Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sigaba sesigaba sezifo ze-endocrine ezenzeka lapho amanyikwe eyeka ukukhiqiza i-insulin. Le yihomoni edingekayo ekusebenzeni okuphelele komzimba. Ibuyisela amandla umsoco we-glucose - ingxenye ebandakanyeka emsebenzini wobuchopho nezinye izitho zomzimba.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela, isiguli kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi sithathe indawo ye-insulin. Ngakho-ke, abanesifo sikashukela abaningi bazibuza ukuthi bazoba imilutha ye-insulin yini. Ukuqonda le mpikiswano, udinga ukwazi ngezici zesifo futhi uqonde lapho kuhlangana khona i-insulin.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zesifo sikashukela - 1 no-2. Lezi zinhlobo zalesi sifo zinomehluko othile. Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo ezithile zesifo, kepha azivamile.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela lubonakala ngokukhiqiza okunganele kwe-proinsulin kanye nesimo se-hyperglycemic. Ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ngesimo semijovo ye-insulin.
Ngesifo sohlobo 1, akufanele uyeke ukujova i-hormone. Ukwenqaba kulo kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni komqondo ngisho nokufa.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo luvame kakhulu. Kutholakale ku-85-90% weziguli ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 ezikhuluphele.
Ngale ndlela yalesi sifo, amanyikwe akhiqiza i-hormone, kepha ayikwazi ukucubungula ushukela, ngenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana omzimba awasebenzisi ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele i-insulin.
I-pancreas kancane kancane iyaphela bese iqala ukuhlanganisa inani elincane le-hormone.
I-insulin ibhalwe nini futhi kungenzeka ukwenqaba kwayo?
Ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kubalulekile, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwesifo lubizwa nangokuthi yi-insulin. Ohlelweni lwesibili lwesifo, isikhathi eside, awukwazi ukufaka i-insulin, kepha lawula i-glycemia ngokudla nangokudla izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic. Kodwa uma isimo sesiguli siba sibi kakhulu futhi nezincomo zezokwelashwa zingalandelwa, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kungenzeka.
Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka yini ukuthi uyeke ukujova i-insulin ngokuzayo lapho isimo sijwayelekile? Ngendlela yokuqala yesifo sikashukela, ukujova i-insulin kubalulekile. Kwelinye icala, ukugcwala koshukela egazini kuzofinyelela amazinga abucayi, okuzoholela emiphumeleni emibi. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuyeka ukufaka i-insulin ngendlela yokuqala yesifo sikashukela.
Kepha ngohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, ukwenqaba kwe-insulin kungenzeka, ngoba ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kuvame ukunqunyelwa kuphela okwesikhashana ukuzinzisa ukuhlangana kweglucose egazini.
Amacala adinga ukuphathwa kwehomoni:
- ukusilela kwe-insulin;
- isifo sohlangothi noma i-myocardial infarction;
- i-glycemia engaphezu kwe-15 mmol / l ngasiphi isisindo;
- ukukhulelwa
- ukwanda koshukela wokuzila kungaphezu kuka-7.8 mmol / l ngesisindo somzimba esivamile noma esinciphile;
- ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, imijovo ye-insulin ibekelwa isikhashana kuze kube yilapho kuqeda izinto ezingezinhle. Isibonelo, owesifazane ugcina i-glycemia ngokulandela isidlo esikhethekile, kepha uma ekhulelwe kufanele aguqule indlela adla ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze angalimazi ingane futhi ayinikeze zonke izinto ezidingekayo, udokotela kufanele athathe izinyathelo futhi anikeze isiguli indlela yokwelapha nge-insulin.
Kodwa ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kuboniswa kuphela lapho umzimba ungasebenzi kahle ku-hormone. Futhi uma i-insulin receptor ingaphenduli, ngenxa yokuthi amaseli angaboni i-hormone, khona-ke ukwelashwa kuyobe kungasho lutho.
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin kungamiswa, kepha kuphela ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Futhi yini edingekayo yokwenqaba i-insulin?
Misa ukuphatha i-hormone ngokuya ngeseluleko sezokwelashwa. Ngemuva kokwenqaba, kubalulekile ukunamathela ekudleni futhi uphile impilo enempilo.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela, ekuvumela ukuthi ulawule i-glycemia, kungukusebenza komzimba. Ezemidlalo azithuthukisi kuphela ukuqina ngokomzimba kanye nenhlala-kahle yesiguli, kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekusebenzeni ngokushesha kwe-glucose.
