100, 300 ne-400 mg (ku-1 capsule). Amakhompiyutha amancane angasebenzi:
- i-magnesium stearate;
- i-talc;
- isitashi pregelatinized;
- lactose monohydrate.
Iphakethe liqukethe amabhulashi ama-5. Inani eliphelele lamaphilisi lingahluka: ama-50 nama-100 ama-pcs.
Umuthi ukhiqizwa ngesimo samaphilisi.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Ukufana kwezakhiwo zalo muthi kanye ne-gamma-aminobutyric acid kuyaphawulwa. Isakhi esisebenzayo siguqulwa kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yinto ye-lipophilic. Ngaphandle kokufana, umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo awubandakanyeki ekubanjweni kwe-gamma-aminobutyric acid. Kukhona ukuntuleka kwethonya le-Tebantin ku-metabolism yale nto.
Isici sesenzo se-pharmacological somuthi yikhono lokuxhumana nokuzithoba kwe-alpha2-gamma kwama-calcium tubules, okufakazelwa izifundo zezifundo zokwelashwa. Ngaphansi kwethonya likaTebantin, ukunyakaza kokugeleza kwe-calcium ion kuvinjelwe. Umphumela wale nqubo ukwehla kwezinga lobuhlungu be-neuropathic.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umuthi uyasiza ukunciphisa ukufa kwama-neurons. Ngaphansi kwethonya lazo, ukuqina kokuqamba kwe-gamma-aminobutyric acid kuyanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kweTebantin, ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwama-neurotransmitters kweqembu le-monoamine kuyaphawulwa. Zonke lezi zinto zihambisana nokwehla kobunzima bobuhlungu be-neuropathic.
Inzuzo yesidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso ukungakwazi ukusebenzisana nama-receptors ezinye izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni isithuthwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko kaTebantin ukungabi khona kokuchayeka kuma-sodium tubules.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Lapho into eyinhloko ingena emgodini wokugaya ukudla, kuyaphawuleka isilinganiso sokumunca kakhulu. Uma umuthi usetshenziswa okokuqala, izinga lomsebenzi likhuphuka kancane futhi lifinyelela inani eliphakeme ngemuva kwamahora ama-3. Ngokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kwesidakamizwa, inani eliphakeme lekhompiyutha elisebenzayo lifinyelelwa ngokushesha - ngehora eli-1.
Ukususwa ngokuphelele kwengxenye esebenzayo emzimbeni (ikakhulukazi kusuka ku-plasma) kutholakala nge-hemodialysis.
Isici somuthi okukhulunywa ngaso ubudlelwano obuhlangene phakathi kwenani lezinto ezisebenzayo ezithathwa yisiguli kanye ne-bioavailability. Le nkomba incipha ngokunyuka komthamo womuthi. I-bioavailability ephelele yesidakamizwa ingama-60%.
Isakhiwo esikhulu esisebenzayo empeleni asihlanganisi namaprotheni e-plasma. Ukuqoqwa kwe-gabapentin ku-fluid ye-cerebrospinal ayidluli i-20% yezinga le-plasma. Isikhathi sokuqothula kwesakhiwo esikhulu ngamahora angama-5-7. Inani lalesi sikhombisi lilungisiwe futhi alincikile kumthamo wesidakamizwa.
Enye into ye-gabapentin ukugcotshwa kwe-excretion kungashintshiwe. Ukususwa ngokuphelele kwengxenye esebenzayo emzimbeni (ikakhulukazi kusuka ku-plasma) kutholakala nge-hemodialysis.
Isetshenziselwa ini?
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- izimo zokuphoxisa (ngokuhlangana okujwayelekile), okuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwemoto, ingqondo, ukuzikhubazeka;
- Ubuhlungu be-neuropathic ezigulini ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-18.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lapho kunqunywa umuthi wokuqeda izimpawu zokuthathwa, iminyaka yesiguli iyacatshangelwa. Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala nezingane ezineminyaka eyi-12 banconywa ukusebenzisa leli thuluzi bobabili nge-monotherapy, futhi njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho kudingekile ukuqeda izimpawu zesimo esivumayo ezigulini ezisukela eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwengu-12 ubudala, ukusetshenziswa kweTebantin kungenzeka kanye neminye imithi.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo uma kwenzeka kubuhlungu be-neuropathic ezigulini ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-18.
