Ukwakheka kwesifo sikashukela se-phosphate akuhlotshaniswa nomonakalo wamanyikwe kanye nokwanda kweglucose yegazi.
Lesi sifo, njengesifo sikashukela, sinamandla okuthola ifa. Ukuvezwa kwayo kungenxa yokuthi i-phosphorus ayidonswa ibuyele egazini ku-renal tubules.
Egazini, ukuqina kwayo kunciphe, ukwakheka kwezicubu zamathambo kwephulwe, okuholela ekutheni kube nokulimala ekwakhekeni kwesigaxa samathambo nokungalingani ekwakhekeni komzimba.
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela se-Phosphate
Ngokuya ngezimbangela ze-phosphate, isifo sikashukela singanqunywa ngofuzo futhi sidluliselwe kusuka kubazali abagulayo siye ezinganeni noma kube ukubonakaliswa kwama-benign tumors (oncogenic rickets).
I-Hypophosphatemic rickets yenzeka ngokuncipha okunciphisiwe kwe-phosphorus kusuka kumchamo oyinhloko, kanye nokungena kokulimazeka kwe-calcium kanye ne-phosphates kusuka emathunjini, ukuncipha kokuhlanganiswa kwe-Vitamin D nokusebenza kwayo esibindini. Ukwehla kokusebenza kwamaseli akha izicubu zamathambo (osteoblasts) kuholela ekutheni amathambo abe nesakhiwo esiphazamisekile.
Izingane ziyagula uma abazali bazo benesifo esifanayo. Azikho izindlela ezithile zokuvimbela lesi sifo. Uma ubaba egula, udlulisela isifo sikashukela endodakazini yakhe, futhi amadodakazi namadodakazi anomqondo onjalo wokukhula angazalwa ngumama ogulayo. Uhlobo lokwenza umsebenzi wama-osteoblasts nokuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus esegazini kuxhunyaniswa kwi-chromosome eyi-X.
Okubi kakhulu, abafana banenkinga yama-hypophosphatemic rickets. Ebudaleni, lesi sifo singase sihlotshaniswe nesimila ethanjeni noma izicubu ezithambile.
Ngesifo sikashukela se-phosphate, ukuphazamiseka okunjalo kukhula:
- Ukukhula kwamathambo
- Ukuthambisa amathambo
- Ukuguqulwa kwesinqe kanye namalunga edolo
- Ukuqhubeka ngokushesha kokulimala kwemilenze ephansi.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela somntwana
Ama-Hypophosphatemic rickets angaqala esemncane, imvamisa ngesikhathi ingane iqala ukuhamba ngokuzimela. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, isimo esejwayelekile sinokuhlala sisjwayelekile futhi akubangeli izinsolo kodokotela.
Izimpawu zokuqala ziyamangaza yengane, bese kuba shun emathanjeni lapho uhamba. Izingane zingenqaba ukuhambahamba ngaphandle kosizo. Ngemuva kwalokho, imilenze iyagoba futhi ukwakheka kwamadolo nokuhlangana kwe-ankle kuyaphazamiseka, futhi amathambo asendaweni yendawo aqobekile.
Ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kuhambisana nokuphulwa kokwethembeka kwe-enamel yezinyo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwama-caries amaningi, ukuqina komgogodla namathambo we-pelvic.
Izimpawu ezisetshenziswayo zesifo sikashukela seFofat yilezi:
- Kwehlisiwe ithoni yemisipha.
- I-Spasmophilia.
- Imisebe emise okomlenze O.
- Ama-pseudo-fractures kanye nokulimala kwamathambo.
- Imilenze emfishane, imvamisa ihlukaniswe
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo
Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kwembula ngokudidiyela okubanzi (okuyingxenye ephakathi nethambo le-tubular), ukungahambi kahle kwamathambo, ukuqina kwamathambo, ukwakheka okuncane kwamathambo, amathambo anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium.
Isici sokuxilonga esivelakancane ukuntuleka kokuphendula ekuthatheni imithamo ejwayelekile ye-vithamini D, ngokungafani nama-rickets ajwayelekile, onesifo sikashukela se-phosphate, ukusetshenziswa kwawo akuzinciphisi izimpawu zesifo.
Futhi, lapho wenza ukuxilongwa, ukutholwa kwama-phosphates kumchamo kuphakama kaningana kunamanani ajwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwembula okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-phosphorus. Ukukhuphela ngaphandle izifo ze-parathyroid gland, izinga le-parathyroid hormone liyahlolwa. Ngesifo sikashukela se-phosphate, siphakeme noma singaphansi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile. Amasampula ngokwethulwa kwe-parathyroid hormone akhombisa ukuzwela okunciphile kwama-rebu tubules kuyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezigulini, kwesinye isikhathi umsebenzi owandayo we-alkaline phosphatase kanye nezinga eliphansi le-calcium egazini kungatholakala uma ukwelashwa ngemithamo ephezulu ye-phosphorus kunqunyelwe.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela se-phosphate ezinganeni siphathwa ngosawoti we-phosphoric acid we-calcium ne-sodium ngezinga le-10 mg le-phosphate nge-1 kg yesisindo somzimba wengane amahlandla amane ngosuku. Izidakamizwa zithathwa ngendlela yezixazululo noma amaphilisi.
IVithamini D imiselwe ukuvikela ukuphazamiseka kwe-calcium metabolism. Isetjenziswa kusukela kumthamo we-0.005 μg futhi ikhuphuka iye ku-0.03 μg nge-1 kg yesisindo somzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga le-phosphorus egazini liyakhuphuka, futhi umsebenzi we-alkaline phosphatase uyancipha.
