Izinkinga: i-gangrene kwisifo sikashukela. Izimbangela, izimpawu, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela

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IGangrene yi-necrosis yasekhaya (necrosis) yezicubu zomzimba.
I-Pathology iyingozi ngokukhishwa kobuthi be-cadaveric busegazini: lokhu kuholela ekwakhiweni kwezinkinga eziyingozi ezivela ezithweni zenhliziyo ezibalulekile zenhliziyo, isibindi, izinso namaphaphu. I-Gangrene iyinkinga evamile yesifo sikashukela: ezimweni eziningi zokwelashwa, lesi simo siveza uhlobo lonyawo lwesifo sikashukela - izicubu ze-tiscopic zamaphethelo aphansi.

I-Gangrene kwisifo sikashukela - imininingwane ejwayelekile

Isifo sikashukela sibhekisela kulawo ma-pathologies lapho izinkinga ezahlukahlukene kanye nezifo zesibili zivame ukuvela. Izibalo zezokwelapha ezidumazayo zibonisa ukuthi isiguli sesibili esivakashela i-endocrinologist sesifo sikashukela sivele sinomlando wezinkinga eziningi ezihlangene.

Isifo sikashukela njengendlela yokusebenzisa izinqubo ze-metabolic sithinta kabi zonke izitho nezicubu: imvamisa odokotela kufanele basebenzise izindlela zokwelapha ezinwebekayo ukwelula noma nokusindisa impilo yesiguli.

Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela esibuhlungu kakhulu yi-gangrene: i-necrosis yasekhaya ngenxa yokuwohloka kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi okutholakele.
Esikhathini sikashukela, imithambo yegazi kancane kancane ilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwawo, iba brittle, ilahlekelwe amandla ayo, bese iyeka ukufeza umsebenzi wokuhambisa izicubu nge-oksijini nezakhi zomzimba. Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis.

Okokuqala, imithambo yegazi emincane - ama-capillaries aguqulwa ukuguqulwa kwe-pathological, khona-ke imithambo emikhulu ihlangabezana nesiphetho esifanayo. Amalunga, amathambo ayathinteka, ukwakheka kwezilonda kwenzeka (ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni aphansi). Uma ngalesi sikhathi izinyathelo ezifanele zokwelapha zingathathwa, i-necrosis ye-gangrenous yezicubu iba.
Uma kungalashwa, ngenxa yezinkinga zezitho zangaphakathi, i-gangrene iholela ekufeni. Kodwa kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokuvakashela udokotela okufika ngesikhathi akusizi ukusindisa izicubu ezifile. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokwelashwa okulukhuni kwe-gangrene - ukunqunywa kwengalo ethintekile. Impumelelo ibucayi yizimo zemitholampilo lapho, abane-diabetes abanesifo sikashukela, abahlinzayo kufanele banciphise i-phalanx kuphela yomunwe: kwesinye isikhathi umlenze othintekile kuya edolweni noma ngaphezulu uyanqunywa.

Izimbangela ze-gangrene kushukela

Izici ezihambisana nokuvela kwe-gangrene ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela zingalandela:

  • Ukuqothuka kwe-vascular ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis ne-ischemia;
  • Ukuvuselela kancane kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, ngenxa yokuthi ngisho namanxeba amancanyana angenwa yileli gciwane, okufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni i-gangrene ethelelekayo;
  • I-Polyneuropathy, ikhula njengomphumela wokuphulwa kwe-glucose metabolism ejwayelekile (balahlekelwa ukusebenza kwama-microvessels weziqubu zezinzwa, ngenxa yokuthi amaseli athinteka ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi necrosis);
  • Ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokwakheka kwamathambo (lokhu kuholela ekuhlaselweni kwamathambo kanye necrosis aseptic);
  • Isimo sokunciphisa umzimba;
  • Ukuba khona kwesisindo ngokweqile;
  • Vala izicathulo ezingakhululekile;
  • Ukubhema.

Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gangrene akuyona into eyodwa, kepha kuyinkimbinkimbi yalokho.

