Emuva ngo-1991, i-International Diabetes Federation yathula usuku lwesifo sikashukela. Lokhu sekuyindlela edingekayo ekuphenduleni ekusongeleni okwandayo kokusabalala kwalesi sifo. Yaqala ukwenziwa ngonyaka ka 1991 ngoNovemba 14. Hhayi nje kuphela i-International Diabetes Federation (IDF) ebibandakanyeka kulungiselelwa, kodwa futhi neWorld Health Organisation (WHO).
Imicimbi ezayo
Cabanga ngohlelo lwemicimbi ngesibonelo sosaziwayo abaningi:
- EMoscow, kusukela nge-14 kuye kwele-18, ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa ngesibhaxu kungenziwa mahhala ukukhomba ubungozi besifo sikashukela. Izinkulumo ngezindlela zanamuhla zokwelashwa nezingxenye zemibuzo nezimpendulo ezivela kuma-endocrinologists nazo zinikezwe. Uhlu lwemitholampilo ebamba iqhaza nemininingwane yomcimbi ingatholwa kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni //mosgorzdrav.ru/ru-RU/news/default/card/1551.html.
- EKiev ngalolu suku e-Ukraine House kuzoqhutshwa nezinhlelo zokuhlukunyezwa kwabantu, kanye nokuhlolwa ngokushesha kweglucose yegazi nokukala umfutho wegazi.
- EMinsk, iNational Library of Belarus izobamba isenzo esifanayo ngoLwesibili ukukhomba ubungozi besifo sikashukela kuwo wonke umuntu.
Uma utholakala kwenye indawo, sincoma ukuthi ubheke esikhungweni sezokwelapha esiseduze nawe ngemisebenzi ehlelekile ngalolo suku.
Umlando wendalo
Usuku Lwezifo Olumnandi luyisikhumbuzo esintwini ngosongo olukhulayo. Ngokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe, i-IDF ne-WHO bahlanganise imiphakathi ekhethekile eyi-14 emazweni ehlukene. Lokhu bekufanele ukuqwashisa phakathi kwabantu jikelele ngengozi yalesi sifo, mayelana nezinkinga ezingahle zibe khona.
Kepha umsebenzi awukhawulwanga ngosuku olulodwa: umfelandawonye usebenza unyaka wonke.
Usuku Lwesifo Sikashukela lugujwa ngoNovemba 14th. Usuku olukhonjisiwe alukhethwe ngenhlanhla. KwakungoNovemba 14, 1891 lapho kuzalwa khona udokotela wezempilo womzimba waseCanada, udokotela Frederick Bunting. Yena, kanye nodokotela osizayo uCharles Best, bathola i-insulin. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1922. Ukungena nge-insulin kwafaka ingane futhi kwasindisa impilo yakhe.
I-patent ye-hormone yanikezwa eNyuvesi yaseToronto. Wabe eseqhubekela eMkhandlwini Wokucwaninga Ngezokwelapha waseCanada. Kakade ekupheleni kuka-1922, i-insulin yavela emakethe. Lokhu kusindise izimpilo zamasosha ezinkulungwane zezigidi zamadola sikashukela.
Ukufaneleka kukaFrederick Bunting noJohn MacLeod kwahlonishwa emhlabeni jikelele. Bathe ngo-1923 bathola umklomelo kaNobel emkhakheni we-physiology (umuthi). Kepha uFrederick Bunting uthathe lesi sinqumo ngokungalungile: wanika uhhafu womklomelo wemali umsizi wakhe, uzakwabo uCharles Best.
Kusukela ngo-2007, lolu suku belugubha ngaphansi kwezifiso ze-UN. Isinqumo esikhethekile seZizwe Ezihlangene simemezele isidingo sezinhlelo zikahulumeni zokubhekana nesifo sikashukela. Ngokwehlukana, ukubaluleka kokunquma inqubo eqondile yokunakekelwa kweziguli ngale ndlela kuyaphawulwa.
Amasiko asunguliwe
UNovemba 14 ubhekwa kufanele njengosuku lwabo bonke abahilelekile ekulweni nalesi sifo. Akufanele kukhunjulwe hhayi ngeziguli kuphela, kodwa futhi nangabelaphi, ama-endocrinologists, izishoshovu ezinemisebenzi yazo okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza lula izimpilo zabantu abanesifo sikashukela. Izisekelo ezahlukahlukene zokupha usizo, izitolo ezikhethekile, izikhungo zezokwelapha ziyabamba iqhaza.
E-Russia, leli holidi akuyona usuku lokuphumula, kepha yonke imizamo yezinhlangano ezibandakanyekayo ekulweni nesifo sikashukela isekelwa ngenkuthalo ezingeni lesifundazwe.
