I-glucose ephansi ayiyona evamile njengesimo se-hyperglycemia. Kungani ushukela wegazi wehla? Ngempela, kungakhathalekile ukuthi izinkomba ezijwayelekile zikhuphuka noma zehla, isimo singaba imbangela wokuqalwa kwama-pathologies ahlukahlukene kanye nokwehluleka emsebenzini ohlanganisiwe womzimba womuntu.
Ukwehla ushukela wegazi kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yenani eliphansi le ushukela. Lesi simo sibizwa nge- hypoglycemia in terminology yezokwelapha. Ngokukhula kwayo, wonke amaseli omzimba awakutholi umsoco odingekayo, othinta kabi izinqubo eziqhubekayo ze-metabolic. Isimo esibucayi esidala ukwehla okukhulu kweglucose yi-hypoglycemic coma.
Kungakho, kubalulekile ukuthi ubhekisise ngokucophelela izimpawu ezikhulayo futhi ugweme izimbangela eziholela ekutheni indlala yeglucose ibe kumuntu ophilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvamisa i-hypoglycemia iziveza ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, ngenxa yokuphathwa okungafanele kwemithi noma ukwehluleka ukulandela izincomo zochwepheshe abakhona kwezokwelapha.
Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa zezimpawu lapho ukutholwa kweshukela kungatholakala khona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukujuluka kokunye, umuzwa ongapheli wendlala, i-tachycardia engenasizungu, isiyezi esinzima, okuhambisana nobuthakathaka obujwayelekile bomzimba nokukhathala okungapheli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthakathaka noma ukuthuthumela emilenzeni kungenzeka. Isimo somzwelo naso siyashintsha. Umuntu uyacasuka noma abe nolaka (kwezinye izimo, kunalokho, kukhula umbuso wokungakhathali nowokucindezela), abe nomuzwa ongapheli wokukhathazeka nokwesaba.
Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ukwehla kweshukela?
Kungani ushukela wegazi wehla kakhulu?
Izizathu zokwehla koshukela zingaba inani elikhulu.
I-Hypoglycemia ingabangelwa ukuvezwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene zezidakamizwa nez ezingezona izidakamizwa.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zentuthuko yalo zifaka:
- ukukhiqizwa okwandayo kwe-insulin ye-hormone emzimbeni womuntu;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-pituitary noma i-adrenal cortex;
- inkambiso yokudla okungafanele kwama-carbohydrate esibindini;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela, esivame ukuhambisana nama-spikes abukhali ushukela wegazi;
- ukuyeka isikhathi eside ukudla noma ukulamba kuba yindlela yokusabela komzimba ekudleni okulandelayo.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi kaningi imbangela yokuthuthukiswa kokungasebenzi kahle kumuntu (kufaka phakathi i-hypoglycemia) yisimo sengqondo somuntu. Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okuhlukahlukene nezimo ezicindezelayo kuthinta kabi izinga likashukela egazini, kulinciphise kumazinga abucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye yezinto ezingaholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwamazinga kashukela ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kweziphuzo zotshwala. Kubantu abancike kotshwala, isimo se-hypoglycemia siyinto evame ukwenziwa njalo.
Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kuphakathi kwezinto ezingezona izidakamizwa eziholela ekwehlekeni okukhulu kwamazinga kashukela wegazi. Iqembu elinobungozi obukhulu be-hypoglycemia lifaka labo abasebenza ngokuzivocavoca ngamandla ezindaweni zokuzivocavoca (ngamanani andayo) nabantu abamsebenzi wabo ohambisana nokusebenza ngokweqile komzimba. Ukuze ugweme ukwehla kushukela, udinga ukubhekisisa indlela odla ngayo nokubuyisa amandla okugcina asezingeni elifanelekile womzimba wonke.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma i-pituitary gland kanye ne-pathology yesibindi iphazamiseka, ukulethwa kwe-carbohydrate emzimbeni kuyehla, okuthinta ngqo izinga le-glucose futhi kuholele ekwehlekeni okukhulu. Uma kunezifo ezinkulu zesitho sesibindi, kufanele uqaphe ngokucophelela ukudla okudla, ukugweme ukweqa ukudla nokuzila ukudla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isimo se-hypoglycemic cishe akunakwenzeka ukusigwema.
