Iningi leziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinezinhlobo zonke zezifo ezibangelwa yilokho ezikhulisa isimo somuntu futhi zithinta yonke imithambo nezitho zomzimba. Enye yalezi zifo i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela.
Umongo walesi sifo ukuthi lonke uhlelo lwamathambo luyathinteka. Uma kuphela imithambo emincane elimele, khona-ke lesi sifo sihlukaniswa ngokuthi isifo sikashukela sikashukela.
Uma kuphela imikhumbi emikhulu yesistimu ihlaselwa, lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-macroangiopathy yesifo sikashukela. Kodwa lokhu akuyona inkinga kuphela isiguli sikashukela esingahle sibe nayo. Nge-angiopathy, i-homeostasis nayo iyathinteka.
Izimpawu Ezimpawu zesifo sikashukela Microangiopathy
Lapho ucubungula izimpawu eziphambili ze-microangiopathy, kuvela izici ezintathu eziphambili, ezibizwa ngeVirchow-Sinako triad. Yiziphi lezi zimpawu?
- Izindonga zemikhumbi ziyaguquka.
- Ukumelana kwegazi kuphazamisekile.
- Ijubane legazi liyancipha.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi owandayo we-platelet kanye nokwanda kwegazi, iba yi-viscous xaxa. Imithambo enempilo ine-oyela ekhethekile engavumeli igazi linamathele ezindongeni. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi elifanele.
Imithambo ephazamisekile ayikwazi ukukhiqiza lo lubisi, futhi kwehla ukuhamba kwegazi. Zonke lezi ziphazamiso aziholeli nje ekubhujisweni kwemithambo yegazi, kodwa futhi nasekwakheni kwama-microtubus.
Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, lolu hlobo lokuguqulwa lubandakanya inani elikhulu kakhulu lemikhumbi. Imvamisa indawo ethinteka kakhulu yilena:
- izitho zombono;
- i-myocardium;
- izinso
- uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzungeza umzimba;
- isikhumba esikhulayo.
Umphumela walokhu kwephula umthetho, njengomthetho, yile:
- i-neuropathy;
- isifo sikashukela se-nephropathy;
- inhliziyo
- dermatopathy.
Kepha izimpawu zokuqala zivela emaphethelweni aphansi, okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi kule ndawo. Ukubhaliswa kwamacala anjalo cishe kungama-65%.
Abanye odokotela bavame ukuthi i-microangiopathy ayisona isifo esihlukile, okungukuthi, uphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakholelwa ukuthi i-microangiopathy ingumphumela we-neuropathy, owenzeka ngaphambili.
Abanye ososayensi bathi i-nerve ischemia ibangela i-neuropathy, futhi leli qiniso alihambisani nokulimala kwemithambo yegazi. Ngokwalo mbono, i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ibangela i-neuropathy, futhi i-microangiopathy ayihlangene nayo.
Kepha kukhona futhi umbono wesithathu, abalandeli bawo abathi ukwephulwa komsebenzi wezinzwa kuzosebenza kahle emithanjeni yegazi.
Isifo sikashukela i-Microangiopathy ihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningi, ezibangelwa izinga lomonakalo emaphethelweni aphansi.
- Ngezinga lokulimala kwesikhumba emzimbeni womuntu alikho.
- Izinga lokuqala - kunamaphutha amancane esikhumbeni, kepha ayinazo izinqubo zokuvuvukala futhi asendaweni emincane kakhulu.
- Ezingeni lesibili, kuvela izilonda zesikhumba ezibonakalayo ezingakhula ngokujulile ukuze zilimaze imisipha namathambo.
- Izinga lesithathu libonakaliswa izilonda zesikhumba kanye nezimpawu zokuqala zokufa kwezicubu emilenzeni. Izinkinga ezinjalo zingenzeka ngokuhlangana nezinqubo zokuvuvukala, izifo, i-edema, i-hyperemia, i-abscesses kanye ne-osteomyelitis.
- Ezingeni lesine, i-gangrene yomunye noma iminwe eminingana iqala ukukhula.
- Izinga lesihlanu lonke unyawo, noma iningi laso lithinteka yi-gangrene.
Izici zokuphawula kwe-macroangiopathy
Isici esiyinhloko sokufa okuphezulu kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela yi-macroangiopathy yesifo sikashukela. Kuyi-macroangiopathy evame ukwenzeka ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.
