Iziguli eziningi ezinenkinga yesifo sikashukela ezitholakele zinentshisekelo embuzweni wokuthi ngabe ukukhubazeka kuyasinikeza yini isifo sikashukela, ngenxa yokuthi namuhla awukho umuthi wokusiza ukuqeda lokhu kugula.
Isiguli, uma sesitholakele, kufanele sifunde ukuphila nalesi sifo impilo yakhe yonke.
I-Pathology ayihambi kanjalo nje. Ngenxa yohlobo lwesifo olungamahlalakhona, izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological ziqala ukukhula emzimbeni wesiguli, okuholela ekuwohlokeni okukhulu enhlalakahleni. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-pathological ekusebenzeni kwezitho eziningi zangaphakathi kanye nezinhlelo zazo kuvela, futhi inkambo yenani elikhulu lezinqubo ezibalulekile ze-metabolic iyaphazamiseka.
Ngabe kukhubazeka kanjani isifo sikashukela?
Ukuthola ukukhubazeka kuncike ebukhona bokugula okuhambisana nesifo esingezansi kumuntu ophethwe yisifo sikashukela nobunzima bawo. Uma, ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo sikashukela, umuntu eba nokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwezinso nesibindi, iqembu lokukhubazeka ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ngokuya ngokuthi umsebenzi walezi zitho ube mibi kangakanani, nokuthi yini imiphumela yokuthuthuka kwenqubo ye-pathological okubangelwa emzimbeni, inqubo leyo ithinte kangakanani izinga lesiguli.
Mayelana nokuthi ungayithola kanjani i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sokukhubazeka, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sinqumo senziwa ngamalungu anekhomishini ekhethekile. Imibhalo yale khomishini ihanjiswa ngudokotela wesifunda. Ngabe isiguli sinokukhubazeka kwesifo sikashukela? Ukuze wenze lokhu, into yokuqala umuntu okufanele abonane ngayo nodokotela wakho.
Yiliphi iqembu lokukhubazeka elinikezwa isiguli?
Isifo sikashukela nokukhubazeka kuyahambisana ngokuphelele, uma lesi sifo sinemiphumela emibi futhi sithinta kabi umsebenzi wezitho zomzimba.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kusekelwe ekugcineni imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba kanye nokususa izimpawu eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke. Lapho uphendula umbuzo wokuthi hlobo luni lokukhubazeka olusungulwe kushukela, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukwahlukaniswa ngokwamaqembu ahambisanayo kwenzeka ngokuvela kobunzima benkimbinkimbi obangele ukukhubazeka nohlobo lokuxakaniseka.
Izifo zinezindlela zokuhlola, ochwepheshe bahlola ubungako besifundo futhi bafinyelela iziphetho mayelana nekhono lesiguli esisebenza.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luphi lwesifo sikashukela esithuthuka esigulini esithile.
Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nezenhlalo kwabanesifo sikashukela kuhlola isimo esijwayelekile somuntu futhi kunquma ukuthi ulahlekelwe yithuba elingakanani lokusebenza ngokugcwele nokunakekela izidingo zomzimba ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, noma ngabe udinga usizo lwangaphandle ekuxazululeni izinkinga zansuku zonke.
Okunzima kakhulu yiqembu lokuqala lokukhubazeka, elithatha ukungabi namandla okusebenza komuntu okuphelele, libonisa ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle. Iqembu lokuqala lokukhubazeka linikezwa isiguli ngalezi zinkinga nezifo ezilandelayo:
- ukhehla njalo ngemuva kwe-hypoglycemia;
- ukungaboni ngokuphelele emehlweni abo bobabili;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo (izifundo zesithathu);
- i-encephalopathy;
- i-neuropathy, ebonakaliswa ngendlela yokukhubazeka okuqhubekayo noma i-ataxia;
- gangrene of the emaphethelweni, unyawo sikashukela;
- ukwehluleka kwezinso esikhungweni esishisayo sesifundo.
Uhlu lubandakanya iziguli, ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni, ezinezinkinga zempilo, okuholela ekuthini isiguli singakwazi ukuzimela noma sisebenze ngokuphelele izidingo zakhe ezibaluleke kakhulu. Iziguli zidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, ukubhekwa kanye nokunikezwa okugcwele kwezidingo zabo ngumbuso.
Iziguli zihlala zigadwe yisikhungo sezokwelapha.
Iziguli zihlala zivivinywa ngokwengeziwe nangokwelashwa kweziguli.
Amaqembu Okukhubazeka Ushukela
Ungenza kanjani ukukhubazeka kwesifo sikashukela?
