Uma sibheka izifo zamanyikwe, inqubo yokuvuvukala kanye ne-pancreatitis kuphela kungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuphefumula nokuhlaselwa umkhuhlane, okwenza isiguli sifune usizo lodokotela ngokushesha.
Ungahlola kanjani amanyikwe? Ngokuxilongwa, odokotela banquma indlela yokuhlolwa kwesiguli, izivivinyo zaselebhu, izindlela zokuxilonga ezingelusizo. Ungaqhubeka nokuqokwa kokwelashwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela.
Ungahlola kanjani indlala nge-palpation, ukuhlola
Ukuze ulondoloze impilo, ukuze uzivikele ekulimaleni kwesitho, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungawahlola kanjani ama-pancreas. Kubalulekile ukunaka izinhlungu zokudonsa isikhathi eside eduze kwenkaba, esiswini engenhla ngakwesobunxele, ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla, ukuncipha kwesisindo, isifutho se-foamy esixegayo nephunga le-fetid.
Ezinye izinkomba zalesi sifo zizofaka: izikelezi ezincibilikisiwe, ukujuluka, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile emzimbeni, umuzwa ongapheli wendlala, abafundi abahlisiwe, ukoma, isikhumba esomile kanye ne-profuse, ukuchama kaningi.
Isiguli kufanele sixwayiswe ngokuvela okungazelelwe kwama-rashes abomvu esikhunjeni sesisu, ubuso nesifuba, futhi kungabuye kube nokuqina ngokweqile noma ukuphakama kwelebula. Kwezinye iziguli ezine-pancreatitis, kukhona:
- umbala ompunga wobuso;
- imibuthano eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwamehlo;
- imifantu kulwelwesi lwe-mucous lwezindebe.
Ngokuvamile ukubonakaliswa kwesimo se-pathological kukhona i-foliation yezipikili, ukulahleka kwezinwele.
Ukuvuvukala nobunzima kungavela ngakwesobunxele ngaphansi kobambo, okukhonjiswa yizinhlungu lapho kucindezelwa ngeminwe.
Ucwaningo lwelebhu
Lapho isiguli sithola usizo lukadokotela, ngemuva kokuhlolwa okubukwayo, uma kunesidingo, udokotela unquma ukuthi ayohlolwa ama-pancreas. Okokuqala, udinga ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile, lapho kunenqubo yokuvuvukala, ucwaningo luzokhombisa ukwanda kwesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), i-leukocytosis, ne-neutrophils ephakeme.
Ngama-neoplasms angama-benign ne-malignant, i-anemia iyabonakala, ukwanda kwenani lamaplatelet. Ngokwengeziwe, uzodinga ukuhlola i-heestasis, uqhube i-coagulogram.
Okunye ukuhlaziya okubalulekile kuzoba i-biochemistry yegazi, uma kunezinkinga zezempilo, izinga le-protein-C esebenzayo likhuphuka, ukwehla kwamaprotheni kuyabonakala. Uma isifo sikashukela sikhula, inani le-urea legazi liyehla, bese kuthi i-creatinine, inyuke. Lapho umzimba unethumba elonakalisayo lamanyikwe, i-cholesterol ephelele yegazi inyuka ngokushesha.
Ukuhlaziywa okubaluleke kakhulu kuzoba ukutadisha kwama-enzymes e-pancreatic emchameni nasegazini:
- lipase;
- i-amylase;
- isoenzymes.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinhloso zokuxilonga, kuboniswa ukunikela ngegazi kuma-oncological markers, iphrofayili ye-hormonal (glucagon, insulin), izinkomba ze-glycemia (ukuhlolwa koshukela, ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose). Ukuhlola i-glucagon kuyadingeka esimweni esibi nesinzima sesiguli, kufaka phakathi i-hypoglycemic coma kanye nenqubo yokuvuvukala.
Ukuhlolwa kufaka ukulethwa komchamo, ukwephulwa kuyabonakala ngisho nangokubona. Ngakho-ke, umbala omnyama womchamo ukhombisa i-jaundice yemishini ebangelwa ukucindezela kwe-bile duct ejwayelekile, ukuvuvukala kwekhanda le-pancreas. Nge-pancreatitis, usizi lomchamo luyancipha, ngesifo sikashukela, kuvela izidumbu ze-ketone ezintweni ezibonakalayo.