Okokuqala, imikhumbi emikhulu yemikhawulo engezansi iyathinteka, ngenxa yalokho imithambo ye-coronary ne-cerebral.
I-Macroangiopathy ingakhula esimeni sokukhulisa isilinganiso sokuthuthuka kwesifo se-atherosranceotic. Lesi sifo sehlukaniswe izigaba eziningana zokuthuthuka.
- Esigabeni sokuqala, ekuseni isiguli sikhulise ukukhathala, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ubuthakathaka, ukudinwa, umuzwa wokubanda emilenzeni nokuqina kwaso. Lokhu kusinxephezela isinxephezelo ekusakazweni kwethafa.
- Esigabeni sesibili, imilenze yomuntu iqala ukukhubazeka, iqhwa kakhulu, ingaphezulu lamazipho liqala ukuhlukana. Kwesinye isikhathi i-lameness ivela kulesi sigaba. Bese kuba nobuhlungu emilenzeni, kokubili lapho uhamba futhi uphumula. Isikhumba siba mnyama futhi sibe mncane. Ukuphazamiseka emalungeni kuyabonakala.
- Isigaba sokugcina si-gangrene kushukela lonyawo, iminwe nomlenze ophansi.
Ungayiphatha kanjani i-angiopathy
I-Macro ne-microangiopathy kushukela sikwelashwa cishe okufanayo. Into yokuqala isiguli okufanele iyenze ukuletha izinqubo ze-metabolic zomzimba zisesimweni esejwayelekile. I-carbohydrate metabolism kufanele ibuyiselwe, ngoba yi-hyperglycemia eyimbangela eyinhloko yokwakhiwa kwe-vascular atherosclerosis.
Okubaluleke ngendlela efanayo kwinqubo yokwelashwa ukubheka isimo se-lipid metabolism. Uma izinga lama-lipoproteins anezinkomba zokuxinana okuphansi landa ngokungazelelwe, futhi izinga lama-triglycerides, kunalokho, lehle, lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokufaka izidakamizwa ze-hypolipidic ekwelashweni.
Sikhuluma ngama-statins, i-fibrate nama-antioxidants. I-Macro- ne-microangiopathy ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela iphathwa ngokufakwa okuphoqelekile kwemithi yokwelapha yesenzo se-metabolic, isibonelo, i-trimetazidine.
Imithi enjalo ifaka isandla enqubweni ye-oxidation ye-glucose ku-myocardium, evela ngenxa ye-oxidation yamafutha acid. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwazo zombili izinhlobo zalesi sifo, iziguli zinqunyelwe ama-anticoagulants.
Lezi izidakamizwa ezisiza ukuncibilikisa ukuchitheka kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi futhi zenze buthakathaka ukusebenza kweplatelet lapho kutholakala ukuthi une-macroangiopathy.
Ngenxa yalezi zinto, igazi alitholi ukuvumelana okuguquguqukayo futhi izimo azenzelwe ukugoqa imithambo yegazi. Ama-anticoagulants afaka:
- Acetylsalicylic acid.
- I-Tiklid.
- I-Vazaprostan.
- IHeparin.
- I-dipyridamole.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme cishe uhlala ukhona ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukunquma imithi eyenza umfutho wegazi ube ngokwejwayelekile. Uma ngabe le nkomba ijwayelekile, kusanconywa ukuthi siyiqaphe njalo.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, amanani afanele angama-130/85 mm Hg. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zokulawula zizosiza ukuvimbela ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nephropathy ne-retinopathy, kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokushaywa yinhliziyo.
Kulezi zidakamizwa, abaphikisi besiteshi se-calcium, i-inhibitors nezinye izidakamizwa ziyahlukaniswa.
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kuyadingeka ukuguqula izinkomba ze-homegenasis ye-Autonomic. Kulokhu, odokotela banquma izidakamizwa ezikhulisa umsebenzi we-sorbitol dehydrogenase. Kubalulekile futhi ukwenza imisebenzi ekhuthaza ukuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant.
Vele, kungcono ukuvikela lesi sifo ekuqaleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhola indlela efanele futhi ubheke impilo yakho njalo. Kodwa uma kuvela izimpawu zesifo sikashukela, kufanele uthinte isikhungo sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Izindlela zanamuhla zokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela nokusekelwa kwezifo ezizosiza umuntu ukuthi agweme imiphumela ebuhlungu njenge-macro- kanye ne-microangiopathy.
