Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi, i-carbohydrate metabolism iyaphazamiseka. Imvamisa, i-carbohydrate metabolism iyaphazamiseka ngenxa yokuvela kokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwama-pancreas.
Ama-pancreas ehluleka ukukhiqiza inani elidingekayo le-insulin - i-hormone eqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kweglucose ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lwangaphakathi lweseli. Ushukela omningi udotshwa ngohlelo lwe-urin excretion. Ukwehliswa ushukela ngokusebenzisa izinso kuholela ekwandeni kwesibalo sezenzo zokuchama kanye nokwephulwa komzimba wamanzi emzimbeni.
Lapho kukhona ushukela wegazi ophakeme emzimbeni wesiguli, kuba nesimo sesifo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-mellitus sikashukela.
Ngokuntuleka kwe-glucose kumaseli wezicubu ezixhomekeke ku-insulin, kwenzeka ukubulawa kwendlala kwe-carbohydrate, okuholela ekuphazamiseni ukusebenza kwezakhi zamaseli.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kungabangelwa ifa noma ukuvezwa komzimba wezinto ezicasulayo zangaphandle. Ngalesi sizathu, i-pathology ingaba yinto yokuzalwa noma ukutholwa.
Ukuphazamiseka emgodleni we-carbohydrate metabolism kuvusa uchungechunge lokuhluleka emzimbeni, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinqubo ezimbi njengokuthi:
- ukulimala koqweqwe lwawo;
- ukubonakala esikhunjeni samanxeba nakuma-pustule;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezinguquko ze-atherosulinotic;
- ukubonakala kwe-angina pectoris;
- umsebenzi wezinso ongonakalisiwe;
- ukuvela kwezinkinga nohlelo lwezinzwa;
- umbono ongalungile.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sohlobo lokuqala nolwesibili.
Uhlobo lokuqala lubonakala ngentuthuko esemncane, umehluko wayo ukungabikhona kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni. Igama layo lesibili yisifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin. Lolu hlobo lunzima kakhulu ukulubekezelela, umzimba kumele uxhaswe njalo ngemijovo ye-insulin.
I-hormone ihanjiswa ngaphambi noma ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla. Kuyadingeka ukunamathela ekudleni okuqinile, okungafaki ushukela, amaswidi, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, iziphuzo zokudla.
Uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela luvame ukukhula ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-40. Imijovo ye-insulin yalolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela ayinqunyelwe kangako. Imvamisa, ukudla okuqinile kanye namaphilisi anomphumela we-hypoglycemic asetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Ukudla okunesifo sikashukela ukuthi ukudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate asheshe ukugaya kuqedwa ekudleni. Lokhu kushukela nemikhiqizo equkethe ushukela. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, wonke amaswidi kafulawa neziphuzo zabaneshukela abanqatshelwe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, banegalelo ekukhupheni okukhulu kwe-glucose yegazi, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic.
Ukwenqaba ushukela akulula kangako, ngoba lo mkhiqizo udliwe kukho konke impilo. Kusukela ekuzalweni, wonke umuntu uyazi ukunambitheka okumnandi, ngisho nobisi lwebele lunambitha kancane i-sweetish. Kunzima kakhulu ukwenqaba konke lokhu ngasikhathi sinye. Imvamisa lokhu kuholela emcabangweni wokuba phansi, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nokwengqondo kwenzeka. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kunobubanzi obuhlukahlukene bokuxubanisa obudlala indima yabamnandi.
Ukufakwa esikhundleni sikashukela kungaba izinto zemvelo noma zokwenziwa ezinambitheka kamnandi, kepha zibe nokwakheka okuhlukile kwamakhemikhali uma kuqhathaniswa noshukela. Zisetshenziswa ngendlela emsulwa, ngokwesibonelo, ukuphuza itiye, noma njengesengezo sokudla esitsheni. Cishe zonke azinabungozi. Ngeke zithinte inani le-glucose nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngokungafani noshukela ojwayelekile.
Ama-sweeteners wemvelo kwabanesifo sikashukela afaka:
- stevia;
- i-xylitol;
- i-fructose;
- i-sorbitol.
Izinzwa zokuthambisa zifaka i-saccharin, ipartart, cyclamate.
IStevia - isitshalo esiqukethe izakhi eziningi zokwelapha ezilusizo. Enye yezakhi zesitshalo yi-compact stevioside, enikeza amaqabunga alesi sitshalo ukunambitheka okumnandi.
I-Stevioside imnandi kakhulu kunoshukela. Ukukhishwa kweStevia ngendlela yayo yemvelo kuphunga izikhathi ezingama-250 kunoshukela. Kodwa, naphezu kwesilinganiso esiphakeme kangako, i-stevia akuyona i-sweetener enhle. Zonke izikhala zikashukela zinezinkinga zazo. Okubi kakhulu kwe-stevioside ukuthi kungandisa isisindo somzimba. Ukukhishwa kweStevia kutholakala kuma-sweeteners afana neSladis neFit Parade.
