Ukuhlolwa kwe-pancreatitis kuyadingeka ukuthola isifo esinokwethenjelwa. Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kufaka izindlela ezahlukahlukene: elebhu, i-ultrasound yesibindi ne-bile ducts, i-radiography, i-biochemistry, i-FGDS, i-laparoscopy, njll.
Kukhona eziningi kakhulu zazo ukuthi iziguli zinombuzo wokuthi yini izivivinyo okufanele zibe yi-pancreatitis.
Konke kuya ngesimo se-pathology - esingamahlalakhona noma esibuhlungu. Hlobo luni locwaningo isiguli okudingeka adlule kulo lunqunywa udokotela ohambele lo msebenzi.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-pancreatitis
Izibalo ezidumazayo zibonisa ukuthi ukwanda kwe-pancreatitis engxenyeni eyedlule edlule kukhule ngezikhathi ezi-2. Ama-pancreas, ngaphezu kwama-hormone, akhiqiza ujusi we-pancreatic - ama-enzyme akhethekile aphula ama-molecule ayinkimbinkimbi amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate namafutha.
Imvamisa, bangena e-duodenum. Ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqalwa kwejusi le-pancreatic esakhiweni uqobo. Ngakho-ke, izicubu ze-gland ziqala ukugaywa, kwesinye isikhathi okuholela ku-necrosis ngokuphelele - i-pancreatic necrosis.
I-pancreatitis ku-50% yamacala akhula ngenxa yokuphuza ngokweqile. Futhi, izici ezandisa ubungozi be-pathology kungaba izifo ezehlukene, ukungondleki, ukulimala kwe-cholelithiasis kanye nokulimala kwesisu.
Lesi sifo singenzeka ngesimo esibi futhi esingamahlalakhona.
Izimpawu ze-pancreatitis eyingozi zibizwa ngokuthi:
- Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu, kwesinye isikhathi ubhande;
- ubulungu kanye nokuxaka;
- imalaveve nokukhubazeka okujwayelekile;
- izikhathi zokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo kanye nokuhlanza okungalethi impumuzo;
- isifo sohudo esijwayelekile esihlanganiswa ne-mucus kanye nemfucumfucu yokudla engafakwanga.
Kwi-pancreatitis engapheli, izimpawu ezingenhla azihambi ekuqhamukeni futhi zisuse ukubonakaliswa. Njengomthetho, ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology, umuntu uzwa izinhlungu ngemuva kokudla. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isithombe somtholampilo siba sobala.
Uma kuvela izimpawu ze-pancreatitis, kufanele ufune usizo lodokotela ngokushesha. Udokotela osesiswini, ngemuva kokuqoqa i-anamnesis, uzobeka izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze ahlolwe ngokunembile.
Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kuzonqunywa.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwemitholampilo nangama-biochemical
Indima ebalulekile ngaphambi kokulethwa kwe-biomaterial ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa. Izincomo eziphambili ukuyeka utshwala, itiye elinamandla nekhofi, ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngokulinganisela nokulala kahle.
Imiphumela yokuhlola ingathinteka ngemithi efana ne-ascorbic acid neparacetamol. Uma, ngaphambi nje kocwaningo, udinga ukuhlolwa nge-ultrasound, i-x-ray noma i-physiotherapy, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukuhlolwa. Igazi lithathwa ekuseni.
Ekuqaleni, uchwepheshe kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi izisusa zokuvuvukala zikhona emzimbeni wesiguli. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi komtholampilo kwe-pancreatitis. Inendima yesibili, ngoba ayikwazi ukuthola lapho ukuvuvukala kwesitho kwenzeka khona.
Izinkomba ezilandelayo zifakazela inqubo ye-pathological:
- Ukwehla kwe-hemoglobin nokubalwa kweseli elibomvu kungumphumela wokuphuma kwegazi noma i-hemorrhage.
- Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-hematocrit ngenxa yokulinganisela okuphazamisekile kwamanzi-electrolyte.
- Ukwanda kwesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR).
- Izikhathi eziningi zikhuphula ukuqina kwamaseli wegazi elimhlophe.
I-biochemistry yegazi ku-pancreatitis inendima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yalolu cwaningo, uchwepheshe uyakwazi ukubona isimo somzimba jikelele.
Nge-pancreatitis, isithombe esilandelayo siphawulwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi:
- ukukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-bilirubin, i-bilirubin iyingxenye ye-bile, inani lazo likhuphuka lapho imivimbo ye-bile ivinjiwe;
- amazinga aphakeme we-amylase, i-amylase - i-enzyme ekhethekile ye-pancreatic echitha isitashi;
- ushukela wegazi ophakeme (ngaphezu kwe-5.5 mmol / l), i-pancreas ayikwazi ukukhiqiza inani elidingekayo le-insulin, Ngakho-ke, izinga likashukela osegazini lihlala likhuphuka;
- ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwama-enzyme anjenge-elastase, trypsin, transaminase, lipase ne-phospholipase;
Ngaphezu kwalokho amaprotheni aphelele aphansi ngenxa yendlala yamaphrotheni. Okujwayelekile ngu-64-86 g / l.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fecal
Ukuhlaziywa kwezindimbane ku-pancreatitis, okungakhombisa ukuvuvukala kwesitho, kuyafaneleka.