Contraindication
Izimo ze-pathological zihlukaniswa lapho umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo ungabekiwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ukusabela komuntu ngamunye lapho isakhi esiyinhloko singena emzimbeni;
- i-pancreatitis esigabeni esibuhlungu;
- ukungahambi kahle kwe-lactose, ukuntuleka kwe-lactase, i-malabsorption ye-glucose-galactose, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-lactose kusidakamizwa.
Ngokunakekela
Iziguli ezinokwehluleka kwezinso zidinga ukulungiswa komthamo wekhompiyutha esebenzayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi nge-pathology enjalo, ukumbiwa kwento esemqoka kwehliswe kakhulu, kungaba amahora angama-52.
Isimo se-pathological lapho umuthi okukhulunywa ngaso ungabekiwe yi-pancreatitis esigabeni esibuhlungu.
Ungamthatha kanjani uTebantin?
Ukudla akuphazamisi ukumuncwa kanye nomsebenzi womuthi. Amakhandlela akufanele ahlafunwe, ngoba, lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi imiphumela kaTebantin inyuke.
Ukuqhekeka okuncane phakathi kwemithamo yomuthi kungamahora ayi-12. Imiyalo esetshenziswa ezimeni ezahlukahlukene ze-pathological:
- Ukuncipha okuyingxenye. Umthamo kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ngu-900-1200 mg ngosuku. Qala inkambo yokwelashwa ngenani elincane (300 mg). Izingane ezineminyaka emithathu kuya kwengu-12 zinqunywe umuthi, kucatshangelwa isisindo somzimba. Inani elanele lomuthi lithathwa njengobubanzi be-25-35 mg / ngosuku. Kulokhu, umuthi unqunywe kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic. Umthamo wansuku zonke kufanele uhlukaniswe ngemithamo engu-2-3.
- Ekwelapheni izinhlungu ze-neuropathic, inani lezinto ezisebenzayo linqunywa ngawodwana. Umthamo omkhulu wokwelapha kuleli cala ngu-3600 mg / ngosuku. Inkambo yokwelashwa iqala ngenani elincane lezinto ezisebenzayo (300 mg). Umthamo wansuku zonke uhlukaniswe ngemithamo engu-2-3.
Umthamo weziguli ezinesifo sikashukela
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umuthi unomphumela ezingeni le-glucose emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukulungiswa komthamo kwekhompiyutha esebenzayo kuyadingeka. Inani lomuthi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela lubekiwe ngawodwa.
Inani lomuthi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela lubekiwe ngawodwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Isikhathi sesifundo siyahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezimbalwa: ubudala besiguli, isithombe somtholampilo, ubukhulu bezimpawu, uhlobo lwesifo, ama-pathologies ahlobene nawo athinta ukumbumbuluzwa kwesakhiwo esisebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, isikhathi sokwelashwa singamaviki angama-1-4. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impumuzo iza ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokuqala kokwelashwa.
Imiphumela emibi
Ububi obukhulu bomuthi inani elikhulu lokuphendula okungathandeki. Ukwanda kwemiphumela emibi kuya ngesimo somzimba ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Amapheshana wesisu
Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka emathunjini:
- usizi esiswini;
- ukukhula noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhulisa isifiso sokudla;
- ukuguqulwa kwesitulo;
- i-anorexia;
- ukuthopha;
- izifo zamazinyo;
- ukulimala kwesibindi (i-hepatitis);
- jaundice
- i-pancreatitis
Isibonakaliso sokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu yisisu.
