I-cholesterol ye-LDL iyi-lipoprotein esezingeni eliphansi okungokwesigaba samapoprotein wegazi apherogenic kakhulu akha ngesikhathi se-lipolysis. Leli qembu lezinto libizwa ngokuthi i-cholesterol embi, ngoba lihambisana nethuba lokukhula kwe-atherosclerosis.
Cishe ama-70% we-LDL atholakala kuketshezi lomzimba. Isici esiyingqayizivele se-cholesterol ukuthi iyakwazi ukuqongelela odongeni lwangaphakathi lwemithambo yegazi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwezigcawu ze-atherosranceotic.
I-cholesterol ye-HDL iyi-lipoprotein ephezulu yabantu, okungukuthi, into enhle. Ithatha iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwama-hormone ubulili besilisa nabesifazane, iqinisa ulwelwesi lwamaseli, ngenxa yalokho iba namandla ngokwenqena ezintweni ezingezinhle.
Ake sibheke ukuthi ngabe i-cholesterol ye-LDL iphakanyisiwe, kusho ukuthini, futhi yini okufanele yenziwe esimweni esinjalo? Yini ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-lipid metabolism, yikuphi ukwelashwa?
Izici Zobungozi Zokukhulisa i-LDL
Ukuqunjelwa kwe-cholesterol ephansi kakhulu kunganda ngaphezu komkhawulo ovumelekile, futhi lokhu kubi ngempela, ngoba ubungozi bokuqalwa kwe-atherosclerosis luyanda. Inkinga ukuthi azikho izimpawu nezimpawu zokulimala kwamafutha emzimbeni, ngakho-ke ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola incazelo kusho ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
Ingozi ye-cholesterol ephezulu itholakala ezigulini ezinomlando wezifo zesifo senhliziyo. Ingozi yokwakheka kwe-atherosclerotic plaque ibonwa kuzo zonke izazi zesifo sikashukela - ukwephulwa kweshukela Digestibility kuthinta kabi isimo semikhumbi.
Okunye ukukhuluphala, okubangelwa yimikhuba emibi yokudla. Lapho imenyu ilawulwa yimikhiqizo yezilwane, kunenqwaba yama-carbohydrate egaya, okuholela kwesisindo esengeziwe.
Ezinye izimbangela zokunyuka kweLDL:
- Isakhi sofuzo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuphambuka emgomeni kutholakala njengefa. Iqembu lengozi lifaka abantu abanezihlobo zabo abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo / unhlangothi;
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesimo se-endocrine (pancreatitis, tumor pancreatic);
- Ukusebenza okungahambi kahle kwezinso / kwesibindi;
- Ukungalingani kwe-Hormonal emzimbeni (ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini);
- Ukuphuza ngokweqile utshwala, ukubhema;
- Uma umlando wehypertension;
- Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Uma isiguli sisengozini, khona-ke sinconywa ukuthi sihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-lipid - ukuzimisela kwe-cholesterol ephelele, i-LDL, i-HDL, i-triglycerides.
I-cholesterol ejwayelekile
Ukuthola isilinganiso se-LDL ne-HDL emzimbeni, kuthathwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yelebhu, udokotela ukhuluma ngokujwayelekile noma i-pathology. Imiphumela iqhathaniswa namatafula ajwayelekile, ngoba amanani ahlukile kubo bobabili ubulili. Kubuye kubhekwe ubudala besiguli, izifo ezikhona - isifo sikashukela, unhlangothi noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo emlandweni, njll.
Ngakho-ke yimalini? Kuthathwa iphrofayili ye-lipid ukunquma okuqukethwe i-cholesterol. Inikeza imininingwane ku-OH, LDL, LDL, triglyceride concentration, kanye ne-atherogenicity index. Zonke lezi zinkomba, ngaphandle komugqa we-atherogenic, ulinganiswa ku-mmol ilitha ngalinye.
Qaphela ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-cholesterol ivame ukukhuphuka, okungeyona i-pathology. Ukubonakala kwesithombe esinjalo kungenxa yesizinda se-hormonal sowesifazane okhulelwe.
I-OH kufanele ihluke kumayunithi angama-3.5 kuya kwangama-5.2. Uma kunokukhuphuka kwesikhombisi ku-6.2 mmol / l, lokhu kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka. Imvelo yabesifazane:
- Ingqikithi yama-cholesterol 2.9-7.85 amayunithi ngokuya ngeminyaka. Omdala lowesifazane, lapho ephakama umkhawulo ovumelekile.
- Imvelo yento esezingeni eliphansi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 ifinyelela kumayunithi angama-5.72, eminyakeni emincane iy amayunithi angama-0 1.76-4.85.
- I-HDL ijwayelekile ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 - 0.96-2.38, esemncane engu-0.93-2.25 mmol / l.
Isimo esijwayelekile endodeni yisilinganiso senani eliphelele le-cholesterol, uma inkomba ingeqi inani lamayunithi angama-4,79. I-HDL iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0.98 iye ku-1.91 - imvamisa ifinyelela eminyakeni engama-50. Ngemuva kwalonyaka, umkhawulo ovumelekile ufinyelela ku-1.94 mmol / L. I-cholesterol ephelele ngemuva kwama-50 akufanele idlule amayunithi ayi-6.5.