Ukuze ulondoloze izinga le-glycemia esivamile, ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwamakhambi esintu kungenzeka. Kuze kube manje, basebenzisa ama-blueberries neziphuzo ze-flaxseed.
Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukuphatha i-insulin kancane, ngokuncipha okungaguquki komthamo.
Uma isiguli senqaba i-hormone ngokushesha, lapho-ke uyobe usigxile ngokuqinile emazingeni kashukela egazini.
I-Insulin Therapy: Izinganekwane Namaqiniso
Phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela, kuye kwavela imibono eminingi maqondana nokwelashwa kwe-insulin. Ngakho-ke, ezinye iziguli zicabanga ukuthi i-hormone ifaka isandla ekuzuzeni isisindo, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ukwethulwa kwayo kukuvumela ukuthi unganamatheli ekudleni. Futhi izinto zinjani ngempela?
Ngabe imijovo ye-insulin ingalapha ushukela? Lesi sifo aselapheki, futhi ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kukuvumela kuphela ukuthi ulawule inkambo yesifo.
Ingabe ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kuyikhawulela impilo yesiguli? Ngemuva kwesikhashana sokuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi nokujwayela isheduli yemijovo, ungenza izinto zansuku zonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla kunamaphampu we-syringe akhethekile namaphampu we-insulin we-Accu Chek Combo enza lula inqubo yokuqondisa izidakamizwa.
Abashukela abengeziwe bakhathazeka ngobuhlungu bomjovo. Umjovo ojwayelekile ubangela ukungaphatheki kahle, kepha uma usebenzisa amadivaysi amasha, isibonelo, amapeni wesirinji, lapho-ke kuzobe kungabikho mizwa emnandi.
Inganekwane ephathelene nokuthola isisindo futhi ayilona iqiniso. I-insulin ingakhulisa hamu, kepha ukukhuluphala kubangela ukungondleki. Ukulandela ukudla okuhambisana nemidlalo kuzosiza ukugcina isisindo sakho sijwayelekile.
Ingabe ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kuyimilutha? Noma ngubani othatha i-hormone iminyaka eminingi uyazi ukuthi ukuncika ku-insulin akuveli, ngoba kuyinto yemvelo.
Kusenombono wokuthi ngemuva kokuqala kokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin, kuzodingeka ukuwujova njalo. Ngoshukela wohlobo loku-1, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kufanele kube okuhlelekile futhi okuqhubekayo, ngoba i-pancreas ayikwazi ukukhiqiza ihomoni. Kepha ohlotsheni lwesibili lwesi sifo, isitho singakhiqiza i-hormone, kepha, kwezinye iziguli, amangqamuzana e-beta alahlekelwa amandla okukusisebenzisa ngenkathi lesi sifo siqhubeka. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukuzinza kwezinga le-glycemia, khona-ke iziguli zidluliselwa ezidakamizweni ezinciphisa ushukela ngomlomo.
Ezinye izici eziningi
Ezinye izinganekwane ezihlobene nokwelashwa kwe-insulin:
- Ukunquma i-insulin kusho ukuthi lo muntu wehluleka ukubhekana nokulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela. Lokhu akulona iqiniso, ngoba ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sokuqala, isiguli asinakho ukukhetha, futhi aphoqelekile ukuthi sifake umuthi impilo yonke, futhi esimweni sohlobo 2, i-hormone inikezwa izinkomba ze-glucose ezingcono.
- I-insulin yandisa ingozi ye-hypoglycemia. Ezimweni ezithile, imijovo ingakhulisa amathuba okwehlisa ushukela, kepha namuhla kunezidakamizwa ezivimba ukuqala kwe-hypoglycemia.
- Akunandaba ukuthi isiza sokuphathwa kwe-hormone sizoba yini. Eqinisweni, isilinganiso sokufakwa kwento kuxhomeke endaweni lapho umjovo uzokwenziwa khona. Ukuqunjelwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwenzeka lapho umuthi ufakelwa esiswini, futhi uma umjovo wenziwe ethangeni noma ethangeni, umuthi udonswa kancane.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kunqunyelwe futhi kukhanselwe yisazi esikuvidiyo kule sihloko.