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zisize udokotela wazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uqobo ungumsunguli walesi sinqumo, ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuphelele kwesiguli sakhe nomlando wakhe wezokwelapha, wenza isinqumo ngesidingo sokuqoka ikhomishini. Ngokwemiphumela yale khomishini, isiguli sinikezwa iqembu elithile lokukhubazeka.
Lapho uphendula umbuzo wokuthi ungakuthola kanjani ukukhubazeka kwisifo sikashukela, kudingeka uqonde - okokuqala, kufanele uhlolwe ngokuphelele, bese uvakashela ikhomishini enquma ukuthi unganikeza le nzuzo.
Umbuso uhlinzekela ukukhubazeka ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu, ingane inganconywa inketho yokufunda kude ngokuhambisana nekharikhulamu yesikole noma izifundo ngazinye. Uma kunesidingo, wehlisa umthwalo ongokomzimba enganeni. Inqubo yokwabela izingane ukukhubazeka ayihlukile kakhulu kuhlelo olusebenza kwiziguli ezindala. Kepha kuleli cala sikhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi ingane ithola isimo somuntu okhubazekile kusukela ebuntwaneni futhi ingafuna inzuzo ethile empilweni yayo yonke.
Kukuziphi izimo ezinikeza ukukhubazeka kweqembu lesibili?
Ukuxilongwa okuyinhloko okwabelwe ukukhubazeka kweqembu lesibili:
- I-retinopathy, esesgabeni eslula.
- Ukwehluleka kwangempela esigabeni esingapheli sesifundo.
- Encephalopathy, enikeze ushintsho oluncane ku-psyche.
- I-Neuropathy ye degree lesibili.
Iziguli ezisungule leli qembu kufanele zibe ngaphansi kokubhekwa ngudokotela, kodwa hhayi njalo. Kucatshangelwa nokuthi leli qembu leziguli lilinganiselwe ngokwengxenye emisebenzini yabasebenzi futhi lidinga ukunakekelwa okuthile, kepha aliphelele.
Lesi sigaba simaphakathi phakathi kobunzima nobunzima kunazo zonke.
Yebo, iqembu lesithathu lokukhubazeka limiselwe inkambo yokugula, ehambisana nezinkinga ezithile ezincane.
Ungalithola kanjani iqembu lokuqala lokukhubazeka?
Indaba ecindezela kakhulu ethinta wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela yilokho umthetho odinga ukukwazi ukwabela iqembu lokuqala lokukhubazeka.
I-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela semikhawulo ephansi, ukwelashwa kwayo okunganikezi imiphumela oyifunayo, kungaba yisizathu sokuqokwa kweqembu lokuqala lokukhubazeka.
Kepha ngenxa yalokhu, isiguli kudingeka sihlolwe ngokukhethekile. Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, isiguli sinikezwa isitifiketi sezokwelapha esikhethekile sesampula esisunguliwe, esichaza ukutholakala kokugcina kwezifo.
Yiliphi iqembu lokukhubazeka elifanele isiguli esithile?
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi kuleli cala umsebenzi wesiguli uhlala ubhekwa. Uma izibopho zomsebenzi wobuntu zibandakanya ukuxhumana ngqo nezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi, khona-ke uyoncishiswa amandla akhe okwenza umsebenzi wakhe.
Kwenzeka okufanayo nasezigulini ezisebenza njengabashayeli bezithuthi zomphakathi. Kulokhu, odokotela babela iqembu lokukhubazeka ngokuya ngesimo somuntu, kodwa banikeze ukuthi ngeke esakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe. Isinqumo esinjalo sidambisa isiguli amandla okuziphakela ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke inikezwa isinxephezelo esithile, esikhokhwa kwisabelomali sikahulumeni.
Yini imiyalo nemithetho?
Iqiniso lokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ukukhubazeka phambi kwesifo sikashukela kukhonjiswa ngokucacile ezenzweni zokulawula ezifanele ezithuthukiswa ngezinsizakalo zombuso. Noma yisiphi isiguli singathola impendulo kule mithetho emibuzweni emayelana nokuthi iqembu linikezwe yini uma kunokuxilongwa okucacile. Manje kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe isiguli esithile ukuze kukhubazeke kuye.
Okokuqala, kufanele uqonde ukuthi iqembu lesifo sikashukela linikezwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa okugcwele, kususelwa emiphumeleni yocwaningo olunjalo. Kulokhu, ubukhulu besifo esijwayelekile kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela umuntu onalo kuyabhekelelwa.
Kungenzeka impela uthole ukukhubazeka kweqembu lesithathu elinesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ikakhulu uma kuvimbela umuntu ukufeza imisebenzi yakhe esetshenziswayo ngokushesha.
Kwabanesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi bangasebenza kuphi, nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi okufanele ilahlwe.
