I-Insulin Lantus SoloStar iyi-analogue ye-hormone enesikhathi eside, okuhloselwe ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2. Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa i-insulin glargine, le ngxenye itholakala ku-Escherichiacoli DNA isebenzisa indlela yokuphinda ibuye.
I-Glargin iyakwazi ukubopha kuma-insulin receptors afana ne-insulin yomuntu, ngakho-ke umuthi unayo yonke imiphumela efanelekile engokwemvelo etholakala ku-hormone.
Kanye emafutheni angama-subcutaneous, i-insulin glargine ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-microprecipitate, ngenxa yokuthi inani elithile le-hormone lingangena njalo emithanjeni yegazi yesifo sikashukela. Le ndlela ihlinzeka ngephrofayili ye-glycemic ebushelelezi futhi engabikezelwa.
Izici zesidakamizwa
Umenzi walesi sidakamizwa yinkampani yaseJalimane iSanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH. Into esemqoka yokusebenza kwesidakamizwa yi-insulin glargine, ukwakheka kwayo kubandakanya izakhi ezisizayo ngendlela ye-metacresol, i-zinc chloride, i-glycerol, i-sodium hydroxide, i-hydrochloric acid, amanzi wokujova.
ILantus ngoketshezi olucacile, olungenamibala noma olucishe lube nombala. Iqoqo lesisombululo sokuphatha ngaphansi kwe-subcutaneous yi-100 U / ml.
I-cartridge ngayinye yengilazi inama-3 ml wemithi; leli bhokisana lifakwa esibayeni se-SoloStar. Amapeni ama-insulin amahlanu wesirinji ayathengiswa ebhokisini lekhadibhodi, isethi ifaka incwadi yemiyalo yedivayisi.
- Umuthi onokubukezwa okuhle kodokotela neziguli ungathengwa ekhemisi kuphela ngomuthi kadokotela.
- I-Insulin Lantus ikhonjiswa i-mellitus encike kwisifo sikashukela kubantu abadala nezingane ezingaphezulu kweminyaka eyisithupha.
- Uhlobo olukhethekile lweSoloStar luvumela ukwelashwa ezinganeni ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emibili.
- Intengo yephakeji yezinsalela ezinhlanu zesirinji nomuthi we-100 IU / ml ngama-ruble ayi-3 500.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umuthi, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho, udokotela we-endocrinologist ozokusiza ukuthi ukhethe umthamo ofanele futhi unikeze isikhathi esiqondile somjovo. I-insulin ifakwa ngenkani kanye ngosuku, ngenkathi umjovo wenziwa ngokuqinile ngesikhathi esithile.
Umuthi ufakwa emafutheni angaphansi kwethanga, ehlombe noma esiswini. Njalo lapho kufanele ushintshe isayithi lomjovo ukuze ulaka lungangeni esikhunjeni. Umuthi ungasetshenziswa njengesidakamizwa esizimele, noma uhlanganiswe nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa iLantus SoloStar insulin esitokisini sepeni ukwelashwa, kufanele uthole ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani le nsimbi ngomjovo. Uma ngaphambili, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside noma ephakathi nendawo, umthamo wansuku zonke we-basal insulin kufanele ulungiswe.
- Esimweni sokushintshwa kusuka ekujovweni kwezikhathi ezimbili kwe-insulin-isophan kuya ekujovweni okukodwa nguLantus phakathi namasonto amabili okuqala, umthamo wansuku zonke we-basal hormone kufanele wehliswe ngamaphesenti angama-20-30. Umthamo oncishisiwe kufanele unxephezelwe ngokwandisa umthamo we-insulin esebenza ngokufushane.
- Lokhu kuzovikela ukukhula kwe-hypoglycemia ebusuku nasekuseni. Futhi, lapho ushintshela isidakamizwa esisha, impendulo ekhuphukayo yokulimala kwe-hormone ivame ukubonwa. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni, kufanele ubheke ngokucophelela izinga loshukela wegazi usebenzisa i-glucometer futhi, uma kunesidingo, ulungise irejimeni yemithamo ye-insulin.