Ukukhishwa kwezitshalo emazweni amaningi kusetshenziswa njenge-sweetener. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 etshalwe emasimini amakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sithithisi akukaze kuveze ukwenzeka kwemiphumela emibi. Abanye abakhiqizi bengeza i-stevia ekudleni i-Coca-Cola. Odokotela kuma-80s benza ucwaningo, umphumela walo wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi i-stevia ingumkhiqizo ophephile.
Izici eziwusizo ze-stevia:
- ukwazi ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba;
- kwehlisa umfutho wegazi;
- inempahla ye-antibacterial;
- ikhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwesikhumba.
Inzuzo enkulu yokukhishwa kwesitshalo ukungabi nethonya ezingeni likashukela emzimbeni wesiguli.
I-Xylitol i-sweetener yemvelo. Ibizwa nangokuthi ushukela wezinkuni noma we-birch. Iyingxenye yezithelo eziningi, imifino, imikhiqizo ethengiwe. I-Xylitol icishe ibe nokunambitha, icishe ibe ne-glucose.
Isikhathi sokuqala kwezokuhweba phansi sivele eYurophu kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngemuva kwalokho uthole ukuthandwa kwakhe njengommeli kashukela.
I-compound ayithinti ushukela wegazi. Namuhla, kuvame ukutholakala njengesengezo sokudla semikhiqizo ehlanzekile noma yokwelapha. I-ejensi kwezokwelapha nayo isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezidakamizwa.
Abanye besifazane basebenzisa i-xylitol ukunciphisa umzimba:
- Ithisipuni elilodwa loshukela liqukethe amakhalori ayi-15, kanye ne-xylitol - kilojoule engu-9.5. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, i-xylitol icishe ibe ngama-40% ama-caloric amancane uma iqhathaniswa noshukela. Le nto ilungele ukwehla kwesisindo.
- I-compound ayithinti izinga lama-carbohydrate egazini.
Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni salokho kufanele labo bobabili abanesifo sikashukela nalabo abasebenzisa isidlo sekhalori esiphansi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nenkomba kashukela, okuyi-100, i-xylitol ine-GI kwezingu-7. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bathi ukusebenzisa lesi simanga kunganciphisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
I-Fructose i-sweetener yemvelo. Kutholakala emifino eminingi, izithelo, amajikijolo, umpe wezimbali noju.
Umthamo wansuku zonke we-fructose ngama-35-50 amagremu. I-coefflete yobumnandi ayikho ngaphezu kwe-1.7. I-Fructose iyingxenye ye-sweetener efana neRio Gold.
Kunokubi okuthile njengokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephezulu. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangwe kulabo bantu abanamathela ekudleni, ukuqeda isisindo esibi ngokweqile, ukukhuluphala.
I-Fructose ingakhuphula kancane izinga leshukela egazini. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kudliwe ngesifo sikashukela ngokuqapha, kuphela ekuncomeni noma kunikezwe udokotela. Uma unamathela ezinkombeni, khona-ke i-fructose ayinangozi.
Naphezu kwalokhu kushiyeka, i-fructose inezimpawu eziningi ezinhle:
- Inomphumela wethoni. Ibuyisa amandla ngemuva kokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo, ukuzikhandla ngokwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, i-fructose iyanconywa ezinganeni zesikole, abafundi kanye nabasubathi.
- Kwezinye izithelo, amajikijolo asebenza njengesithasiselo se-flavour. Iyakwazi ukugcina umswakama, ngenxa yokuthi izithelo nemifino zingagcinwa isikhathi eside.
- I-Fructose ingancibilika kahle kunoma yiluphi uketshezi. Ngakho-ke, kufakwa itiye, ikhofi kanye ne-confectionery.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fructose ingadliwa ukulwa nokwehla kwamazinyo.
ISorbitol iyisikhundla soshukela semvelo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-glucose ejwayelekile, inokuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphansi - i-sorbitol - 2,6 kcal / 1 gram, ushukela - 4 kcal / 1 gram.
Isikhombi sobumnandi ngu-0.6.
Ziqukethe ezinye izithelo - ama-apricots, ama-apula, iplamu, ithini lamapheya. Inani elikhulu lezinto liqukethe umlotha wentaba.
Inezimpawu ezisebenzayo ezilandelayo:
- ukukwazi ukunciphisa ukucindezela kwamehlo, ukusetshenziselwa i-edema, uremia;
- Ukuqedwa kahle koketshezi, okungezwe etiyeni, ekofi, akulahli impahla yawo ngesikhathi sokushisa okushisa (ukubilisa, ukuthosa);
- akunangozi emzimbeni;
- empeleni akuthinti ukwanda kwe-glucose egazini, ngoba akuyona i-carbohydrate, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela;
- othathwe njengomuthi oxubile; ngenxa yako, umzimba udla ngokweqile uvithamini B1, B6, nawo ufaka isandla ekwenzeni ngcono amathumbu nesisu;
Njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo, i-sorbitol inezinkinga zayo. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, ukunambitheka kwensimbi kuvela emlonyeni. Esikhundleni kukhona i-caloric, lokhu kufanele kucatshangwe lapho kusatshalaliswa amakhalori ngosuku. Cishe akunawo ukunambitheka okumnandi, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-stevia, sucrose. Ungajabuli nge-sorbitol, lokhu kungaholela ekuqhakazeni, ukushisa kwenhliziyo, ikhanda.