Lapho sekutholakele ukukhubazeka, uhlelo lwesiguli limi ngokulandelayo:
- Okokuqala, kudingeka axhumane nodokotela wakhe.
- Emva kwalokho, hlola ngokwakho.
- Thola izinkomba zokudlulisa ikhomishini.
- Qedela zonke izifundo ezinconywe yilungu lekhomishini.
Kaningi, iziguli zikhathazeka ngohlu lokuhlolwa oludingekayo ukuthola iqembu lokukhubazeka lohlobo 2 sikashukela. Uhlu lokuhlolwa okudingekayo lungahluka kakhulu phakathi kweziguli ezahlukahlukene futhi kuya ngohlobo lwesifo kanye nezinkinga ezihambisana nazo. Izifundo basebenzise i-ultrasound, i-tomography, i-x-ray nezinye izinketho zocwaningo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kwe-glucose, ukuhlaziya okujwayelekile komchamo negazi, ukuhlolwa okugcwele okuvela kudokotela wakho.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela izimo lapho iqembu labakhubazekile liguqulwa noma lisuswa ngokuphelele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umuntu abelwa iqembu lokuqala, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inhlala-kahle yakhe ithuthuka, ngakho-ke ushintshwa abe yiqembu labakhubazekile kwelinye iqembu, elikhanya. Kukhona futhi isimo esiphikisayo, lapho isimo somuntu sibi kuphela, futhi edinga ukunakekelwa okuhlala njalo komunye umuntu.
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, singaphetha ngokuthi kunohlelo olulodwa lokuthola izinzuzo, ezilawulwa ngezenzo ezikhethekile zezomthetho. Kungaba nezimo ngazinye lapho udinga ukuhlinzeka ngemibhalo eminingi eyengeziwe, efaka ubufakazi obengeziwe bempilo yakho.
Yini ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapho uthola isifo sikashukela?
Noma yisiphi isiguli esake sabhekana nenkinga yesifo sikashukela kufanele siqonde ngokushesha ukuthi unelungelo lokukhubazeka, yini okufanele uyenze ukuze asithole.
Lokhu kuyasebenza nakubazali bezingane ezihlaselwe yilesi sifo se-endocrine, kumele baqonde ukuthi ngabe izingane zabo zinelungelo lokuthola yini inzuzo.
Ukuze uqonde ngokunembile ukuthi yiliphi iqembu lokukhubazeka elibekwe lapho kutholakala isifo esithile, kufanele uqale uthintane nodokotela wakho.
Lochwepheshe uzokwenza ucwaningo oluphelele lwemiphumela yocwaningo, futhi uma kunesidingo, anikeze izivivinyo ezingeziwe, futhi ngenxa yalokho uzokweluleka ukuthi yiliphi iqembu lesiguli elingathembela kulo.
Ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uthole ukukhubazeka phambi kwesifo sikashukela noma cha, impendulo izohlala ingalingani. Ungathola le nzuzo, kepha kuphela uma kunesibonakaliso esifanele.
Kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuqubuka izimo lapho udokotela enqaba isiguli esiqondisweni se-ITU. Kulokhu, unelungelo lokukhuluma ngokuzimela namalungu ale khomishini futhi amcele ukuthi abelwe ukukhubazeka kohlobo 2 noma uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela, esihambisana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Kepha kanjalo nje, abaniki inzuzo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlinzeka ngemibhalo elandelayo:
- isitatimende esibhalwe egameni lesiguli;
- Ukudluliselwa noma isitifiketi esikhishwe ngudokotela wesifunda noma umyalo wenkantolo uma kungenzeka welashwa ngokuzimele;
- ukukhululwa esibhedlela noma ikhadi lokuphuma;
- umazisi ofunekayo - ipasipoti;
- imibhalo eqinisekisa imfundo yeziguli;
- irekhodi lomsebenzi uma lowo muntu enza umsebenzi wabasebenzi;
- izici ezivela endaweni yokutadisha, uma kukhulunywa ngoshukela ezinganeni;
- uma isikhalazo siphindwa kaninginingi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kungeniswe idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukutholwa kokukhubazeka okwedlule (ikhadi lokuvuselela isitifiketi noma isitifiketi sokukhubazeka).
Umbuso uhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezimbalwa kubantu abakhubazekile bamaqembu ahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwawo kukhona amalungelo okukhokha izikweletu zohambo nokuya mahhala kuma-sanatorium. Ungathola imitha mahhala. Ngakho-ke, lesi simo sisekela kahle izinga lokuphila kwabantu abathole izinkinga zempilo ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.
Imininingwane yezinzuzo zabanesifo sikashukela inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