Njengoba inani elidingekayo lama-enzymes wokugaya alingene emathunjini, inqubo yokugaya ukudla inzima kakhulu. Okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza ekudleni okunamafutha.
Ukubonakala kwesihlalo kuhluke kakhulu kunempilo.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-pancreatitis yilezi:
- Izindunduma zeKashitsheobrazny.
- Ukuba khona kwamafutha kuyo.
- Izinhlayiya ezingakhanjwanga.
- Iphunga elixakile nelibi.
- Umbala onsundu okhanyayo noma onsundu.
Isizathu sokushintsha kwesimo samanyala ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni angalungisiwe emgodini wesisu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indle ithola indawo ecwebezelayo, futhi kunzima ukuyigeza ezindongeni zangasese.
Imvamisa yokuya endlini yangasese "ngendlela enkulu" yanda kakhulu. Isifo sohudo siyanda ezimweni lapho isiguli sidla khona ukudla okukugaya okuqinile - amaswidi, ukugcinwa, ukudla okunamafutha kanye okufakwayo.
Njengamanje, ukuhlaziywa kwe-stool ukunquma i-pathology kusetshenziswa kancane futhi kuncane.
Manje kusebenza kahle ukushaya, lapho kuthathwa khona ujusi we-pancreatic.
Ukuhlola imiphumela yokuhlolwa komchamo
Ukutadisha umchamo kuyafundisa impela. Ukulethwa kwe-biomaterial kwenziwa ekuseni, okwesibili kuhlolwe umchamo kungakapheli amahora angama-24. Iziguli eziningi zizama ukucacisa ngokuzimela ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlaziya isho ukuthini, kepha udokotela kuphela ongabhekana nokuhunyushwa kwayo.
Umchamo womuntu ophilile uphuzi ngombala ophuzi. Umbala wokugcwala umchamo ungaba umphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso noma i-pathology yohlelo lokugaya ukudla.
Ukugcwaliswa kwamafu kwe-biomaterial kukhombisa ubukhona be-pus kuwo. Imvamisa, umchamo kufanele uhlale ubonakale. Uma ama-neoplasms akhula kumanyikwe, lokhu kukhombisa ukunqwabelana okuphezulu kwe-bilirubin kumchamo.
Ukuba khona kwe-glucose kuluketshezi kungakhombisa izifo eziningi. Kulokhu, isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, i-pancreatitis esebenzayo, kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinso. Imvamisa, umchamo awunayo i-glucose noma ukugcwala kwayo kungeqi ku-0,02%.
IHemoglobin nayo ayitholakali kumchamo womuntu ophilile. Ukuba khona kwayo kuwubufakazi bokudakwa okukhulu, izifo ezithathelwanayo okuhlala isikhathi eside noma i-hypothermia.
Ngobuhlungu besisu, kuthathwa ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuthola ubukhona be-diastase, i-enzyme echitha ama-carbohydrate.
Okujwayelekile kumuntu omdala akumele kube ngaphezu kwama-64 amayunithi.
Ezinye izindlela zokuthola i-pancreatitis
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwe ngamakhemikhali nangama-biochemical ekusebenzeni kwezokwelapha, kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela zokuthola i-pancreatitis.
Ukukhonjwa kwe-trypsin engasebenzi. Ukucacisa akudluli ku-40%, ngakho-ke le ndlela yokuxilonga ayisetshenziswa kaningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kumacala angama-60% umphumela omuhle uwubufakazi bokukhula kwamanye ama-pathologies. Isibonelo, i-cholecystitis, i-hypercorticism, ukwehluleka kanye nokuhluleka kwezinso.
Ukunqunywa kwe-trypsinogen kumchamo. Le ndlela iyazwela futhi iyafundisa, ngoba nge-pancreatitis, umchamo uhlala unefomu elingasebenzi le-enypme ye-trypsin. Kodwa-ke, isetshenziswa kakhulu kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme.
Ukukhonjwa kokuqukethwe kwama-trypsin inhibitors egazini. Uma siphansi lesi sikhombisi, kulapho kuthinta khona amanyikwe.
Ukunquma ukuvuvukala kwesitho, udokotela angakunikeza izindlela ezilandelayo ezinamandla:
- i-radiography ye-duodenum;
- I-Ultrasound ye-bile duct noma isibindi;
- i-laparoscopy
- i-fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS), njll.
Kungemva kokuxilongwa kuphela, isazi esichaza ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinjenge-antispasmodics, m-anticholinergics, H2-blockers, agents enzymatic, probiotics (Bifidium), njll. Ngezinhloso ezisizayo, amakhambi okwelapha asetshenziswa ngamanyikwe asengasetshenziswa.
Ungathatha izivivinyo zombili endaweni yamahhala neyilebhu ekhokhelwayo. Uma isimo sezezimali sesiguli sikuvumela ukuba uhlolwe ekhokhelwayo, kungcono ufune usizo endaweni yangasese, ezokunikeza imiphumela ethembekile.
Izindlela ze-etiology nezindlela zokuxilonga i-pancreatitis zixoxwa kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
