Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwesifo sikashukela kufanele kuthathwe ngokuhlelekile. Ngakho-ke, ungabheka lonke ushintsho ezinso nakwezinye izitho zangaphakathi.
Lapho uhlola umchamo, i-hyperglycemia, ehambisana nesifo sikashukela, ingatholakala. Lapho kukhona isifo esinjalo, ukuba khona kwamaprotheni ne-acetone emchini kufanele kuhlolwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziya umchamo kashukela kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ukwephulwa ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo futhi kuveze ukuthi izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni wesiguli zenzeka kanjani. Ngempela, ngokwezibalo, ama-45% abantu abanesifo sikashukela banezinkinga zezinso.
Lapho i-glycemia inyuka, izinso azikwazi ukubamba ushukela omningi, yingakho usemchameni. Ngasikhathi sinye, 1 g ushukela oncibilikisiwe kumchamo ususa cishe u-14 g wetshezi emzimbeni, ngenxa yalokho umuntu abalelwa ukoma, njengoba edinga ukubuyisela ukulingana kwamanzi. Ushukela omningi okhishwa emchameni, uqina ukoma, futhi amangqamuzana awazukuthola amandla adingekayo.
Kungani umchamo kufanele uhlolwe isifo sikashukela
Ngaphezu kwe-glucose, ukuhlaziya ushukela emchameni kuphinde kuveze izifo zezinso, ubukhona babo buboniswa ngokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni omchamo.
Le nto ibizwa ngokuthi yi-microalbuminuria, eba lapho i-albhamuin isuka egazini 
ukugeleza kungena ngomchamo. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, ukuvuza kwamaprotheni kungaholela ekwehlulekeni okuqhubekayo kwezinso.
Umchamo wesifo sikashukela kufanele uhlolwe njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amaprotheni akusona kuphela izinkomba ezingatholakala ngokudlula kokuhlolwa komchamo. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela isiza ekuboneni izinkinga ezivelayo kuhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlola kuhlola izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- Izici zomzimba (ukucacisa, ukucaca, umbala);
- izakhiwo zamakhemikhali (i-acidity);
- amandla athile okuchama (anquma ukuthi zingakanani izinso ezikwazi ukugxilisa umchamo);
- ukuduleka komchamo (kuvumela ukubona ukuvuvukala ohlelweni lomchamo);
- imizimba ye-ketone, amaprotheni, ushukela - okweqile kwalezi zinto kukhombisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, futhi ukuba khona kwe-acetone kukhombisa ukubola kwesifo sikashukela, futhi lesi simo sihambisana nokunambitheka kwe-acetone emlonyeni.
Uma kunesidingo, kwenziwa ukuhlaziya ukuze kutholakale ukugcwala kwe-diastase kumchamo. Le enzyme ikhiqizwa ama-pancreas, futhi ibuye yephule nama-carbohydrate (isitashi). Iqoqo elikhuphukile lama-diastases libonisa ubukhona be-pancreatitis.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemichilo yokuhlola
Imichilo elahlekayo yokunquma ushukela esenzweni somchamo ngesisekelo se-enzymatic reaction (peroxidase, glucose oxidase), phakathi nenkathi lapho umbala wenzwa, okungukuthi, inkomba yenkomba, ushintsha.
Imichilo yokuhlola ukuthola ushukela ingasetjenziswa zombili kwezokwelapha nasekhaya. Zisetshenziselwa ukuthola izinga ushukela emchameni wengane nomuntu omdala onesifo sikashukela kanye nokunye ukwehluleka kwe-metabolic.
Usebenzisa i-pyocotest, unganquma inani le-glucose kumchamo, ulawule izinga le-glycemia, ulungise ekudleni nenqubo yokwelashwa. Futhi, izinzuzo ezifanayo zingatholakala ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose noma ngokusebenzisa imichilo yephepha le-Uriskan.
Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi le ndlela yokuthola i-glucosuria inikeza imiphumela ebonakalayo. Kepha ngale ndlela kulula ukuhlaziya njengomchamo ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, esivimbela ukubotshwa ngomunwe. Yize ukuthola umphumela onembe kakhulu, kusadingeka usebenzise i-glucotest ukukala ushukela wegazi noma usebenzise i-glucometer.
Ukuze kubuye kukhishwe imiphumela yokuhlolwa komchamo kwe-glucose ukuze ithembeke, akudingekile ukuba nolwazi olukhethekile lwezokwelapha, kodwa kusakufanelekela ukulandela eminye imithetho. Ukuqala, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukuthola i-glucose kumchamo, ungasebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola ngezindlela ezintathu - Cha. 25, 50, 100. Zigcwele insimbi, ipulasitiki, noma enye ishubhu yengilazi.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, imichilo engama-50 yanele isiguli ngenyanga. Imichilo yokuhlola, kufaka ne-Uriskan, ifakwa kwiphakethe lamakhadibhodi lapho kuneshubhu elinemichilo engama-50 kanye nepheshana.
Esikhathini esiningi imichilo, inzwa ye-glucose iphuzi. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwalo kanye nezinto zalo kungahluka.