Izibalo zezokwelapha zibonisa ukuthi ama-80% abantu abafayo abanesifo sikashukela abangelwa yi-gangrene.

Izinhlobo ze-Diabetesic Gangrene

Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 ze-gangrene emvelaphi yayo:

  • I-Neuropathic, okubangelwa ukulimala kwezicubu zezinzwa;
  • Angiopathic, okuvela ekubhujisweni kwemithambo yegazi;
  • I-Osteopathic, ikhula ngenxa yomonakalo ezakhiweni zamathambo;
  • Kuhlanganisiwe.
Ngobunjalo bayo nendlela yokugeleza kwayo, izinhlobo ezimbili ze-gangrene zikhula:yomile futhi imanzi. 

Isikhumba esomile ngesifo sikashukela, kwakha uma kunokuwohloka kancane kancane lapho kuhlangana khona ama-capillaries nemithambo yegazi emikhulu. Imvamisa le nqubo ihlala iminyaka eminingana. Ngalesi sikhathi, umzimba womuntu onesifo sikashukela angajwayela ingxenye ethile yalesi sifo futhi abe nezindlela zokuzivikela. Imvamisa i-gangrene eyomile ithinta izinzwane, kuyilapho izicubu ezifile zingatheleleki.

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-gangrene ezomile zingubuhlungu obukhulu emilenzeni.
Azikho izimpawu zokudakwa. Ingozi empilweni yesiguli ene-gangrene eyomile empeleni ayi-zero: ukukhishwa kobuthi egazini kuhamba kancane noma akukhona ngokuphelele. Ukunqunyelwa kungabekwa kuphela ngenxa yezizathu zokugcoba noma njenge-prophylaxis, ngoba i-gangrene eyomile kwesinye isikhathi ijika ibe manzi.

I-Wet gangrene kuyingozi kakhulu. Isilonda cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi sihlaselwe amagciwane e-anaerobic anda ngokushesha, okuholela ekwandeni okusheshayo endaweni yezicubu ezonakele. Ngaphandle, i-gangrene ibukeka njengesichibi sezicubu ezimnyama noma ezimnyama: lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, inkulu indawo yezicubu zombala oshintshiwe. Kwezinye izimo, lonke unyawo, umlenze ophansi, nethanga noma isandla kubandakanyekile enqubweni (uma i-gangrene ikhula esilingweni esingaphezulu).

Izimpawu ze-gangrene kushukela

Iziguli zesifo sikashukela sazo zombili izinhlobo 1 nohlobo 2 zisengozini yezinkinga.
Njengomthetho, abanesifo sikashukela banomkhawulo wobuhlungu obuncishisiwe, futhi bangase bangakuboni ukubonakala kwezilonda namanxeba emzimbeni, imifantu, ummbila. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinqubo ze-pathological zenzeka endaweni ethintekile - ukutheleleka ngamagciwane we-pathogenic kanye nesikhunta, ukutheleleka, ukuthathwa kwendawo enkulu ngokwengeziwe yezicubu eziphilayo.

Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwela kungenxa yamazinga kashukela akhuphuke ngokungapheli, okuholela ekufakweni kobuthi emzimbeni nasekufeni kweziphetho zezinzwa ezidlulisela amasiginali wezinhlungu nokulawula ukuzwela komoya.

Izinzwa ezibhekene nokukhipha izithukuthuku nazo ziyafa, okuholela esikhumbeni esomile somile, ukubukeka kwemifantu futhi kukhuthaza ukwenziwa kabusha okusebenzayo kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic. Qaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibhiliya asezilonda ezithathelwanayo kusiza kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala, ngokuzayo, amagciwane namanye ama-microorganisms athuthukisa ukumelana (nemelana) nale mishanguzo.

Nge-gangrene, imilenze yangaphansi ihlala ithinteka kakhulu, kuncipha kakhulu ezinye izingxenye zomzimba - izingalo noma isiqu.

