Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo esisehlelweni, okuthi, ngeshwa, singakwazi ukuqeda. Ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kubonakaliswa ushukela wegazi ophakeme, othinta ukusebenza kwazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo zangaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, imiphumela yesifo sikashukela ingahluka kakhulu, futhi incike kakhulu esimweni esivamile sesiguli nasekuqalisweni okuthembekile kwako konke ukuncoma okunikezwe udokotela.
Izimo ezimbi
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane nakwabesilisa, ubungozi bezimo ezimbi kakhulu ziphezulu. Futhi manje asikhulumi ngokuvela kwezifo ezikhona lesi sifo esiholela kuzo, kepha lezo zimo eziholela ekufeni ngemizuzu nje namahora. Futhi izimo ezinjalo yilezi:
- ketoacidosis;
- i-hypoglycemia;
- hyperglycemia
I-Ketoocytosis yisimo esibonakaliswa ukwanda kokuxineka kwemizimba ye-ketone egazini, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokungazi futhi ukwephulwa okungazelelwe kokusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi, kufaka phakathi ubuchopho. Izici ezahlukahlukene zingavusa i-ketoocytosis, kepha okuvame kakhulu kuzo yile:
- amaphutha ezondlekeni;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa;
- ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- ukulimala.
Njengoba wazi, ushukela unezinhlobo ezimbili - uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2. I-ketoocytosis ngokukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kubantu besifazane nabesilisa kuyaqabukela kakhulu. Imvamisa, lesi simo sibhekana neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Yini ubungozi be-ketoocytosis?
Into ekhona ukuthi ngokuthuthuka kwayo, amangqamuzana obuchopho ayathinteka. Bayayeka ukusebenza, okuholela kumphumela obulalayo. Futhi kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthola isikhathi salesi simo ukuvimbela ubunzima.
Futhi kuqala ukuzibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukuntuleka kokudla;
- iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni;
- ukucwilisa isikhumba;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- ukuchama njalo;
- ukwazi okungaphelele;
- unxantathu wasesinabial ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula
- ubuthakathaka
- ukuzindla kwenhliziyo.
Indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-ketoocytosis
Enye into eyingozi ngokulingana nesifo sikashukela yi-hypoglycemia, ebonakala ngokuncipha okukhulu koshukela wegazi. Kungadalwa yizici ezinjengokubhema, imithamo ewedlulele ye-insulin noma izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala nokuzivocavoca ngokweqile.
I-Hypoglycemia iboniswa isithombe somtholampilo esimenyezelwe, esifaka izimpawu ezinjalo:
Isifo sikashukela sikashukela nemiphumela yaso- ukulahleka kwengqondo;
- imilenze emincane;
- ukuthuthumela emzimbeni;
- ukuntuleka kokuphendula kwabafundi ekukhanyeni;
- ukuzindla kwenhliziyo;
- ukukhuphuka kokujuluka;
- ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, njll.
Ingozi ye-hypoglycemia ukuthi ingaholela ku-hypoglycemic coma. Lesi simo sibonisa "ukunqanyulwa" kwengqondo nokufa kancane kancane kwamaseli obuchopho. Bangaphezu kwama-20% abanesifo sikashukela abafa minyaka yonke ngenxa ye-hypoglycemic coma, ababenganikezwa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi noma ngesikhathi lapho i-hypoglycemia yayisanda kuqala ukwenzeka.
Ushukela omncane wegazi uholela ku-hypoglycemia, ephezulu - kuya ku-hyperglycemia
I-Hyperglycemia, kanye ne-hypoglycemia, yisimo esiyingozi kumuntu onesifo sikashukela, kuphela ngokuthuthuka kwayo akukho ukwehla, kepha ukwanda okukhulu kweshukela legazi. Lokhu, futhi, kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa komzimba, kuphela i-hyperglycemic. Kuyabonakala ngokuqhamuka kwama-pathologies ahlukahlukene wezitho zangaphakathi nokufa.
Futhi, uma ubheka imiphumela yesifo sikashukela, umuntu ngeke ehluleke ukusho eminye imibandela emibili edinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Futhi lokhu:
- i-hyperosmolar coma;
- i-lactocidotic coma.