Ngalolu suku, ngokwesiko, imicimbi yemfundo yobuningi iyenziwa. Ungawushintshi umkhuba ngonyaka we-2017. Kulindelwe ukuthi kubambe izinkulumo zomphakathi, izingqungquthela nezingqungquthela. Emadolobheni amakhulu, kuhlelwa ama-flash mobs
Izikhungo zezokwelapha zinikeza ithuba lokuvakashela udokotela we-endocrinologist futhi ahlolwe ukuze kubonwe izici zobungozi zesifo sikashukela. Abantu abathakazelayo bangalalela izinkulumo zokuvimbela nezindlela zanamuhla zokwelapha "isifo esimnandi".
Eminye imitholampilo, izitolo ezinesifo sikashukela, ngokulungiselela uSuku Lomhlaba lokulwa nalesi sifo, zithuthukisa izinhlelo zazo:
- bamba imincintiswano yemidwebo, abafundi, imincintiswano yezemidlalo, ukusebenza komculo phakathi kweziguli;
- hlela amahlumela wezithombe enzelwe ukukhombisa ukuthi impilo enoshukela kungenzeka;
- ukulungiselela imidlalo yaseshashalazini.
Abahlanganyeli yizingane nabantu abadala abahlushwa “isifo esimnandi”.
Izinjongo zonyaka wamanje
Ukungalingani kwezenhlalo yezomnotho, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka, kubeka abesifazane engcupheni enkulu yesifo sikashukela. Amathuba okuvela kwawo ayanda ngenxa yokungondleki, ukusebenza kabi ngokomzimba, ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala nokubhema.
Ngo-2017, usuku luzonikezwa esihlokweni esithi "Abesifazane kanye nesifo sikashukela." Akuzange kukhethwe ngengozi, ngoba kungenye yezimbangela eziphambili zokufa kwabantu. Wonke umuntu wesishiyagalolunye uyafa ngalesi sifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamanye amazwe ukufinyelela kwabesifazane ezinsizakalweni zezempilo kukhawulelwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukutholwa kokuqala kwalesi sifo, ukuqokwa kokwelashwa okwanele ngesikhathi akunakwenzeka.
Ngokwezibalo, abesifazane aba-2 kwabayisi-5 abanesifo sikashukela basesimweni sokuzala. Kunzima kakhulu kubo ukukhulelwa nokuzala umntwana. Abesifazane abanjalo badinga ukuhlela ukukhulelwa, bazame ukubuyisa izinga likashukela wegazi libuyele kokujwayelekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umama okhulelwe kanye nengane basengozini. Ukuhluleka ukulawula isimo, ukwelashwa okungafanele kungaholela ekufeni kowesifazane nowesifazane.
Ngo-2017, umkhankaso wesifo sikashukela uzogxila ekwandiseni ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo zezempilo kubantu besifazane kuwo wonke amazwe. Ngokwezinhlelo ze-IDF, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi abesifazane bayakwazi ukuthola ulwazi ngesifo sikashukela, izindlela zokuxilonga nokubheka isimo sabo. Indima ehlukile inikezwa imininingwane ekuvinjelweni kwesifo sohlobo 2.
Kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, umfelandawonye wezizwe wakhipha izinto zokuphromotha. Ngosizo lwabo, ulindele ukwamukela kabanzi umphakathi wezinhlangano ezinentshisekelo, izisekelo futhi uzolungiselela ngokugcwele uNovemba 14.
Ukubaluleka komcimbi
Emhlabeni ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zabantu, ukwanda kwalesi sifo kufinyelela ku-1-8.6%. Njengoba izifundo zezibalo zibonisa, njalo eminyakeni eyi-10-15, inani leziguli ezinesifo sikashukela elitholakele liphindwe kabili. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi lesi sifo sithatha isimilo sezokwelapha nakwezenhlalo. Ochwepheshe bathi isifo sikashukela sesiphenduka ubhubhane olungathandeki.
Ngokuqagela kwe-IDF, ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2016, babalelwa ezigidini ezingama-415 abantu emhlabeni abaneminyaka engama-20-79 emhlabeni abanesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu, uhhafu weziguli awazi ngokuqhubeka kwalesi sifo. Ngokusho kwe-IDF, okungenani abesifazane abayizigidi ezingama-199 manje banesifo sikashukela, kuthi ngonyaka ka-2040 babe ngu-313.
Eminye yemisebenzi yeInternational Diabetes Federation ukwenza ukuthi kutholakale lesi sifo ngokusobala. Ngokwezincomo zodokotela, kufanele kwenziwe isivivinyo sikashukela okungenani kanye ngonyaka, noma ngabe kungekho zinkinga zempilo ezibonakalayo.
Inani leziguli ezinohlobo lwezifo oludinga i-insulin landa kancane kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezinikeziwe: ngenxa yezidakamizwa zesimanje nemishini yokulethwa kwe-insulin, isikhathi sempilo yeziguli sinwetshwa.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, abantu abanesifo sikashukela befa, ngoba ngaphandle kwe-insulin, izicubu zomzimba azikwazi ukubamba ushukela. Iziguli zazingenathemba lokuthi zizolulama. Kepha isikhathi esiningi sesidlulile selokhu kwatholakala nokuqala kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin okuningi. Ezokwelapha nesayensi azange zime, manje izimpilo zabantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo II nohlobo II sezilula kakhulu.