Ukwahluka okuyingozi kakhulu kwalokhu kuhlanganiswa yi-gangne ​​egcwele, lapho kuvela khona i-vein thrombosis ngokushesha.
I-gangrene yelambu iyakhula njalo. Ngokuvamile, i-necrosis yandulelwa isikhathi eside ngezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezihambisana nokwehla kwezinzwa zezicubu.

Kwezinye izimo, i-gangrene ikhula kancane futhi ihambisana nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

  • Ububomvu, i-pallor ne-cyanosis yesikhumba endaweni yesibeletho;
  • Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ezinzwaneni nasezandleni;
  • Ubukhali, ukubhoboza izinhlungu esinqeni;
  • Ukukhathala komlenze okujwayelekile ngenkathi uhamba, ukuzindla nemizwa yokufiphala.
  • I-Edema yesitho esithintekile;
  • Kwehlise izinga lokushisa emilenzeni;
  • Ukulimala kwezinyawo;
  • Ukubhujiswa kwepuleti lezipikili, ukucwazimula, ukwakheka kwezipikili;
  • Izifo ezitholakala njalo fungal esizeni se-lesion.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezilonda ezihlukumezekile esigabeni se-necrosis ebanzi kuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, obungavimbi ngama-analgesics ajwayelekile. Ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi endaweni ethintekile akukho ngokuphelele.

Uma i-gangrene emanzi ikhula, ukutheleleka cishe njalo kuyakujoyina, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kokuhlanza. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gangrenous necrosis kuholela ekudakwiseni komzimba futhi kuhambisana nokubanda, umkhuhlane, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza.

Ukwelashwa Nge-gangrene

Umphumela wokwelapha we-gangrene wenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili - ukulondolozwa nokuhlinzwa.
Izindlela zokubambisa zenzelwe ukunikeza imiphumela elandelayo:

  • Isinxephezelo sikashukela;
  • Ukunciphisa umthwalo ezindaweni ezithintekile zezitho;
  • Ukunciphisa indawo yokutheleleka ngamagciwane, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala;
  • Ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kokudakwa;
  • Ukwenza ngcono isimo sokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokwanda ukumelana ngosizo lwe-Vitamin therapy.

Izindlela zokulondolozela kuholela ekuguquguqukeni okuhle ngasikhathi singekho njalo. Indlela eyinhloko ye-gangrene emanzi iyindlela yokuhlinzwa - okuwukuphela kwendlela yokugwema ukufa.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, izicubu ezithintekile ziyasuswa futhi izindawo ezisezindaweni eziseduze kwendawo ezinegciwane ziyahlanzwa. Ngaphezu kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa okuqondile, izinqubo ezilandelayo ezizosiza zingabekwa - ukukhipha umzimba ngomuntu nge-infusion dropper, ukumpontshelwa igazi.

Ukuqhekeka kwegazi kusuka emithanjeni ethinteka yi-ischemia ne-atherosclerosis nakho kungasuswa. Emitholampilo yesimanjemanje, ukuhlinzwa kwe-microsuction bypass, ukuhlanza kanye nokuhlanza imithambo kusetshenziswa uhlolo olufakwe emithanjeni bese kuqeda ngokuphelele i-thrombus.

Engxenyeni yezimo zokuphazamiseka kwesimo semvula esishubile, odokotela abahlinzayo kufanele banciphise imilenze nezandla ezithintekile, okuholela ekulahlekelweni ngumthamo wokusebenza nokukhubazeka.

Ukuvimbela

Ungavimba ukukhula kwe-gangrene kushukela ngosizo lwezindlela zokuthibela zokuthoma.
  • Isifo sikashukela sidinga ukubheka njalo izinyawo zezinyawo zazo,
  • phatha amanxeba ngesikhathi esifanele
  • gqoka amasokisi enziwe ngendwangu yemvelo nezicathulo ezikhululekile nezikhululekile,
  • gcoba isikhumba ngamafutha zemifino.

Ukungabikho kwemikhuba emibi kunciphisa futhi amathuba okuba nezinkinga. Lapho uthatha indawo yokugeza, abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kwamanzi: akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-35-36 degrees.

Khetha udokotela bese wenza isikhathi sokuqokwa:

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