Esikhathini sikashukela, izinga le-cholesterol livame ukukhuphuka. Uma kunokukhuphuka okungenani kweyunithi elilodwa, khona-ke lokhu kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwamaseli obuchopho. Uma kwenzeka ukuphambuka, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka impela - ukudla, ezemidlalo, umuthi. Njengomthetho, kwabanesifo sikashukela, imithi inqunywa ngokushesha.
Ukuqina kwe-atherogenic kusetshenziselwa ukunquma isilinganiso se-cholesterol enhle engxenyeni embi. Kubalwa kanjena: (OH - HDL) / LDL. Lapho i-coefficient isithathu noma ngaphansi, ubungozi be-atherosulinosis abunakwa, uma i-CA isuka ku-3 iye ku-4, ubungozi besifo se-coronary noma ushintsho lwe-atherosulinotic luphezulu. Futhi ngamayunithi angaphezu kwe-5 we-CA - kunamathuba aphezulu kakhulu wezifo zenhliziyo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinkinga zezinso, ukwehla okuphansi (ikakhulukazi kwisifo sikashukela), kanye nengqondo.
Ukudla okunempilo kwe-LDL ephezulu
Qaphela ukuthi iziguli ezisengozini zidinga ukukala i-cholesterol kaningi ngokwanele ukuvikela imiphumela emibi ngesikhathi. Isifo sikashukela singathola uhlobo "lwamamitha", ikakhulukazi, ukuhlolwa okucacayo okusiza ekuboneni izinga le-cholesterol embi egazini. Inzuzo yale ndlela ukuqapha okungapheli nokulinganisa ekhaya.
Ukuze wehlise i-LDL emzimbeni, udinga ukudla kahle nangokulinganisela. Ukusuka kwimenyu kuyadingeka ukuthi ungafaki amantongomane, inyama enamafutha, inyama yenkomo namafutha engulube, imayonesi kanye nososo, imikhiqizo eseqedile, ukudla okusheshayo, umvimba, imikhiqizo kafulawa, imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha.
Ukudla kufaka imifino eningi nezithelo. Kungcono ukuthi abanesifo sikashukela bakhethe izinhlobo ezingafakwanga ukuze bangavuseleli ushukela. Ukudla okulandelayo kunempahla yokwehlisa i-cholesterol:
- Itiye eliluhlaza (kuphela crumbly, hhayi ezikhwameni). Ukwakheka kuqukethe ama-flavonoids, anikela ekuqiniseni izindonga ze-vascular;
- Utamatisi uqukethe i-lycopene, isakhi esisiza ukwehlisa i-LDL;
- Imikhiqizo ye-Walnut iyasiza, kepha ikhalori ephezulu, kuze kube yizicucu ezi-10 ngosuku;
- Izaqathi, ugarlic, ulamula, amaqanda ngesimo se-omelet enomusi, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi.
Namathela ekudleni njalo.
Faka umzimba ngokusebenza kahle komzimba uma kungekho okuphikisana ngokwelashwa. Lapho lezi zinyathelo zingasizi, khona-ke imithi ibekelwa ukunciphisa i-LDL.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa namakhambi abantu
Isifo sikashukela sokunciphisa i-LDL emzimbeni saso sinikezwa izidakamizwa eqenjini lama-statins nama-fibrate. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-statins angathinta izinkomba zikashukela, ngoba asheshisa izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni, ngakho-ke, ukuqapha njalo kwe-glucose kuyadingeka ukuvikela i-hypoglycemia ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
Ama-statins asebenza kahle kakhulu afaka iLovastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin. Umthamo kanye nesikhathi sokwelashwa kunqunywa ngokuhlukile. Umuthi we-cholesterol akuyona iphilisi lomlingo, uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela engalandeli indlela yokudla, umphumela wokwelapha awunakwa.
Ama-figates asiza ingxenye ethile yokuqothula ama-cholesterol plaque, okuholela ekutheni imithambo yegazi ihlanzwe. Atromidine, Tricor, Lipigem anqunyelwe.
Amakhambi e-Folk:
- I-Flaxseed powder iyangezwa ekudleni. Umthamo - uhhafu wethisipuni, imvamisa yokusetshenziswa - kaningana ngosuku. Imbewu cholesterol ephansi, ithuthukise i-carbohydrate metabolism kuma-diabetes.
- I-licorice izimpande - uthele wezipuni ezimbili ze-500 ml zamanzi abilayo, upheke imizuzu eyi-15, Hlunga. Phuza i-50-80 ml izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Isikhathi senkambo yokwelapha singamaviki ama-3. Ngemuva kwekhefu, ungaphinda. Le ndlela ibuye ilungele abanesifo sikashukela, kodwa hhayi umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ngenkinga yokukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kunconywa imenyu enama-kilojoule aphansi yokunciphisa umzimba enempilo. Ngokufanelekile, kwenziwa ngokunaka umsebenzi womzimba womuntu. Futhi njengezinyathelo zokuvimbela kuyadingeka: ukuyeka ukubhema, utshwala, ukuvivinya umzimba nsuku zonke, ngezikhathi ezithile vakashela udokotela bese uhlola i-cholesterol.
AmaLipoproteins achazwe kule vidiyo kule ndatshana.