Ukuvikela ukufakwa kukasawoti we-calcium ngendlela yamatshe ezinso, izinga le-calcium egazini nomchamo lilawulwa. Ngamanani ajwayelekile, ungakhulisa kancane kancane isilinganiso se-Vitamin D.
Futhi, iziguli ezinjalo zikhonjiswa ukuqokwa kwamalungiselelo e-calcium. Ukwenza ngcono ukungena kwamalawoti we-phosphorus ne-calcium kusuka ku-lumen yamathumbu kuxutshaniswe ne-citric acid. Faka isicelo seCalcium Gluconate, Phytin, iCalcium Glycerophosphate, iSodium Citrate. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa isikhathi eside - kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokwelashwa zibekelwe iziguli:
- Ukwelashwa nge-Vitamin nge-tocopherol (uvithamini E) no-Vitamin A.
- Ukukhethwa kwe-corset yamathambo yokulungiswa komgogodla womgogodla.
- Ekupheleni kokukhula, ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kungenziwa nge-deformation ebalulekile yamathambo.
- Ngesifo sikashukela se-oncogenic phosphate, kususwa isimila.
Esigabeni esisebenzayo sesi sifo sobuhlungu obukhulu emathanjeni, umgogodla kanye nokuhlangana, iziguli zinqunyelwe ukuphumula kombhede. Imvamisa isikhathi saso silingana nezinsuku eziyi-15. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-painkillers kanye nemithi engeyona eye-anti -idalidal kuyanconywa.
Lapho lesi sifo sidlulile esiteji sokuxolelwa okuzinzile kwemitholampilo nokwelabhorethri, iziguli zinqunyelwa ukuthi zenze umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba onqatshelwe wokugxuma nokuzivocavoca kakhulu.
Kuyanconywa futhi ukwenza inkambo yokuzivocavoca okwelapha, okugeza usawoti kanye ne-whirlpool, ukwelashwa ezimweni ze-sanatorium.
Imiphumela kanye Nezinkinga
Izinhlobo ezine zesifo zihlukaniswa ngokuya ngohlobo lokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala zalesi sifo ziyathandeka (maqondana nokuqalwa kwesikhathi eside). Inketho yokuqala iba ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ukukhubazeka kwamathambo amancane, uvithamini D ubekezelelwa kahle. Kuhlotshaniswa ne-excretion ye-phosphorus ne-calcium nomchamo nezindunduma.
Kokuhlukahluka kwesibili, lesi sifo sikhula ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, kushiwo izinguquko emathanjeni, i-phosphorus esegazini iyehliswa, inqwaba ye-phosphorus ikhishwa emchameni. Vitamin D ikhombisa ukumelana. Ukulahleka kwe-phosphorus kuhlobene kusukela ukulimala kwezinso kwenzeka ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Ukukhula kwezingane kuncishisiwe kancane, umzimba uqinile. Izimpawu ze-X-ray zama-rickets, ukuthambisa amathambo.
Inketho yesithathu iqala lapho ineminyaka emihlanu ubudala, amathambo akhubazekile kakhulu, i-calcium esegazini incishisiwe, futhi i-calcium nama-phosphates azingene emathunjini. Vitamin D uzwakalise ukumelana.
Izingane ziyaqina, amazinyo anezici ku-koqweqwe lwawo, athambekele ekunciphiseni. Izinga le-calcium yegazi liyancishiswa, ama-amino acid amaningi athunyelwa kumchamo. Kunezimpawu zokuphindaphindwa kwe-hyperfunction yesibili yezindlala zezitho zangasese. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kuveza izinguquko endaweni yokukhula kwamathambo, i-osteoporosis.
Inketho yesine ibonakala ngokuzwela okwengeziwe kwevithamini D kanye nokuthambekela kwe-hypervitaminosis, noma ngabe isetshenziswa kumithamo emincane. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, ukuqothuka kwemilenze, impandla nokushiswa kwamazinyo kuyaphawulwa.
Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela se-phosphate zibandakanya:
- Ukwephulwa kokuma kanye nokudilika kwemikhawulo ephansi.
- Ukubuyiselwa ngokomzimba futhi kwesinye isikhathi kwengqondo.
- Ukwakheka kwamazinyo nokwenziwa ngamazinyo kuyaphazamiseka.
- Ukufakwa kweCalcium ezinso.
- Ubunzima ekulethweni (isigaba se-Caesarean siyadingeka).
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kuqukethe ukuhlolwa kofuzo esiteji sokuhlela ukukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi uma kunamacala wokuhlukunyezwa okunjalo kofuzo emndenini noma ezihlotsheni eziseduze. Izikhungo zokuelulekwa ngofuzo zingadala ubungozi bokuthola ifa lesifo sikashukela.
Uma ingane isengozini, khona-ke ihlolwe kusukela izalwa, ibheka izinga le-phosphorus ne-calcium egazini nomchamo, futhi futhi iqaphe ukwakheka komthambo, ukuhambisana kokukhula namazinga wobudala, ihlole ukusabela kokutholwa kwephrophylactic kwevithamini D. Lapho kunezimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo, izingane ziyalelwa ukwelashwa ngamavithamini. Bazali kumele futhi bafake izicelo zemihlomulo yengane enesifo sikashukela futhi bathole imishanguzo yamahhala esikhungweni sempilo.
Kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko, uDkt Komarovsky ukhuluma ngokuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D.