Engxenyeni yesikhumba
Ukubonakala kwama-rashes kuyaphawulwa.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Ama-pathologies anjenge-thrombocytopenia, i-leukopenia athuthukisa.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Kukhona ukwephulwa kwesimo se-psychoemotional state (ukudangala, ukungahambi kahle kwezinzwa, njll.), Ukubonakala kwesiyezi nobuhlungu bekhanda. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuvevesa, ukuthuthumela, i-amnesia. Kukhona ukwephulwa kokucabanga (ukudideka kuyazibonakalisa), ukuzwela (paresthesia), ukulala, umsebenzi we-Reflex.
Kusuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula
Izifo nezimpawu ezilandelayo ziba khona:
- i-rhinitis;
- pharyngitis.
Kanye nokuthatha ezinye izidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic, inyumoniya iyathuthuka futhi kuba nokukhwehlela.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo
Kukhona ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokuchithwa komchamo, umsebenzi wobulili wesilisa, ukwanda kwesifo sezinso, ukukhula kwe-gynecomastia. Izindlala ezincelisayo nazo zingakhula.
Ukusuka ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo, i-gynecomastia iyakhula.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo
Kwesinye isikhathi izicubu ezibushelelezi ziphumula odongeni lwemithambo yegazi, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kukhona ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi uthinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal
Ukwelashwa ngemishanguzo ye-antiepileptic, lezi zimo ezilandelayo zokuphila zimpawu: i-arthralgia, i-myalgia, i-fractures iba kaningi.
Allergies
Ukulunywa, ukuqubuka, kanye nezimpawu ze-urticaria kuyaphawulwa. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa liyenyuka, i-angioedema ivela. Ekwelashweni kwezidambisi ze-antiepileptic, kunethuba lokuthuthuka kwe-erythema yama-multiforme exudative.
Izimpawu ze-urticaria ziyaphawulwa.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Uma kungekho ama-pathologies, indlela yokuhlola ukuqoqwa kukamuthi ku-plasma ayisetshenziswa. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esiqinisekisiwe, kunconywa ukuqapha ushukela. Ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo zezifo ezinzima, ukusetshenziswa komuthi kuyamiswa.
Kuyenqatshelwa ukukhansela umuthi ngokushesha. Imithamo incishiswa kancane kancane (kungakapheli isonto elilodwa). Uma ngokungazelelwe ukhansele umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo, kungaba khona ukuthathwa kokuwa kwesithuthwane. Uma kuvela izimpawu zokweqisa, umuthi uyamiswa.
Ezimweni eziningi, umthamo wokwelapha umuthi ukhuphuka ngo-300 mg isikhathi ngasinye. Kuvunyelwe ezigulini ezidluliselwe kwezinye izitho ukukhulisa inani lomuthi nsuku zonke nge-100 mg.
Kukholakala ukuthi umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo uwumuthi. Lokhu kuyiphutha, ngoba uTebantin unemigomo ehlukile yokusebenza, akuyona umlutha.
Uma ngokungazelelwe ukhansele umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo, kungaba khona ukuthathwa kokuwa kwesithuthwane.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Umuthi unomphumela ongemuhle kuma-nerve, amasistimu wezinhliziyo, izinzwa zomzimba (umbono, ukuzwa). Kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinkulu impela. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele wenqabe ukushayela izimoto kuze kube kuphothuliwe ukwelashwa.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Isidakamizwa asinconywa ukusetshenziselwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokushoda kwedatha emthonyeni wesibeletho. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo, umuthi usaqokwa uma inzuzo idlula ukulimala okungenzeka.
Ngokubona ukuthi, ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, into esebenzayo enanini elithile ingena ebisini lukamama, ukusetshenziswa komuthi kufanele kukhawulelwe. Kunqunyelwe ukukhishwa kuphela uma inzuzo idlula ukulimala enganeni.
UTebantin ubekelwe ukukhipha isisu kuphela uma inzuzo idlula ukulimala enganeni.