Phakathi kwezizathu ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia kubandakanya ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa esiswini. Imvamisa, ukwehla kwenani le-glucose iziveza ngenkathi yesikhathi sokuvuselela, ikakhulukazi uma kungalandelwa ukwelashwa okunqunyelwe kokudla. Ushukela ongena emzimbeni uqala ukumunwa ngamazinga akhuphukile, okubangela ukukhiqizwa okwandayo kwe-hormone insulin, okuholela esimweni se-hypoglycemia.
Isenzeko esingajwayelekile kubantu abadala ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypoglycemia esebenzayo. Lesi simo sibonisa ukwehla okubukhali futhi okuphambili ezingeni likashukela egazini lomuntu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane (kuze kube unyaka owodwa) zihlushwa lolu hlobo lwesifo. Ukudla okuqukethe i-fructose ne-lactose akuvumeli isibindi ukuthi sikhiqize ushukela ngokukhululekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudliwa kwe-leucine kuvusa ama-pancreas ukukhiqiza i-insulin eningi, okuholela ekushoneni kweglucose emzimbeni wengane.
Yini ebangela i-hypoglycemia kuma-diabetes?
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia kungenzeka ngenxa yokungondleki noma ukungahambisani nemithetho yendlela enqunyelwe yokwelapha ushukela.
Isimo se-hypoglycemic esenzeka emzimbeni sinomthelela ekubonakala kokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo zomzimba.
Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufanele, isimo se-hypoglycemic singahola ukukhohlisa nokufa.
Imvamisa, amaconsi abukhali emazingeni kashukela kwabanesifo sikashukela kwenzeka:
- Umthamo omkhulu we-insulin. Le nto iyazibonakalisa, ngenxa yalokho, imithamo ekhethwe ngokungafanele yesidakamizwa, ukusebenza okungalungile kwemitha ye-glucose yasekhaya, noma ukungasebenzi kwepeni lesirinji ekhona.
- Kunamaphutha ezokwelashwa lapho uchwepheshe ekhetha ngokungafanele umuthi wesiguli sakhe noma ancoma ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezonciphisa ushukela emithanjeni ephezulu.
- Kwezinye izimo, ukufaka isidakamizwa esisodwa kwesinye isidakamizwa se-hypoglycemic nakho kungadala ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinga kashukela.
- Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela ezinesifo sikashukela esinezifo ezibangelwa yizo (ikakhulukazi, isibindi noma ukwehluleka kwezinso), ukubonwa okumbala kwe-insulin okuhamba kancane kungabonakala. Kungakho, imithamo ejwayelekile yezidakamizwa iba yinto ebucayi kulesi sigaba seziguli futhi imvamisa iholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hypoglycemia
- Ukusetshenziswa kwenombolo ende noma enkulu yezidakamizwa eqenjini lokuphuma kwe-sulfonylurea. Lapho wenza ukwelashwa okunjalo okuphathelene nokwelashwa, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le mithi ingadala ukwehla okukhulu kwe-glucose.
- Ezigulini ezinqunyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-insulin, kuyadingeka ukuthi utadishe ngokucophelela yonke imithetho nezincomo eziphathelene nokuphathwa okufanele komuthi. Elinye lamaphutha amakhulu eliholela ku-hypoglycemia ukuphathwa kwe-insulin intramuscularly. Kulokhu, i-hormone kufanele iphathwe kuphela ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenza kahle indawo yokujova kungathinta kabi amazinga kashukela futhi kwehlise ngaphansi komkhawulo odingekayo.
- Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile kushukela (ikakhulukazi esiswini esingenalutho) kungaholela esimweni se-hypoglycemia kwisifo sikashukela. Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo iyadingeka kuwo wonke umuntu, kufaka phakathi i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kuphela izinga nobude bemithwalo enjalo kufanele kukhethwe kahle.
- Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nokudla kanye nokushiywa kokudla okuyisisekelo.
- Iziguli ezithembela i-insulin kufanele zikhethe ngokucophelela umthamo wesidakamizwa esisebenza esifushane kuye ngenani lamandla izitsha ezizodliwa. Imvamisa umthamo ongalungile we-insulin kanye nenani lama-carbohydrate atholakala ngesikhathi sokudla kuholela ekwehleni ngokweqile koshukela wegazi.
- Uphuzo oludakayo lungadala ukwehla okukhulu kwe-glucose emzimbeni.
- Isimo se-malabsorption.
- Esikhathini esifudumele (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokushisa), kungahle kube nesibalo esandisiwe sezimo zokuthuthuka kwe-hypoglycemia.