- Ngokulawulwa okuthuthukile kokugayeka kokudla, ngesinye isikhathi ukuzwela kwomuthi kungakhuphuka, kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukulungisa uhlobo lomuthi. Ukushintshwa komthamo kuyadingeka futhi lapho kuguqulwa indlela yokuphila yesifo sikashukela, okwandayo noma okuncipha, siguqula isikhathi sokulimala nezinye izinto ezinegalelo ekuqaleni kwe-hypo- noma hyperglycemia.
- Umuthi uvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous, lokhu kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hypoglycemia enzima. Ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ipeni lesirinji lihlanzekile futhi liyinyumba.
Njengomthetho, iLantus insulin ibhalwa kusihlwa, umthamo wokuqala ungaba amayunithi ayi-8 noma ngaphezulu. Lapho ushintshela isidakamizwa esisha, ukwethula ngokushesha umthamo omkhulu kusongela impilo, ngakho-ke ukulungiswa kufanele kwenzeke kancane kancane.
I-Glargin iqala ukusebenza ngenkuthalo ihora elilodwa ngemuva komjovo, ngokwesilinganiso, isebenza amahora angama-24. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ubheke ukuthi ngomthamo omkhulu, isikhathi sokwenza umuthi singafinyelela amahora angama-29.
I-Insulin Lantus akufanele ihlanganiswe nezinye izidakamizwa.
Imiphumela emibi
Lapho kwethulwa umthamo obedlulele we-insulin, onesifo sikashukela angathola i-hypoglycemia. Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemvelo zivame ukuvela ngokushesha futhi zihambisana nomuzwa wokukhathala, ukukhathala okwandayo, ubuthakathaka, ukuncipha kokuxineka, ukozela, ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo, ikhanda, isicanucanu, ukudideka, kanye nokugabha.
Lezi zibonakaliso zivame ukwandulelwa yizimpawu ngendlela yemizwa yendlala, ukungaphatheki kahle, injabulo yenjabulo noma ukwethuka, ukukhathazeka, isikhumba esidabukisayo, ukubonakala kokujuluka kwamakhaza, i-tachycardia, ukushisa kwenhliziyo. I-hypoglycemia ebukhali ingadala ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusiza umuntu onesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, isiguli sinemizwa engejwayelekile kulo muthi, ohambisana nokuphendula kwesikhumba okujwayelekile, i-angioedema, i-bronchospasm, i-hypertension ye-arterial, ukushaqeka, okubuye kube yingozi kubantu.
Ngemuva komjovo we-insulin, amasosha omzimba entweni esebenzayo angakheka. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukulungisa irejimeni yemithi ukuze ususe ubungozi bokukhula nge-hypo- noma hyperglycemia. Kuyaqabukela, kwisifo sikashukela, ukunambitheka kungashintsha, ezimweni ezingavamile, imisebenzi ebonakalayo ibekeka okwesikhashana ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinkomba zamehlo zamehlo lens.
Kaningi, endaweni yomjovo, abanesifo sikashukela bahlakulela i-lipodystrophy, ebambezela ukumunca umuthi. Ukugwema lokhu, udinga ukuguqula njalo indawo yomjovo. Futhi, ubomvu, ukulunywa, ukuqaqamba kungabonakala esikhumbeni, lesi simo singesesikhashana futhi kuvame ukunyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku eziningana zokwelashwa.
- I-Insulin Lantus akufanele isetshenziswe nge-hypersensitivity kuya ku-glargine ye-izidakamizwa esebenzayo noma ezinye izinto ezisizayo zomuthi. Umuthi awuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha, noma kunjalo, udokotela angabeka uhlobo olukhethekile lomuthi i-SoloStar, oluhloselwe ingane.