I-Saccharin noma i-saccharin sodium - esikhundleni se-glucose yokufakelwa.
Isebenza njengesisekelo se-sucrazite. Sebenzisa njengesengezo sokudla esingu-E954.
Musa ukuthatha ngaphandle kokuyalelwa ngudokotela, ngoba ungandisa ubungozi bokuthola amaseli omdlavuza.
Ihlala endaweni yesithathu phakathi kwezindawo (zokuqala ezimbili zingama-aspartame ne-sucralose). Uma kuqhathaniswa noshukela, izikhathi ezingama-400 zinoshukela. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, ukunambitheka okumunyu kuzwakala emgodini womlomo.
Isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela amaswidi, i-jellies, i-marmalade, ukubhaka. Ukusetshenziswa kabi noma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaholela engcupheni yomdlavuza wesinye.
Ukubonakala kwesakhiwo kuyinto amakristalu agudlayo, anganyibiliki kahle koketshezi. Ongenantambo.
Kwenqatshelwe ukuthatha abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane.
Ezinganeni, i-saccharin ingadala i-allergies, ukucasuka. Esikhundleni salokho kubhekiswa kuma-sulfonamides amaningi. Lezi zingxube zingadala ukusabela okwenziwa yi-allergic, ikhanda, ukuphefumula komoya, uhudo.
I-Saccharin iyinto enamakhalori aphansi angangenwa ngamathumbu. Iyakwazi ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwe-insulin kumanyikwe. Umzimba uyeka ukumunca i-insulin, okufaka isandla ekwakhekeni kwesifo sikashukela.
I-Aspartame i-sweetener yokwenziwa. Inokuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphansi. Ekuhlanganisweni kwemikhiqizo kukhethwe i-E 951. Uma uyilinganisa noshukela, khona-ke ipartartame iba mnandi izikhathi ezingama-200. Kubhekiselwa esikhundleni sokufakelwa. Akakubekezeleli ukwelashwa okushisa futhi ahlukane nama-molecule ngamunye.
Ngenxa yocwaningo, kwembulwa ukuthi kungadala ukulimaza umzimba, kuboniswe ngoshintsho ngemuva kwesizinda se-hormonal. Isibonelelo esiphezulu sansuku zonke yi-45 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba.
Kuyenqatshelwa ukusebenzisa abantu abaphethwe yi-phenylketonuria.
IPhenylketonuria isifo esidluliselwa ngefa. Kuqukethe ukungabikho komzimba kokungabikho kwe-enzyme ekwazi ukuguqula i-phenylalanine ibe yi-tyrosine. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lokhu kuzoholela ekulimaleni kobuchopho.
Kuyenqatshelwe futhi ukuthatha abesifazane abakhulelwe, ngoba ukulimala kwenziwa enganeni.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga imikhiqizo enjengama-yogurts, ukuhlafuna izinsini, amaswidi, amasiphu neziphuzo ezinoshukela, kufanele uzijwayeze ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwemikhiqizo.
I-cyclamate noma igama layo lesibili, i-sodium cyclamate, iyi-sweetener. Ingatholakala ekudleni njengesengezo sokudla esingu-E 952. Uma siqhathaniswa noshukela ojwayelekile, sinambitheka amahlandla angama-25.
Kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziswa ihlanganiswe ne-aspartame noma i-saccharin. Inokuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphansi kakhulu, okusetshenziswa njenge-sweetener. Ayinayo inkomba ye-glycemic futhi ayithinti ushukela wegazi, ngakho-ke ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abanesifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Kuhle ukubekezelela ukwelashwa okushisa, kungangezwa ku-confectionery. Igcotshwa ngokusebenzisa izinso ngaphandle kokushintsha indlela yayo.
Abaphenyi baseMelika benze ucwaningo kanye nokuhlaziya okuningi, okukhombisa nokho ukuthi i-cyclamate ingalimaza umzimba.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayaphulwa, ngoba amathumbu anamabhaktheriya athi, lapho edalulwa i-cyclomat, akhiqize i-teratogenic metabolites. Lezi zinto zingathinta ukukhula kwesibeletho emasontweni okuqala okukhulelwa.
Umthamo wansuku zonke kumuntu omdala ngu-11 mg / kg. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwesibambela kungaba yingozi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubonana nodokotela, nemvume yakhe yokusebenzisa.
Izici eziwusizo nezilimazayo ze-sweeteners kuxoxwa ngazo kule vidiyo kulesi sihloko.