Ukunqunywa kokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwama-pancreas kudinga ukufundwa kwezindunduma, udinga ukuhlola iphesenti lemicu yemisipha engafakwanga, i-lipids engathathi hlangothi.
Ilabhorethri isetha izinga le-enzyme ye-E1, izinto ze-chymotrypsin, futhi ihlaziya umsebenzi we-exocrine wesitho.
Izindlela zokuhlonza izinsimbi
Udokotela uncoma ukuthi isiguli sihlolelwe i-computer (i-CT), i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), i-ultrasound yama-pancreas - lokhu kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuba khona kwezinguquko ezihlelekile kwezicubu ze-gland nesibindi. Izindlela zensimbi zenza kube nokwenzeka ukubona ama-cystic neoplasms namatshe ku-gallbladder, ducts, usayizi womsila, ekhanda nomzimba wepancreas, isibindi, nenyongo. I-Ultrasound ikhombisa ukugoba okusebenzayo nokuvinjelwa ku-gallbladder.
I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) iyadingeka; indlela isiza ekunqumeni isilinganiso sokuvinjwa kwama-ducts we-bile kanye ne-pancreatic. Ukutadisha okuyisisekelo ekwakhiweni kwezimo ze-pathological zethumbu lokugaya yi-fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS), indlela isiza ukubheka ukuvuvukala kanye ne-peptic ulcer yesisu, duodenum.
Ukubona ubukhona be-metastases kuma-neoplasms, amatshe amakhulu kwizicucu ze-bile, umuntu kufanele futhi abhekane nesifuba se-x-ray.
Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela uzokwazi ukuhlola isimo samanyikwe, anikeze ukwelashwa okwanele.
Ungazilungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa
Noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kufanele kuthathwe ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho, ngaphambi kocwaningo, udokotela uncoma ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ukubhema, ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba.
Ngaphambi kokuqoqa umchamo, kubalulekile ukwenza indlu yangasese ehlanzekile yezitho zangasese zangasese, ingxenye yokuqala yomchamo ayithathiwanga, kubalulekile ukuthatha isampula maphakathi nokuchama. Umchamo uqoqwa ezitsheni eziyinyumba, athengiswa ekhemisi.
Ngaphambi kokuxilongwa, kuyadingeka ukukhipha ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunamafutha, imifino ekhanyayo nezithelo, ngoba ziyakwazi ukushintsha umbala womchamo. Odokotela babuye beluleke ngokuthatha imishanguzo noma amavithamini.
Izinsuku ezintathu zenqaba ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokudla engavusa ukwakheka kwegesi ngokweqile:
- uphizi
- ubhontshisi;
- ubisi lonke.
I-Flatulence inganciphisa ukunemba nokuqukethwe kolwazi kwe-Ultra; ukunqwabelana kwamagesi kuzokwenza nzima kakhulu ama-pancreas. Cishe ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, ukubonwa kwe-sorbent kukhonjisiwe, kungaba ikhabhoni evamile eyenziwe isebenze, iLactulose noma iPolysorb. Lesi sincomo sisebenza kakhulu lapho kuchazwe ukuqunjelwa.
Ungakwengeza kanjani ukwelashwa ngezindlela zabantu
Ekhaya, ngemuva kokuxilongwa, akulimazi ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlolwe isikhathi eside. Kepha kubalulekile ukuxhumanisa ukwelashwa okunjalo nodokotela wakho, ngoba amanye amakhambi okwelapha akahambelani nemithi futhi anganciphisa ukusebenza kwawo.
Izitshalo zisiza ukuguquguqula ukusebenza kwemfihlo kwama-pancreas: i-anise, i-knotweed, i-wort yase-St. I-stigmas yommbila, i-mint, i-dandelion, i-violet enemibala emithathu, i-yellow gentian. Ungasusa ama-spasms we-ducts we-excretory ngosizo lwe-oregano, i-dieelle, i-mamawort, i-valerian, i-pharmacy chamomile, i-peppermint.
Lapho izivivinyo ziqinisekisa uhlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, udokotela angakucebisa ukuthi usebenzise i-kupena, i-linden, i-chicory, i-licorice kanye ne-wort yase-St.
Imininingwane nge-pancreatitis engapheli inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