I-hyperosmolar coma ibonakala ngokwanda kweshukela egazini kanye namazinga e-sodium, okuholela ekuphelelwa ngumzimba, okungaholela nasekufeni. I-hyperosmolar coma ivela ngomlomo owomile, ukoma okungagculiseki, ukuchama kaningi kanye nokwenyuka komthamo wansuku zonke womchamo osuswe.
I-lactic acidosis yisimo esibi lapho ukuqongelela ngokweqile kwe-lactic acid kwenzeka egazini. Izici ezibangela ukukhula kwayo yizifo ezahlukahlukene zesistimu yezinhliziyo nezinso (lezi zitho nezinhlelo zilimele ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela). I-Lactocidotic coma ivela nezimpawu ezinjengokwehluleka ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula komoya nesiyezi. Isimo somtholampilo singafakelwa nezimpawu ze-hypotension, ukungabi nesifiso sokuchama.
Izinkinga ezifika ngemuva kwesikhathi
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, imiphumela yesifo sikashukela emadodeni nakwabesifazane ingahluka kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo, kukhona nalezo ezakhiwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eminingana. Ukubukeka kwabo kwandisa isimo sesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nokugcinwa okujwayelekile kwezincomo zikadokotela akubavikeli abanesifo sikashukela.
Phakathi kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela esezadlula, okuvame kakhulu yi-retinopathy, ebonakala ngomonakalo we-retina. Imvamisa kwenzeka kakhulu ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kepha ngokuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, i-retinopathy nayo iyatholakala, kepha esikhathini esiningi lesi sifo singaphansi kweminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu.
Izinhlobo ze-retinopathy
Ingozi ye-retinopathy ukuthi ingaholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kombono. Ngalesi sizathu, kunconywa kubo bonke abantu abanesifo sikashukela, ngaphandle kokuthola izivivinyo zokutholwa ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo njalo ezinyangeni ezi-4-6. Ukutholwa ngesikhathi esifanele kwenkinga kuzovikela ukulahleka kombono futhi kugcine iminyaka eminingi.
Esinye isimo esikhula nenkambo ende yesifo sikashukela yi-angiopathy. Kubonakala ngokuncipha kwephimbo le-vascular, ngenxa yalokho ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi nama-capillaries kunciphisa, ngenxa yalokho iba yiziquphe nezihlakala. I-Angiopathy ivame ukuholela ekwakhekeni kwezigaxana zegazi emithanjeni nasekuthuthukiseni i-atherosulinosis, okungeke kwalapheka ekwelashweni.
I-Polyneuropathy nayo ingenye yezinkinga ezedlule zesifo sikashukela, esibonakala ngokuncipha kokuzwela kwezinyawo namaphethelo aphansi. Njengomphumela wokukhula kwe-polyneuropathy, umuntu uyeka ukuzizwa engathinti kuphela futhi nemizwa ebuhlungu, kodwa futhi futhi weqa ngokushisa. Ingaziveza ngokuvumelanayo emikhawulweni ephansi nangaphezulu. I-Polyneuropathy ikhula hhayi kuphela kubantu abadala, kodwa futhi nasezinganeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
I-Polyneuropathy ibonakala ngomonakalo ekuphethweni kwezinzwa.
Izimpawu zokuqala zokuthuthuka kwe-polyneuropathy ukuqwasha futhi umuzwa ovuthayo emilenzeni, obuye ubizwe kakhulu ebusuku. Ngenxa yokuncipha kancane kokuzwela, ubungozi bokulimala banda kakhulu, ngoba umuntu akazizwa ebuhlungu noma ekushiseni. Angazigwaza noma azishise anganakile. Futhi uma sibheka iqiniso lokuthi ngesifo sikashukela, ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi kuvame ukugcwala, amathuba okukhula kwe-gangrene ayanda.
Ngendlela, ingavela nenkinga efana nonyawo lwesifo sikashukela. Ukuthuthukiswa kwaso kukhula ngotshwala, ukukhulelwa, ukungondleki kanye namaphutha wokudla okujwayelekile. Ngokukhula konyawo lwesifo sikashukela, izilonda ezisesicathuni, kuvela amathumba we-purulent ebusweni bemilenze, kanye nezindawo ezingaphansi kwenqubo ye-necrotic.