Umbala wephepha ushintsha ngaphansi kwethonya lokuhlushwa ushukela. Uma i-glucose ingatholakali, khona-ke isithunzi sensor sihlala siphuzi. Lapho umchamo umnandi, inkomba ithola umbala omnyama oluhlaza okotshani.
I-glucose ephezulu yokuchama emgqeni wokuhlola ngu-112 mmol / L. Imiphumela izokwaziwa ngaphakathi kweminithi elingu-1 ngemuva kokufaka umchamo enkombeni.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhunyushwa kokuhlaziywa kohlobo 2 noma uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela kungahle kungalungile uma:
- isitsha esisetshenziselwa ukuqoqa umchamo sasigezwa kahle;
- isampula iqukethe izidakamizwa;
- umchamo uqukethe i-ascorbic noma i-gentisic acid;
Ukuba khona kweshukela kumchamo kungakhonjiswa ngobuningi obukhulu bomchamo ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, lapho i-10 g / l ye-glucose inyusa amandla athize omchamo ngo-0,004. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile zemichilo yokuhlola enesikhombisi esehlukile esikuvumela ukuthi unqume amandla athile omchamo. Kodwa-ke, intengo yazo iphakeme impela, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukuthi uzisebenzise kuphela ekunqumeni ushukela kumchamo.
Izindleko zemichilo yokuvivinya ingahluka - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-115 kuye kwangama-1260.
Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlolwa komchamo ushukela nokuchazwa kwazo
Ngokwengeziwe imichilo yokuhlola, kanye ezinyangeni ezi-6 kuyadingeka ukuthatha ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile komchamo ushukela, ikakhulukazi ngohlobo 1 sikashukela. Ucwaningo olunjalo lubandakanya isethi yokuhlolwa kwelebhu lapho ukwakheka nezinye izakhiwo zomchamo kunqunywa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis yesifo sikashukela ezinganeni kuvame ukufaka ukucwaninga kwevolumu yansuku zonke yomchamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umchamo oqoqwe kungakapheli amahora angama-24 kuyalulekwa futhi ukuwusebenzisa lapho usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola, ezonikeza imiphumela efanelekile.
Futhi, ukuzimisela ushukela kumchamo kungenziwa ngokwendlela yeNechiporenko. Le yinqubo efundisa kakhulu lapho, ngaphandle koshukela, ama-leukocytes, ama-enzyme, amasilinda kanye nama-ketones kutholakala umchamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwalesi umchamo wamuva kuwuphawu lwe-ketonuria kushukela. Lesi simo singahambisana nokunambitheka kwe-acetone emlonyeni.
Uma kunesidingo, udokotela anga-oda ukuhlolwa kwengilazi ezintathu. Lokhu kuhlola kukuvumela ukuthi unqume ubukhona bokuvuvukala ohlelweni lomchamo nokukhomba indawo ethile yendawo eyenziwe kuyo.
Ukuchaza ukuhlaziya okujwayelekile komchamo womuntu onempilo:
- Ukuchama komchamo okhombisa isimo sezinso - okujwayelekile kubantu abadala ngu-1.012 g / l-1022 g / l.
- ukutheleleka, amaprotheni, ama-parasites, ushukela, isikhunta, i-hemoglobin, usawoti, amasilinda kanye ne-bilirubin akukho.
- Umbala weketshezi uvela sobala; awunamizwa.
Esikhathini sikashukela i-mellitus ekuhlaziyeni komchamo kunokuntuleka kwe-hemoglobin, urobilinogen, usawoti kanye nemizimba ye-ketone. Kodwa-ke, ngokubola kweshukela, i-acetone ingahle itholakale esigulini, okubonisa i-ketonuria, futhi enquma ukunambitheka kwe-acetone emlonyeni.
Umchamo kwabashukela ushukela ophuzi obonakalayo, onephunga elizwelayo. Izinga le-acidity yalo lisuka ku-4 liye ku-7.
Amaprotheni kumchamo kufanele angabikho. Kepha phambi kokulimala kwezinso ne-proteinuria, izinga layo lisukela ku-30 liye kuma-300 mg ngosuku.
Lapho kunxephezelwa ukugula, i-glucose kumchamo ayibhekwa, kepha nge-hyperglycemia enzima, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-glucosuria ngesifo sikashukela kungenzeka.
Ngokuphathelene nama-diastases, okujwayelekile kwabo ngu-1-17 u / h. Lesi sikhombisi sibonisa umsebenzi wama-enzyme e-pancreatic. Kwinkambo ejwayelekile yesifo sikashukela, ukuba khona kwe-diastase kumchamo akuyona uphawu, kodwa esimweni sokuvuvukala kwamanyikwe, ukugcwala kwayo kungahle kube ngaphezulu.
Ukutholwa kokuphambuka okubili noma ngaphezulu kokujwayelekile ekuhlaziyeni kudinga ukuthi kuhlolisiswe ngokucophelela ukuthola imbangela ye-pathology. Futhi uma ukwephulwa kutholwe ngengozi (ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kochwepheshe), kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo ukuze uthole isifo.
Kungani uvivinya umchamo wesifo sikashukela uzotshela uchwepheshe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