Kunquma uTebantin ezinganeni
Umuthi awuvunyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha iziguli ezingakayihlanganisi iminyaka emi-3. Ezigulini ezisukela eminyakeni emi-3 kuye kweli-12 ubudala, umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo ungabekwa kuphela njengengxenye yokwelapha okuyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba umuthi unolaka impela.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi ukumbiwa kwesakhiwo esisebenzayo okuvela emzimbeni weziguli kuleli qembu kuncipha, lo muthi unqunywe ngokuhlukile futhi ucabangele imvume ye-creatinine.
Ebudaleni, umuthi unqunywa ngokuhlukile futhi uthatha imvume ye-creatinine.
Ukweqisa
Azikho izehlakalo zokuphuza kakhulu umzimba lapho usebenzisa imithamo yomuthi ngokweqile (yize kungeniswa ama-49 g). Kodwa-ke, ukubonakala kokungaphenduki okungekuhle ngokweqile kwesilinganiso senani lomuthi kuyanconywa:
- Izinkinga zokukhuluma;
- Isiyezi
- ukwephulwa kwesitulo (isifo sohudo);
- ubuqili;
- ukozela
- ukungaboni kahle (kabili emehlweni).
Ngokudakwa kweziguli ngokwehluleka kwe-renal, i-hemodialysis inqunyelwe. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kukhonjisiwe.
Ukuvela kokungaphenduki okungekuhle ngokweqile kwesilinganiso esinconyiwe somuthi kuyaphawulwa: ukungaboni kahle (ukuphinda kabili emehlweni).
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Lapho kunqunywa umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo, kusebenza kahle nangokuphepha ngenkathi uwusebenzisa neminye imithi.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Iziphuzo eziqukethe notshwala zandisa umphumela ongemuhle wesidakamizwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi.
Inhlanganisela ehlanganisiwe
Ama-antacid asiza ukunciphisa i-bioavailability yomuthi okukhulunywa ngawo.
Akuhlanganisiwe ukuhlanganisa
Kungcono ukungasebenzisi iMorphine ngenkathi uthatha iTebantin.
Kungcono ukungasebenzisi iMorphine ngenkathi uthatha iTebantin.
Inhlanganisela edinga ukuqashelwa
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso nezinye izidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic kwamukelekile. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa nge-cimetidine, probenecid.
Ama-Analog
Ungasebenzisa imali ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: amaphilisi, amaphilisi. Izikhwama ezijwayelekile zeTebantin:
- Ishosha esihlatshelelwayo
- Neurontin;
- IGabagma
- UGabapentin.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Umuthi umuthi.
Intengo yeTebantin
Izindleko ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-700 kuya kwangama-1500.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Ukushisa komoya okwamukelekayo lapho izakhiwo zesidakamizwa zigcinwa khona: kufika ku-25 ° C.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswa iminyaka engu-5 kusukela ngosuku lokukhululwa.
Umkhiqizi
"UGideon Richter", eHungary.
Ubufakazi bodokotela neziguli ngeTebantin
I-Tikhonov I.V., i-vertebrologist, iminyaka engu-35, Kazan.
Kwakufanele nginqume umuthi wobuhlungu be-neuropathic. Umphumela muhle, impumuzo iza ngosuku lokuqala. Ngokuya kwezibuyekezo zeziguli, ngiyakwazi ukwahlulela ukukhula okuvame kakhulu kwemiphumela emibi evela ohlelweni lwangaphakathi lwezinzwa.
UGalina, oneminyaka engama-38, uP Pskov.
Umuthi ubekelwe umuthi we-hernia womgogodla (bekukhona izinhlungu ezinzima). Bamthatha ngokwesikimu. Imiphumela emibi ayenzekanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo wawumkhulu impela - 2535 mg ngosuku.
UVeronica, oneminyaka engama-45, u-Astrakhan.
Umuthi wabekelwe ingane yami. Ubudala buncane (iminyaka eyi-7), ngakho-ke umthamo wawuncane (ngokuya ngesisindo somzimba). Ngosizo lukaTebantin, kwenzeka ukuthi kuvimbele ukubonakala kokuquleka, kanye nokwandisa ikhefu phakathi kwabo.