Ngenxa yalokhu, abanesifo sikashukela abadingi nje ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuhlanzeka kwabo, kodwa futhi benomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu wokusondela ekukhetheni izicathulo. Kufanele kuthambe futhi kube ntofontofo, ngaphakathi akumele kube khona umthungo noma ezinye izinto ezingacindezela izinyawo futhi zivuse ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Imiphumela engapheli
Ekhuluma ngezinkinga isifo sikashukela ezigcwala kuso, umuntu ngeke athi kodwa ngokuthuthuka kwe-pathologies engamahlalakhona, nakho okungaholela ekufeni kancane kancane. Sikhuluma nge-lesion ephelele yohlelo lwe-vascular, izicubu zomchamo, isikhumba kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwabo kungavinjelwa kuphela esimweni esisodwa, uma unamathela njalo ezincomweni zikadokotela futhi uthathe izifundo zokwelashwa ngendlela esheshayo.
Lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka, ngenxa yalokho amaseli nezicubu zomzimba ziqala ukuzwa indlala ye-oksijini, okuholela ekukhuleni kwezinye izifo, ezingaba yingozi kangako. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokujikeleza kwegazi okungahambi kahle, ubungozi obukhulu be-thrombosis noma i-atherosclerosis, amathuba okukhula kwe-myocardial infarction kanye nesifo sohlangothi sikhuphuka.
Kubalulekile ukubheka njalo amazinga kashukela wegazi futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuwamisa, ngoba ukuphela kwendlela yokugwema izinkinga zesifo sikashukela
Ukwehluleka kwezinhlungu okungamahlalakhona futhi kungumngane ojwayelekile wabanesifo sikashukela, ngoba ushukela wegazi ophakeme uthinta ukuzwela kwama-rebu tubules esenzweni sama-hormone akhiqizwa indlala ye-adrenal.
Ukuvela kwezilonda zetrophic nezinye izilonda zesikhumba kungumphumela wenqubo yokuphinda uvuseleleke kabusha. Umsebenzi wohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi futhi lubuthaka kakhulu kushukela, okubangelwa nokuhamba kwegazi okulimazayo kanye nokuba khona kwendlala ye-oksijini emangqamuzaneni obuchopho. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanesifo sikashukela bathambekele ekuziphatheni okungafanele, ulaka, ukunganaki nakwizimo ezicindezelayo. Ngokuphikisana nalesi sizinda, kukhona ukwehla komsebenzi wengqondo kanye nokwephulwa kokuxineka.
Isifo sikashukela nokukhulelwa
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus asigcini ngokumelana nemvelaphi yengozi noma ukungondleki, kepha futhi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kulokhu, kuthiwa isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Iphinde ibe namazinga kashukela egazi futhi ingaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Okokuqala, lezi zingozi ezinkulu zokuthola isifo sikashukela kanye nesifo sikashukela enganeni, kanti okwesibili, lo mbungu ukhuluphele, okuthinta kabi impilo yakhe nenqubo yokuzalwa (izinsana ezinkulu zivame ukuba ne-gust ezinzima kanye nokopha kakhulu) .
Futhi ukukhuluma ngezinkinga ezingavela ngesikhathi sesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufanele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi uma lesi sifo siqala ukwenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, kungahle kube nokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukukhula kwe-pathologies ebucayi ethinta ubuchopho kanye inhliziyo.
Ukugwema izingqinamba ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokuqinile zonke izincomo zikadokotela futhi unamathele ekudleni okune-carb ephansi
Uma lokhu kugula kungatholakali ngokushesha noma owesifazane enqaba ukuthatha umuthi, khona-ke lokhu kungavusa ukubonakala kwesifo sokuqina kwesifo sikashukela esibelethweni, esibonakaliswa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingane kancane kancane
Isifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa siyingozi kakhulu, ngoba kuleli cala alithinti kuphela isimo sowesifazane, kodwa futhi nempilo yengane yakhe engakazalwa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi uqaphe njalo izinga likashukela egazini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma ngabe ukutholwa bekungakaqinisekiswa futhi uzizwa wenelisekile impela. Khumbula ukuthi ukutholwa kanye nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kwalesi sifo kungavimba ukwanda kwezinkinga kuwe nengane yakho engakazalwa.