- Ukuqapha kufanele kuvikelwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-insulin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa ibele. Kubalulekile nsuku zonke ukukala ushukela wegazi nokulawula inkambo yesifo. Ngemuva kokubeletha, kuyadingeka ukulungisa umthamo womuthi, ngoba isidingo se-insulin ngalesi sikhathi sincishiswa kakhulu.
Imvamisa, odokotela batusa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa abanesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa basebenzise enye i-analog ye-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside - isidakamizwa iLevemir.
Uma kwenzeka kusetshenziswa i-overdose, i-hypoglycemia elinganiselayo imiswa ngokuthatha imikhiqizo efaka ama-carbohydrate asheshayo wokugaya ukudla. Ngokwengeziwe, ushintsho lwerejimeni yokwelashwa, ukudla okufanelekile kanye nokuzivocavoca komzimba kuyakhethwa.
Kwi-hypoglycemia ebabazekayo, i-glucagon iphathwe ngokuxhunywa emgudwini noma ngokuthamba, kuthiwe injovo engaphakathi yesisombululo se-glucose egxilile.
Kubandakanya udokotela angahle akunikeze ukunakwa isikhathi eside kwama-carbohydrate.
Ungawenza kanjani umjovo we-insulin
Ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, udinga ukubheka isimo sebhokisi lezinto ezifakwe esibayeni sepayipi. Isixazululo kufanele sibe sobala, singenamibala, singabi nama-sediment noma izinhlayiya zangaphandle ezibonakalayo, ukufana okufana namanzi.
Ipeni lesirinji yithuluzi elilahlekayo, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokujova kumele kuchithwe, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kungaholela ekungenelelekeni. Umjovo ngamunye kufanele wenziwe ngenalithi entsha oyinyumba, ngoba kusetshenziswa izinaliti ezikhethekile, eziklanyelwe amapeni ezirinji avela kulo mkhiqizi.
Amadivayisi alimele nawo kufanele alahlwe; ngokusola okuncane kokungasebenzi kahle, umjovo awukwazi ukwenziwa ngaleli peni. Kulokhu, abanesifo sikashukela kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi babe nepeni lesirinji elingelinye ukuze baphendule.
- I-cap evikela iyasuswa kusuka kudivayisi, ngemuva kwalokho ukumaka kumathangi we-insulin kuzoqinisekiswa ukuthi kuyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi ukulungiswa okuyikho kukhona. Ukuvela kwekhambi kuyabuye kuhlolwe, lapho kukhona udeveli, izinhlayiya eziqinile zakwamanye amazwe noma ukungaguquguquki kwe-turbid, i-insulin kufanele ifakwe enye.
- Ngemuva kokususwa kwesigaxa sokuvikela, inalithi eyinyumba inamathele ngokucophelela futhi iqiniswe ngokuqinile esibayeni sentambo. Njalo lapho udinga ukubheka ucingo ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo. Kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi isibonisi ekuqaleni sasiyinombolo 8, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isirinji asikaze sisebenzise ngaphambili.
- Ukusetha umthamo owuthandayo, inkinobho yokuqalisa idonswa ngokuphelele, ngemuva kwalokho isekhethi sethamo ngeke siguqulwe. Isigaxa sangaphandle nesangaphakathi kufanele sisuswe, kufanele sigcinwe kuze kuqedwe inqubo, ukuze kuthi ngemuva komjovo, ususe inaliti esetshenzisiwe.
- Ipeni lesirinji ligcinwa ngenalithi, emva kwalokho udinga ngokuthepha kancane iminwe yakho ku-insulin reservoir ukuze umoya osemabheleni ukhuphukele ngenalithi. Okulandelayo, inkinobho yokuqalisa icindezelwa yonke indlela. Uma idivaysi isilungele ukusetshenziswa, kudonswa ithonsi elincane esicongweni senalithi. Uma kungekho iconsi, ipeni lesirinji liyabuyiselwa.