Kunemithi engakhulisa umphumela wokuthatha izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, okuvame ukubangela i-hypoglycemia. Imithi eyinhloko engakhipha ukwehla kwe-glucose (futhi engafakwa eqenjini lezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic) yile:
- izidakamizwa ze-antibacterial ezivela esigabeni se-sulfonamides;
- i-ethyl alcohol;
- i-amphetamine (i-narcotic ntho);
- ezinye izidakamizwa ze-anticholesterol (fibrate);
- I-Pentoxifylline isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo se-vascular;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa ze-cytostatic ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni umdlavuza noma i-rheumatism zingavusa ukwehla kwe-glucose emzimbeni.
Ngabe i-glucose ingajwayelekile yenziwe kanjani?
Ngo ushukela wegazi oncishisiwe, okokuqala udokotela kufanele anikeze ukudla okuthile kokudla.
Ukudla okuyisipesheli kusiza ukubuyisela ukulingana kwezakhamzimba emzimbeni futhi kugcwalise umzimba ngamavithamini adingekayo nezinto zamaminerali.
Ukwelashwa kokudla sikashukela kufanele kususelwe ezicini ezithile zomzimba wesiguli, kucatshangelwa izinkinga ezihlangene nezifo, izinga lokuthuthuka kwe-hypoglycemia kanye nesimo esivamile sesiguli.
Amaphuzu amakhulu acatshangelwa lapho udweba imenyu yansuku zonke:
- Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa ukubamba kwama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi. Ukudla okunjalo kufanele kuvame ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Lokhu kudla imifino emisha, i-pasta enzima nesinkwa sokusanhlamvu esiphelele.
- Phakathi kwemikhiqizo enqatshelwe ukusetshenziswa kufanele ifake i-pasta ejwayelekile, i-confectionery emnandi nemikhiqizo yokubhaka, i-semolina, iziphuzo ezidakayo, ukudla okunamafutha, umhluzi ocebile, inyama enamafutha, ukudla okunezipayisi kanye nokubhemayo.
- Ujusi nezithelo zezithelo kuyadingeka ukuba kudliwe ngenani elincane.
- Inani lokudla kufanele okungenani libe yisihlanu; ukudla kuthathwa ngezingxenye ezincane.
- Ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwama-legumes, ummbila kanye namazambane ezikhunjeni zazo, njengoba kusiza ukwehlisa ukukhula kwamazinga kashukela wegazi kwiplasma yegazi, ekhishwa ngumzimba womuntu kusuka kuma-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi.
- Izithelo ezingenakuthunyelwa kumele zibe khona njalo ekudleni. Ngasikhathi sinye, konke okusha nokwomile kumile.
- Amaprotheni angcono ukudla ngohlobo lweshizi enamafutha amancane nenkukhu, inhlanzi noma ukudla kwasolwandle.
- Ngokufanelekile, ikhofi kufanele ilahlwe noma okungenani incishiswe ibe yingcosana. Iqiniso ukuthi i-caffeine ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia futhi ingavusa ukwehla okukhulu kweglucose.
Imenyu kufanele yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi okungenani amahlandla ambalwa ngeviki kukhona isobho noma umhluzi wenyama ozondwayo. Kukhona ukuthuthuka kwezinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni.
Ungaziqeda izimpawu bese ubuyisela ushukela kokujwayelekile usebenzisa la maqembu alandelayo emithi:
- izinga le-glucose elidingekayo liphathwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngemithi yomlomo kusetshenziswa ukwandisa ngokushesha izinga le-glucose, ngoba badlula emgodini wokugaya ukudla futhi ngokushesha bangeniswa egazini, njengomthetho, i-dextrose monosaccharide isetshenziswa;
- ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwama-carbohydrate akhanyayo futhi asindayo ngamanani anqunyelwe;
- kwezinye izimo ezinzima kakhulu, umjovo we-glucagon ungadingeka njengesinye sezidakamizwa ezinamandla kakhudlwana.
Ezimweni ezibucayi, kukhuphuka ngokushesha ushukela wegazi kuyadingeka. Kucatshangwa esimweni esinjalo ukusetshenziswa kwemijovo yokuhlanzeka yamadivayisi ezokwelapha eqenjini lama-corticosteroids. Imvamisa, le mithi ifaka i-hydrocortisone noma i-adrenaline.
Izizathu zokunciphisa ushukela wegazi zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