Isifo sikashukela singakhetha umthamo owufunayo kusuka kumayunithi ama-2 kuye kwangama-40, isinyathelo esisodwa kulokhu yiziyunithi ezi-2. Uma kunesidingo, ukwethulwa komthamo owengeziwe we-insulin, yenza imijovo emibili.
Ngokwesikali esisele se-insulin, ungabheka ukuthi kungakanani isidakamizwa esisele edivayisini. Lapho ipiston emnyama isengxenyeni yokuqala yomucu onemibala, inani lomuthi lizi-PIERES ezingama-40, uma ipiston ibekwe ekugcineni, umthamo ungama-20 PIERES. Isikhethi somuthi siguqulwa kuze kube yilapho isipha somcibisholo sisezingeni elifunekayo.
Ukugcwalisa ipeni le-insulin, inkinobho yokuqala yomjovo idonswa umkhawulo. Udinga ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi umuthi udwetshwe kumthamo odingekayo. Inkinobho yokuqalisa iguqulwe iye kwesilinganiso esifanele sama-hormone asele ethangini.
Kusetshenziswa inkinobho yokuqala, onesifo sikashukela angabheka ukuthi i-insulin ithathwa malini. Ngesikhathi sokuqinisekisa, inkinobho igcinwa inikezwe amandla. Inani lokuqashwa kwezidakamizwa lingahlulelwa umugqa wokugcina obanzi obonakalayo.
- Isiguli kufanele sifunde ukusebenzisa amapeni we-insulin ngaphambi kwesikhathi, inqubo yokulawulwa kwe-insulin kumele iqeqeshelwe abasebenzi bezokwelapha emtholampilo. Inaliti ihlala ifakwa ngokungaziphathi, emva kwalokho inkinobho yokuqalisa icindezelwa kuze kube semkhawulweni. Uma inkinobho icindezelwa yonke indlela, kuchofoza kuzwakala.
- Inkinobho yokuqalisa ibanjelwa phansi imizuzwana eyi-10, emva kwalokho inalithi ingakhishwa. Le ndlela yokujova ikuvumela ukuthi ungene kuwo wonke umthamo womuthi. Ngemuva kokuthi umjovo wenziwe, inaliti iyasuswa esibayeni bese uyilahla; awunakukwazi ukuyisebenzisa kabusha. Isimbozi esivikayo sifakwa esibayeni sentambo.
- Ipeni ngalinye le-insulin liphelezelwa yincwadi yokufundisa, lapho ungathola khona ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani ngokunembile i-cartridge, xhuma inaliti futhi wenze umjovo. Ngaphambi kokuphatha i-insulin, i-cartridge kufanele okungenani ibe ngamahora amabili ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ungaphinde usebenzise ama-cartridge angenalutho.
I-Lantus insulin ingagcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-8 degrees endaweni emnyama, kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Umuthi kufanele ubekwe ngaphandle kokutholwa yizingane.
Impilo yeshelufu ye-insulin yiminyaka emithathu, ngemuva kwalokho ikhambi kufanele ilahlwe, ayinakusetshenziselwa injongo yayo ebekiwe.
Ukufana kwezidakamizwa
Izidakamizwa ezifanayo ezinomphumela we-hypoglycemic zifaka i-Levemir insulin, enezibuyekezo ezinhle kakhulu. Lesi sidakamizwa i-basal soluble analogue ye-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside.
I-hormone ikhiqizwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-biotechnology ye-DNA esetshenziswayo isebenzisa uhlobo lwe-Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I-Levemir yethulwa emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela kuphela ongaqondakali. Umthamo kanye nemvamisa yokujova kunqunywa udokotela ohambelayo, ngokubheka kwezimpawu zesiguli ngasinye.
ULantus uzokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe nge-insulin kule vidiyo ekule ndatshana.
